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Akizuki Tanezane - Wikipedia
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Akizuki Tanezane

In this Japanese name, the surname is Akizuki.

Akizuki Tanezane (秋月あきづき 種実たねざね, 1548 – November 16, 1596) was a samurai warrior and daimyo in 16th century Japan. He was a member of the Akizuki clan from Chikuzen Province, son of Akizuki Fumitane; his father was defeated by the Ōtomo clan.[1] in 1564.

Akizuki Tanezane
秋月あきづき 種実たねざね
Head of Akizuki clan
In office
1564–1596
Preceded byAkizuki Fumitane
Succeeded byAkizuki Tanenaga
Personal details
Born1548
DiedNovember 16, 1596(1596-11-16) (aged 47–48)
ChildrenAkizuki Tanenaga
Parent
  • Akizuki Fumitane (father)
Military service
AllegianceAkizuki clan
Mōri clan
Shimazu clan
Toyotomi clan
RankDaimyō
CommandsOguma Castle
Battles/warsBattle of Yasumimatsu (1567)
Siege of Iwaya Castle (1585)
Siege of Tachibana castle (1586)
Kyushu Campaign (1587)

Biography

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Following his father death by Otomo, Akizuki Tanezane sought assistance from the Mōri clan. Following the defeat of the Mōri in northern Kyushu at the hands of the Ōtomo, the Akizuki turned to the Shimazu clan for assistance. In 1567, Tanezane, has manage to recapture the castle of Mount Kosho from the Ōtomo clan and made his intention clear to fight against them. In response, Sorin sent Tachibana Dōsetsu, Usuki Akisumi, and Yoshihiro Akimasa with 20,000 soldiers on August 14 to punish Tanezane. The Ōtomo army first engaged the Akizuki clan forces at the Battle of Amamizu and Haseyama (also known as the Battle of Uryuno) on August 14, and on the 15th, and captured Ojo, a branch castle of Yasumimatsu Castle, causing the commander of the castle, Moromasa Sakata, to commit suicide.[2]

Dōsetsu then stationed his army around Yasumomatsu castle, in preparation to capture Mount Kosho Castle. However, the castle was defended firmly and the siege dragged on. Subsequently, rumors circulated that a huge Mōri clan army in Chugoku region planned to invade Ojo, which prompted the Ōtomo forces to withdraw from the siege of Mount Kosho. Later, the Ōtomo army abandonned Yasumimatsu castle and began retreating in the morning of September 3. In response, Tanezane decided to sally out to give chase against the withdrawing Ōtomo army by dividing his 12,000 troops into four groups under the command of Kankage Intosho, Sanehisa Uchida Zenbei, over 3,000 cavalry, and Ayabe Suruga no Kami, over 5,000 cavalry. Dōsetsu already anticipated this movement by leading a rearguard with 3,000 soldiers with the assistance of his lieutenants, Bekki Shigetsura, Ono Shizuyuki, and Korenobu Yufu, with each of them leading 500 to 600 cavalry.[3][2]

During this attack, at first the assault forces of Tanezane manage to inflict losses as they killed one of Dōsetsu's most trusted generals, Koretada Totoki. However, the rearguard detachment of Dōsetsu managed to reverse the situation and inflicted heavy losses upon Tanezane troops, forcing them to retreat. Later at night, Tanezane once again launched an assault this time with 4,000 soldiers in a night raid. The unexpected night attack by the Akizuki forces threw the Ōtomo army into chaos, and they suffered heavy losses with the total number of casualties being over 400, throwing the latter's force into panic. Dōsetsu managed to return order onto his troops and organize a retreat, however, Tanezane order his troops to pursue the fleeing Dōsetsu further, as they continued to pursue them as far as Chikugo Yamakuma Castle, forcing the Ōtomo army to suffer even more casualties.[2] Many of Dōsetsu's clansmen were killed in this battle, such as Bekki Akitaka, Bekki Chikashige, Bekki Chikamune.[4]

In 1569 Dōsetsu captured the Yamakuma Castle from Tanezane during autumn.[5]: 62 [6]

In 1578 In December 11-13 , Tanezane worked together with Tsukushi Hirokado and Ryūzōji Takanobu to invade Chikuzen, while Dōsetsu and his army worked hard to defend those territories.[7]

