5.9千せん年ねん事件じけん

5.9千せん年ねん事件じけん是これ全ぜん新しん世よ一场强烈的干旱事件，发生在ざい5,900年ねん前まえ，即そく公おおやけ元もと前まえ3,900年ねん。结束了りょう新しん石器せっき亚雨期き，可能かのう开始了りょう撒哈拉ひしげ的てき沙漠さばく化か进程。因よし此，这一事件触发了全北非范围内的人类迁居于河谷，例れい如从北きた非ひ迁往尼あま罗河谷だに，大量たいりょう人口じんこう突然とつぜん聚集在ざい尼あま羅ら河かわ，导致了りょう公おおやけ元もと前まえ的てき第だい4个千年的第一个人类国家的出现^[1]，為ため後來こうらい古こ埃及えじぷと乃至ないし身み受其影響えいきょう的てき西方せいほう文明ぶんめい確立かくりつ了りょう基もと石せき。

原因げんいん

傑すぐる拉ひしげ德とく·克かつ拉ひしげ克かつ·邦くに德とく（英えい语：Gerard C. Bond）于1997年ねん提出ていしゅつ，5.9千年事件源自北大西洋的冰山漂流以及其它原因产生的每1470± 500年ねん的てき北大西洋きたたいせいよう准じゅん周期しゅうき冷却れいきゃく^[2]。由よし于某些原因げんいん，这些早期そうき的てき干ひ旱ひでり事件じけん，包括ほうかつ8.2千せん年ねん事件じけん，都と跟随着ぎ恢复过程，例れい如撒哈拉地区ちく在ざい10,000至いたり6,000年ねん前まえ的てき湿しめ润环境さかい^[3]。但ただし5.9千年事件之后顶多有个部分恢复，之これ后きさき是ぜ又また过了一个千年后的快速干旱。1998年ねん，Mauro Cremaschi给出了りょう利り比ひ亚西南せいなん的てき快速かいそく干ひ旱ひでり的てき证据，风蚀加か剧、沙すな侵おかせ、岩石がんせき崩くずし塌^[4]。

Martin Claussen在ざい1999年ねん提出ていしゅつ的てき一いち个模型がた，认为第だい4次じ“1500年ねん氣候きこう週しゅう期き”的てき冷却れいきゃく事件じけん产生了りょう荒あら漠ばく化か^[5]。

5.9千せん年ねん事件じけん在中ざいちゅう国こく的てき洱海沉积中ちゅう是ぜ一いち个变冷ひや事件じけん^[6]。

后きさき果はて

5.9千年事件在中东造成了欧おう贝德文化ぶんか的てき突然とつぜん结束^[7]。

参まいり见

4.2千せん年ねん事件じけん

参考さんこう文献ぶんけん

^ Brooks, Nick. Cultural responses to aridity in the Middle Holocene and increased social complexity. Quaternary International. Dark nature: responses of humans and ecosystems to rapid environmental changes. 2006-07-01, 151 (1) [2022-08-05]. Bibcode:2006QuInt.151...29B. ISSN 1040-6182. doi:10.1016/j.quaint.2006.01.013. （原始げんし内容ないよう存そん档于2019-03-24）（英えい语）.
^ Bond, Gerard; Showers, William; Cheseby, Maziet; Lotti, Rusty; Almasi, Peter; deMenocal, Peter; Priore, Paul; Cullen, Heidi; Hajdas, Irka; Bonani, Georges. A Pervasive Millennial-Scale Cycle in North Atlantic Holocene and Glacial Climates. Science. 1997-11-14, 278 (5341) [2022-08-05]. Bibcode:1997Sci...278.1257B. ISSN 0036-8075. doi:10.1126/science.278.5341.1257. （原始げんし内容ないよう存そん档于2022-06-06）（英えい语）.
^ Petit-Maire, N.; Beufort, L.; Page, N. Holocene climate change and man in the present day Sahara desert. Nüzhet Dalfes, H.; Kukla, G.; Weiss, H. (编). Third Millennium BC Climate Change and Old World Collapse. Berlin: Springer. 1997: 297–308. ISBN 978-3-540-61892-8.
^ Cremaschi, M. Late Quaternary geological evidence for environmental changes in south-western Fezzan (Libyan Sahara). Cremaschi, M.; Di Lernia, S. (Eds.) (编). Wadi Teshuinat: Palaeoenvironment and prehistory in south-western Fezzan (Libyan Sahara). Firenze: Ed. All' Insegna del Giglio. 1998: 13–47. ISBN 978-88-7814-144-5.
^ Claussen, Martin; Kubatzki, Claudia; Brovkin, Victor; Ganopolski, Andrey; Hoelzmann, Philipp; Pachur, Hans-Joachim. Simulation of an abrupt change in Saharan vegetation in the Mid-Holocene. Geophysical Research Letters. 1999-07-15, 26 (14) [2022-08-05]. Bibcode:1999GeoRL..26.2037C. doi:10.1029/1999GL900494. （原始げんし内容ないよう存そん档于2020-04-13）（英えい语）.
^ Zhou Jing; Wang Sumin; Yang Guishan; Xiao Haifeng. Younger Dryas Event and Cold Events in Early-Mid Holocene: Record from the sediment of Erhai Lake (PDF). Advances in Climate Change Research. 2007, 3 (Suppl.): 1673–1719 [2012-09-21]. （原始げんし内容ないよう (PDF)存そん档于2008-09-10）.
^ Parker, Adrian G.; et al. A record of Holocene climate change from lake geochemical analyses in southeastern Arabia (PDF). Quaternary Research. 2006, 66 (3): 465–476 [2012-09-21]. Bibcode:2006QuRes..66..465P. doi:10.1016/j.yqres.2006.07.001. （原始げんし内容ないよう (PDF)存そん档于2008-10-29）.

