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Queen Insun (Korean: 인순왕후 심씨; 27 June 1532 – 12 February 1575), of the Cheongsong Sim clan, was a posthumous name bestowed to the wife and queen consort of Yi Hwan, King Myeongjong. She was queen consort of Joseon from 1545 until her husband's death in 1567, after which she was honoured as Queen Dowager Uiseong (의성왕대비). She served as regent of Korea during the minority of her adoptive son, king Yi Yeon, King Seonjo, from 1567 until 1568.
Queen Insun 인순왕후 | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Queen dowager of Joseon | |||||
Tenure | 1567–1575 | ||||
Predecessor | Queen Dowager Gongui | ||||
Successor | Queen Dowager Soseong | ||||
Queen regent of Joseon | |||||
Regency | 1567–1568 | ||||
Predecessor | Queen Munjeong | ||||
Successor | Queen Jeongsun | ||||
Queen consort of Joseon | |||||
Tenure | 1545–1567 | ||||
Predecessor | Queen Inseong | ||||
Successor | Queen Uiin | ||||
Born | 27 June 1532 Hanseong, Joseon | ||||
Died | 12 February 1575 Tongmyeong Hall, Changgyeong Palace, Joseon | (aged 42)||||
Burial | Kangreung, Hwarang-ro, Nowon District, Seoul | ||||
Spouse | |||||
Issue | Crown Prince Sunhoe | ||||
| |||||
House | Cheongsong Sim | ||||
Father | Sim Kang | ||||
Mother | Yi Hui-gyeong, Internal Princess Consort Wansan of the Jeonju Yi clan |
Biography
editEarly life
editLady Sim was born on 27 June 1532 to Sim Kang and Lady Yi of the Jeonju Yi clan. She was the eldest within 10 siblings, including Sim Ui-gyeom. Through her mother, she was a 5th great-granddaughter of Queen Wongyeong and King Taejong; through her 4th great-grandfather, Grand Prince Hyoryeong. Her uncle was Yi Ryang.
Marriage
editIn April 1542, Lady Sim was arranged to marry Grand Prince Gyeongwon; the only son of King Jungjong and Queen Munjeong. Lady Sim was given the title of Princess Consort (부부인).
Queen
editIn 1545, when King Injong passed away, her husband was enthroned as the next king of joseon as there wasn't any heirs from Queen Inseong. The Princess Consort then became the next Queen Consort and had a son, Crown Prince Sunhoe, in 1551.
The Crown Prince died in 1563; leaving no heirs from King Myeongjong who also died in 1567. This left Prince Haseong (the future King Seonjo), a son of Grand Internal Prince Deokheung and Grand Internal Princess Consort Hadong, to become the next crowned prince.
Regency and later life
editThe Queen Consort became Queen Regent in 1567 upon on the prince's enthronement as king because he was young. In 1568, she stepped down as regent and became Queen Dowager. She was later given the title of Uiseong (의성; 懿聖) in 1569.
Her reign as Queen Dowager lasted 8 years as she died on 12 February 1575 within Changgyeong Palace's Tongmyeong Hall. Nearby where her mother-in-law, Queen Munjeong, is buried, the Queen is buried with her husband in Kangreung.
Family
editParent
- Father − Sim Kang (심강, 沈鋼; 1514–1567)
- Mother − Yi Hui-gyeong, Internal Princess Consort Wansan of the Jeonju Yi clan (이희경 완산부부인 전주 이씨;
李 希 慶 完 山 府 夫人 全 州 李 氏 ; 1511–1559)
Sibling
- Younger brother − Sim In-gyeom (심인겸; 沈仁
謙 ; June 1533 – 17 November 1580) - Younger brother − Sim Ui-gyeom (심의겸; 沈義
謙 ; 1535–1587) - Younger brother − Sim Ye-gyeom (심예겸; 沈禮
謙 ; 1537–1598) - Younger sister − Lady Sim of the Cheongsong Sim clan (청송 심씨; 1538–1579)
- Younger brother − Sim Ji-gyeom (심지겸; 沈智
謙 ; 1540–1568) - Younger brother − Sim Shin-gyeom (심신겸; 沈信
謙 ; 1542–1596) - Younger sister − Lady Sim of the Cheongsong Sim clan (청송 심씨; 1543–?); Ryu Hui-bal’s first wife
- Younger brother − Sim Chung-gyeom (심충겸; 沈忠
謙 ; 1545–1594) - Younger brother − Sim Hyo-gyeom (심효겸; 沈孝
謙 ; 20 September 1547 – 24 September 1600) - Younger brother − Sim Je-gyeom (심제겸; 沈悌
謙 ; 1550–1589) - Younger sister − Lady Sim of the Cheongsong Sim clan (청송 심씨; 1556–?)
Consort and Issue
- Husband - Myeongjong of Joseon (조선명종; 3 July 1534 – 3 August 1567)
- Son - Yi Bu, Crown Prince Sunhoe (이부 순회세자; 1 July 1551 – 6 October 1563)
- Daughter-in-law - Crown Princess Gonghoe of the Musong Yun clan (공회빈 윤씨; 1550 – 14 April 1592)
- Adoptive son - Seonjo of Joseon (조선선조; 26 November 1552 – 16 March 1608)
- Adoptive daughter-in-law - Queen Uiin of the Bannam Park clan (의인왕후 박씨; 5 May 1555 – 5 August 1600)
- Adoptive daughter-in-law - Queen Inmok of the Yeonan Kim clan (인목왕후 김씨; 15 December 1584 – 13 August 1632)
- Adoptive granddaughter - Princess Jeongmyeong (정명공주; 27 June 1603 – 8 September 1685)
- Unnamed adoptive granddaughter (1604); died prematurely
- Adoptive grandson - Yi Ui, Grand Prince Yeongchang (이의 영창대군; 12 April 1606 – 19 March 1614)
In popular culture
edit- Portrayed by Jang Hee-jin in the 2016 JTBC TV series Mirror of the Witch.
References
editSources
edit- 인순왕후 (in Korean). Doosan Encyclopedia.