else
English
editEtymology
editFrom Middle English ells, elles, from Old English elles (“other, otherwise, different”), from Proto-West Germanic *alljas, from Proto-Germanic *aljas (“of another, of something else”), genitive of *aljaz (“other”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂élyos, from *h₂el- (“other”).
Cognate with Old Frisian elles (“other”), Old High German elles, ellies (“other”), Danish eller (“or”), Danish ellers (“otherwise”), Swedish eljes, eljest (“or else, otherwise”), Norwegian elles (“else, otherwise”), Gothic 𐌰𐌻𐌾𐌹𐍃 (aljis, “other”), Latin alius (“other, another”), Ancient Greek ἄλλος (állos), Arcadocypriot
Pronunciation
edit- (Received Pronunciation, US) IPA(key): /ɛls/
- (colloquial) IPA(key): /ɛlts/
Audio (US): (file) - Rhymes: -ɛls
Adjective
editelse (not comparable)
- (postpositive, used only with indefinite or interrogative pronouns) Other; in addition to previously mentioned items.
- The instructor is busy. Can anyone else help me?
- 1610–1611 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tempest”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene ii]:
- Prospero:
Thou hast done well, fine Ariel. Follow me;
Hark what thou else shalt do me.
- 2013, Keith T. Krawczynski, Daily Life in the Colonial City:
- As with most else in society, early Americans believed that health and healing were in God's hand.
Usage notes
edit- This adjective usually follows an indefinite or interrogative pronoun, as in the examples above. In other cases, the adjective other is typically used.
Derived terms
editTerms derived from the adjective else
- all else being equal
- all else the same
- anybody else
- anyone else
- anyplace else
- anything else
- anywhere else
- elsehow
- elseness
- elseward
- elsewhat
- elsewhen
- elsewhence
- elsewhere
- elsewhither
- elsewho
- elsewhom
- elsewise
- everybody else
- everyone else
- everything else
- everywhere else
- if nothing else
- most else
- much else
- nobody else
- nothing else
- nothing else for it
- nowhen else
- nowhere else
- somebody else
- someone else
- someplace else
- something else
- somewhere else
- what else
- what else is new
Translations
editother
|
Adverb
editelse (not comparable)
- (usually follows interrogative adverbs) Otherwise, if not.
- How else (= in what other way) can it be done?
- I'm busy Friday; when else (= what other time) works for you?
- 1842 December – 1844 July, Charles Dickens, The Life and Adventures of Martin Chuzzlewit, London: Chapman and Hall, […], published 1844, →OCLC:
- The crust of ice on the else rippling brook was so transparent, and so thin in texture, that the lively water might of its own free will have stopped—in Tom’s glad mind it had—to look upon the lovely morning.
Usage notes
edit- (otherwise): This word frequently follows interrogative adverbs, such as how, why, and when, as well as the derived however, whyever, and whenever.
Synonyms
editDerived terms
editTranslations
editword that implies any result with the exception of the one being referred to
|
- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked
|
Conjunction
editelse
- For otherwise; or else.
- Then the Wronskian of f and g must be nonzero, else they could not be linearly independent.
- 1903 July, Jack London, “The Law of Club and Fang”, in The Call of the Wild, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., →OCLC, page 44:
- He had never seen dogs fight as these wolfish creatures fought, and his first experience taught him an unforgetable lesson. It is true, it was a vicarious experience, else he would not have lived to profit by it.
Derived terms
editTranslations
editfor otherwise — see also or else
See also
editAnagrams
editItalian
editNoun
editelse f
Anagrams
editCategories:
- English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂el- (other)
- English terms inherited from Middle English
- English terms derived from Middle English
- English terms inherited from Old English
- English terms derived from Old English
- English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic
- English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- English terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- English terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- English 1-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- English terms with audio links
- Rhymes:English/ɛls
- Rhymes:English/ɛls/1 syllable
- English lemmas
- English adjectives
- English uncomparable adjectives
- English terms with usage examples
- English terms with quotations
- English adverbs
- English uncomparable adverbs
- English conjunctions
- English adjectives commonly used as postmodifiers
- Italian non-lemma forms
- Italian noun forms