[Brooks2006-1] Brooks, Nick. Cultural responses to aridity in the Middle Holocene and increased social complexity. Quaternary International. Dark nature: responses of humans and ecosystems to rapid environmental changes. 2006-07-01, 151 (1) [2022-08-05]. Bibcode:2006QuInt.151...29B. ISSN 1040-6182. doi:10.1016/j.quaint.2006.01.013. （原始げんし内容ないよう存そん档于2019-03-24）（英えい语）.

[Bond1997-2] Bond, Gerard; Showers, William; Cheseby, Maziet; Lotti, Rusty; Almasi, Peter; deMenocal, Peter; Priore, Paul; Cullen, Heidi; Hajdas, Irka; Bonani, Georges. A Pervasive Millennial-Scale Cycle in North Atlantic Holocene and Glacial Climates. Science. 1997-11-14, 278 (5341) [2022-08-05]. Bibcode:1997Sci...278.1257B. ISSN 0036-8075. doi:10.1126/science.278.5341.1257. （原始げんし内容ないよう存そん档于2022-06-06）（英えい语）.

[Petit-Maire-3] Petit-Maire, N.; Beufort, L.; Page, N. Holocene climate change and man in the present day Sahara desert. Nüzhet Dalfes, H.; Kukla, G.; Weiss, H. (编). Third Millennium BC Climate Change and Old World Collapse. Berlin: Springer. 1997: 297–308. ISBN 978-3-540-61892-8.

[Cremaschi-4] Cremaschi, M. Late Quaternary geological evidence for environmental changes in south-western Fezzan (Libyan Sahara). Cremaschi, M.; Di Lernia, S. (Eds.) (编). Wadi Teshuinat: Palaeoenvironment and prehistory in south-western Fezzan (Libyan Sahara). Firenze: Ed. All' Insegna del Giglio. 1998: 13–47. ISBN 978-88-7814-144-5.

[Claussen1999-5] Claussen, Martin; Kubatzki, Claudia; Brovkin, Victor; Ganopolski, Andrey; Hoelzmann, Philipp; Pachur, Hans-Joachim. Simulation of an abrupt change in Saharan vegetation in the Mid-Holocene. Geophysical Research Letters. 1999-07-15, 26 (14) [2022-08-05]. Bibcode:1999GeoRL..26.2037C. doi:10.1029/1999GL900494. （原始げんし内容ないよう存そん档于2020-04-13）（英えい语）.

[Zhou2007-6] Zhou Jing; Wang Sumin; Yang Guishan; Xiao Haifeng. Younger Dryas Event and Cold Events in Early-Mid Holocene: Record from the sediment of Erhai Lake (PDF). Advances in Climate Change Research. 2007, 3 (Suppl.): 1673–1719 [2012-09-21]. （原始げんし内容ないよう (PDF)存そん档于2008-09-10）.

[Parker2006-7] Parker, Adrian G.; et al. A record of Holocene climate change from lake geochemical analyses in southeastern Arabia (PDF). Quaternary Research. 2006, 66 (3): 465–476 [2012-09-21]. Bibcode:2006QuRes..66..465P. doi:10.1016/j.yqres.2006.07.001. （原始げんし内容ないよう (PDF)存そん档于2008-10-29）.

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