In 1579 of mid January, Dōsetsu participated in the second Ōtomo invasion of Tsukushi province and Dazaifu town against the Akizuki clan, forcing Akizuki Tanezane to abandon his siege of Takatoriyama Castle. After that, Dōsetsu besieged the Iwaya castle for the second time.[8][9][10][11][12] In March, Dōsetsu besieged the Iwaya castle for the third time subsequently with some clashes against the forces of Akizuki Tanezane.[13][14][15][16][17] Following that, Dōsetsu engaged against Akizuki clan forces in the battle of Yatake, Chikuzen province.[18] In July 27, Dōsetsu repulsed a joint attack from Tanezane and Harada Nobutane.[19]

In 1580, from November 3 until December, Dōsetsu fought against the forces of Akizuki Tanezane and Munakata Ujisada respectively.[20][21]

In 1581, Dōsetsu participated in the several engagements across against Akizuki Tanezane. First, Dōsetsu fought against Tanezane and Ujisada in the battle of Koganebara,[22] which was recorded in history as the largest military engagement ever happened in Kurate until at that time.[23] In this battle, Dōsetsu has inflicted a crushing defeat on his enemies, which left the territories under the control of Ujisada vulnerable to further incursions by Dōsetsu's army.[24] Later, Dōsetsu fought against Tanezane again in Shimizuhara, and Takatori castle.[25][26] In July 27, Dōsetsu and Shigetane Shigetane fought against Tsukushi Hirokado and Akizuki Tanezane in the second battle of Dazaifu Kanzeon-ji. It is in this battle that, Takahashi Munetora, who will be known as Tachibana Muneshige, saw his first notable action.[27][28]

On April 16, 1582, during the Battle of Iwato against the combined forces of 2,000 from the Akizuki, Harada, and Munakata clans, Dōsetsu led a 500-strong ambush force and surrounded his 1,000-strong main force. 300 of Muneshige's troops launched a surprise attack from the side with guns, while the remaining 200 soldiers were led by Komono Masutoki, who set up a false flag to make it look like reinforcements from the Otomo clan were coming, and finally managed to lift the siege. Muneshige then led 1,000 cavalry including Komono Masutoki, Korenobu Yufu, and Shigeyuki Ono, eliminating 300 of the Harada general's troops, Kasa Okinaga, who had built a fort at Iwatosho Kubeno, killing 150 of them, and pursuing them west to Sawara County, where he burned down Harada Chikahide's Sawara Castle.[29][30][31][32] On November 6, Dōsetsu marched to Kama and Honami along with Muneshige and, and Shigetane. While on their way to the rescue of Kutami Akiyasu, the Tachibana and Takahashi forces received information that Akiyasu had safely retreated after fighting Akizuki Tanezane and Monjūjo Munekage (the great uncle of Munekage) in the Battle of Haratsuru, so they retreated. However, Tanezane forces turns out still pursuing them. Both fierce battles resulted in over 1,000 casualties, including over 300 casualties from Tachibana and Takahashi, and 760 for the Akizuki clan.[a]

In 1585, Tanezane supported the Shimazu in an offensive against the Ōtomo at the Siege of Iwaya Castle.[citation needed] Later, Tanezane participated in anti-Ōtomo alliance invasion led by Ryūzōji Ieharu. With a total army of 30,000, the alliance attacked Kurume.[40][41] The Ōtomo forces led by Tachibana Dōsetsu and Takahashi Shigetane manage to score a series of victories over the numerically superior allied focers with a combination of brilliant maneuvers and tactics in three separate battles:[40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47] in the end, the alliance siege against the town failed.[48]

In 1586, he and Shimazu Yoshihisa marched to attack Otomo's Tachibana castle.

In 1587, he fought with Shimazu against Toyotomi Hideyoshi in Kyūshū, an island of Japan.[49]

In 1596, Tanezane was succeeded by his son Tanenaga.[49] After the Battle of Sekigahara, Tanenaga was transferred to Takanabe han (in Hyuga, 20,000 koku).

