King Ping of Zhou (Chinese:
King Ping of Zhou | |||||||||
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King of the Zhou dynasty | |||||||||
Reign | 770–16 April 720 BC | ||||||||
Predecessor | King You of Zhou | ||||||||
Successor | King Huan of Zhou | ||||||||
Died | 16 April 720 BC[1] | ||||||||
Issue | Crown Prince Xiefu Prince Hu Ruizu of Zhou ( | ||||||||
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House | Ji | ||||||||
Dynasty | Zhou (Eastern Zhou) | ||||||||
Father | King You of Zhou[2] | ||||||||
Mother | Queen Shen |
King Ping of Zhou | |||||||||
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Posthumous name | |||||||||
Chinese | |||||||||
Literal meaning | The Peaceful King of Zhou | ||||||||
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History
editHe was the son of King You of Zhou and Queen Shen (
King You had exiled Queen Shen and Ji Yijiu after the king became enamoured with his concubine Bao Si and made her queen and his son Bofu his heir.[5] As a result, Queen Shen’s father, the Marquess of Shen, teamed with the Quanrong nomads and local satellite states to overthrow King You.[4][6] In the Battle of Mount Li King You and Bofu were killed, and Bao Si captured. Ji Yijiu ascended the throne. At about the same time, Jī Hàn (
King Ping moved the Western Zhou dynasty's capital east from Haojing to Luoyang,[7] thus ending the Western Zhou[citation needed] and beginning the Eastern Zhou dynasty and the Spring and Autumn period. He is the first Zhou king to be mentioned in the chronological account of the Zuo Zhuan.
Over 14 centuries after King Ping’s death, Tang dynasty Empress regnant Wu Zetian claimed ancestry from King Ping through his son Prince Wu, and changed the dynastic name to Zhou, which was reverted to Tang after her death.[8]
Family
editSons:
- First son, Crown Prince Xiefu (
太子 洩 父 ), the father of King Huan of Zhou - Second son, Prince Hu (
王子 狐 )- Served as a hostage of Duke Zhuang of Zheng
- Youngest son, Prince Wu (
王子 武 )
Ancestry
editKing Li of Zhou (890–828 BC) | |||||||||||||||
King Xuan of Zhou (d. 782 BC) | |||||||||||||||
Shen Jiang of Shen | |||||||||||||||
King You of Zhou (d. 771 BC) | |||||||||||||||
Duke Wu of Qi | |||||||||||||||
Queen Jiang of Qi | |||||||||||||||
King Ping of Zhou (d. 720 BC) | |||||||||||||||
Marquis of Shen | |||||||||||||||
Queen Shen of Shen | |||||||||||||||
See also
editReferences
edit- ^
左 丘 明 . 《春秋 左 氏 傳 ‧隱 公 三 年 》 (in Chinese).三 年 ,春 ,王 三 月 ,壬 戌 ,平 王 崩 ,赴以庚 戌 ,故 書 之 。 - ^ Chinese Text Project, Rulers of the Zhou states – with links to their occurrences in pre-Qin and Han texts.
- ^ Michael Loewe and Edward Shaughnessy, ed. (1999), The Cambridge History of Ancient China, Cambridge University Press
- ^ a b Sima Qian. Records of the Grand Historian, "Zhou Dynasty Annals".
- ^ Giles, Herbert A. (1912). The Civilization of China. Tutis Digital Publishing. ISBN 81-320-0448-5. Chapter 1
- ^ Bamboo Annals
- ^ Zheng Zhu (郑注), "Classic of Rites · Unified Sacrifices" (
礼 记·祭 统》) - ^ Paludan, 101