Appendix

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Foot notes

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  1. ^ ^ The Tachibana side referred to this battle as the Battle of Junnohara (also called the Third Battle of Kama and Honami, the Battle of Junnohara, or the Second Battle of Yagiyama-Ishizaka (a battle that took place at the Dainichi-ji entrance on the Yagiyama Ishizaka road in Honami County, a different battle from the Second Battle of Dazaifu Kanzeonji and the Second Battle of Dazaifu Ishizaka in Ishizaka, Dazaifu City on July 27 of the same year)), while the Akizuki side referred to it as the Battle of Yagiyama.[33][34][35][36][37][38][39]

References

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  1. ^ "秋月あきづき種実たねざね". Archived from the original on 2012-02-07. Retrieved 2007-04-10.
  2. ^ a b c 海上うながみ知明ともあき (2022). 地政学ちせいがくで読よみ解とく日本にっぽん合戦かっせん史し (in Japanese). 株式会社かぶしきがいしゃＰＨＰ研究所ぴーえいちぴーけんきゅうしょ. p. 69. ISBN 978-4569852980. Retrieved 16 April 2024.
  3. ^ Tetsuo Kawamura (2003). 筑後ちくご争乱そうらん記き 蒲池かばいけ一族いちぞくの興亡こうぼう [Chikugo War Chronicles Rise and fall of the Kamachi clan] (in Japanese). 海鳥うみどり社しゃ. p. 113. ISBN 9784874154281.
  4. ^ Yanagawa City History Editorial Committee (1997). 柳川やながわ歴史れきし資料しりょう集成しゅうせい第だい2集しゅう 柳河やなかわ藩はん享とおる保ほ八はち年ねん藩士はんし系図けいず･下か [Yanagawa Historical Materials Collection Vol. 2 Yanagawa domain Kyoho 8th year feudal samurai genealogy, Part 2] (in Japanese). Yanagawa City. Retrieved 14 May 2024.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  5. ^ 井い樓ろう纂聞 梅うめ岳だけ公おおやけ遺のこ事こと (in Japanese). Niigata University Library. Retrieved 15 May 2024.
  6. ^ 『豊前ぶぜん覚書おぼえがき』（二に）豊ゆたか州しゅう芸げい州しゅう御お戦たたかひの次第しだい P.74~75
  7. ^ Nakano Anai (2012, pp. 12–13)
  8. ^ 『井い樓ろう纂聞 梅うめ岳だけ公おおやけ遺のこ事こと』 p.83~84
  9. ^ 吉永よしなが正ただし春はる『筑前ちくぜん戦国せんごく史し』 p.106~109
  10. ^ Kuwata 2016, pp. 87.
  11. ^ 『筑後ちくご将士しょうし軍談ぐんだん』 卷まき之の第だい十じゅう一いち 岩屋いわや合戦かっせん関せき内記ないき勇戦ゆうせん之の事こと P.299~300
  12. ^ Nakano Anai (2012, pp. 54)
  13. ^ 『井い樓ろう纂聞 梅うめ岳だけ公おおやけ遺のこ事こと』 p.85
  14. ^ 吉永よしなが正ただし春はる『筑前ちくぜん戦国せんごく史し』 p.109~110
  15. ^ 二日ふつか市しの戦たたかい
  16. ^ 『柳河やなかわ戦死せんし者しゃ名譽めいよ錄ろく』（一いち五ご）筑前ちくぜん鍬くわ摺すり 天正てんしょう七なな年ねん 三さん月がつ十じゅう三さん日にち P.10
  17. ^ 『筑後ちくご将士しょうし軍談ぐんだん』 卷まき之の第だい十じゅう二に 豊後ぶんご勢いきおい與あずか秋月あきづき筑紫つくし挑戦ちょうせん之の事こと P.317
  18. ^ 『井い樓ろう纂聞 梅うめ岳だけ公おおやけ遺のこ事こと』 p.85~86
  19. ^ 吉永よしなが 正ただし春はる (2009, p. 119)
  20. ^ 龍りゅうヶ城じょう夜襲やしゅう之の事こと「岩屋いわや城じょう結束けっそく強化きょうかの契機けいきとなった。北原きたはら鎮久の誅殺ちゅうさつ」
  21. ^ 『井い樓ろう纂聞 梅うめ岳だけ公おおやけ遺のこ事こと』 p.121
  22. ^ 直方のうがた市し教育きょういく委員いいん会かい (1987). 筑前ちくぜん鷹取たかとり城跡じょうせき 福岡ふくおか県けん直方のうがた市し大字だいじ頓野とんの・永満寺えいまんじ所しょ在中ざいちゅう・近世きんせい城郭じょうかくの調しらべ查 · Volume 1 (in Japanese). 直方のうがた市し教育きょういく委員いいん会かい. p. 7. Retrieved 16 April 2024.
  23. ^ Masato Fujino (2011, p. 66)
  24. ^ Masato Fujino (2011, p. 69)
  25. ^ Kuwata 2016, pp. 164–465.
  26. ^ 『筑後ちくご将士しょうし軍談ぐんだん』 卷まき之の第だい十じゅう三さん 小金原こがねはら合戦かっせん之の事こと P.351~353
  27. ^ Nakano Anai (2012, p. 47)
  28. ^ 『井い樓ろう纂聞 梅うめ岳だけ公おおやけ遺のこ事こと』 p.87
  29. ^ Banri Hoashi (1835, pp. 124)
  30. ^ Yoshinaga Masaharu (2009, pp. 165~167)
  31. ^ 『柳河やなかわ戦死せんし者しゃ名譽めいよ錄ろく』（二に二に）筑前ちくぜん岩がん門もん庄しょう久ひさ邊べ野の 天正てんしょう十じゅう年ねん 四よん月がつ十じゅう六ろく日にち P.12
  32. ^ Nakano Anai (2012, p. 64)
  33. ^ Banri Hoashi (1835, pp. 104–105)
  34. ^ Banri Hoashi (1835, pp. 126~128)
  35. ^ Masato Fujino (2011, pp. 88-89 Buzen Memorandum (5) Details of the Siege of Tachibana Castle)
  36. ^ 『柳河やなかわ戦死せんし者しゃ名譽めいよ錄ろく』（二に〇）筑前ちくぜん潤じゅん野原のはら 天正てんしょう九きゅう年ねん 十じゅう一いち月がつ六ろく日にち P.12
  37. ^ Yoshinaga Masaharu (2009, pp. 138–139)
  38. ^ Nakano Anai (2012, p. 58-59)
  39. ^ Kazutada 1926, p. 371.
  40. ^ a b Kazusada Yano; Yoshinaga masaharu (1927). "筑後ちくご国史こくし : 原名げんめい・筑後ちくご将士しょうし軍談ぐんだん 上巻じょうかん" [History of Chikugo: Original name: Military stories of Chikugo generals, Volume 1]. 筑後ちくご遺のこ籍せき刊行かんこう会かい (in Japanese). pp. 423~428. Retrieved 11 May 2024.
  41. ^ a b Yoshinaga 1977, pp. 198~200.
  42. ^ 久留くる米べい高良山こうらさん合戦かっせん
  43. ^ 久留米くるめ市し史し 第だい6巻かん [Kurume city history; Vol.6] (in Japanese). Kurume City History Editorial Committee. 1981. p. 62. Retrieved 12 May 2024.
  44. ^ Banri Hoashi (1835, p. 143)
  45. ^ 吉永よしなが正ただし春はる『筑前ちくぜん戦国せんごく史し』道みち雪ゆき、紹運、筑後ちくご出陣しゅつじん p.199
  46. ^ "『筑後ちくご将士しょうし軍談ぐんだん』 卷まき之の第だい十じゅう五ご 黒木くろき落城らくじょう付づけ所々しょしょ軍ぐん之の事こと P.418~421". Archived from the original on 2022-07-18. Retrieved 2022-07-18.
  47. ^ "『柳川やないご市し史し』史料しりょう編へんＶ近世きんせい文書ぶんしょ（後編こうへん）118 由布ゆう文書ぶんしょ (5) 戸次とつぎ鑑かん連れん(道みち雪ゆき)感状かんじょう写うつし 於今度ど古所ふるところ山さん最前さいぜん攻おさむ登とう、小者こもの一人ひとり被ひ疵きず候こう、粉こな骨こつ之の次第しだい感かん悅えつ候こう、必以時分じぶん可か顕あらわ志こころざし候こう、恐々きょうきょう謹言きんげん、七なな月がつ十じゅう九きゅう日にち、由布ゆう源げん五ご左衛門尉さえもんのじょう殿どの 雪ゆき下か事ごと 338頁ぺーじ". 1997. p. 14.
  48. ^ 吉永よしなが 正ただし春はる (2009, p. 200)
  49. ^ a b •?‰Æ‰Æ“` Q?Hœžž

Bibliography

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This article incorporates text from OpenHistory.

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