jau
Bourguignon
editEtymology
editFrom Late Latin gallus.
Noun
editjau m (plural jaus, feminine geleigne)
Related terms
editCatalan
editPronunciation
edit- Rhymes: -aw
Verb
editjau
Cubeo
editPronunciation
editNoun
editjau
See also
editReferences
editGothic
editRomanization
editjau
- Romanization of 𐌾𐌰𐌿
Latvian
editEtymology
editFrom Proto-Baltic *jau, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁yów, from the stem *éy (“that; he”) (whence also Latvian it, q.v.). Cognates include Lithuanian jaũ (“already”), Old Prussian iau (“ever”), Old Church Slavonic уже (uže), юже (juže), Russian уже́ (užé, “already”), Gothic 𐌾𐌿 (ju, “already”), Old High German ju (“already”).[1]
Pronunciation
editAdverb
editjau
- used to indicate that an action or event has started, happened before the time of speaking; already
- saule jau aust ― the sun is already up
- viņš jau atnāca ― he has already arrived
- es šo grāmatu jau esmu lasījis ― I have already read this book
- viņi jau bija izbraukuši no pilsētas, kad tēvocis atkal ierunājās ― they had already left the city when (their) uncle spoke again
- used to indicate that an action or event is happening before its due time, earlier than expected or planned; already
- plāns jānodod jau šodien ― the plan must be carried out already today
- jau rīt viņš aizceļos ― he will set off tomorrow already
- jau pēc stundas ― already in an hour (earlier than expected)
Particle
editjau
- used to reinforce the meaning of a word, phrase or sentence; really, indeed
- žēl jau bija, ka tā iznāca ― it is really a pity that it came out like that
- tas jau tāpat saprotams ― that is really self-evident
- tā jau ir ― it is indeed so
- tā jau viņš neteica ― that he didn't say
- labi jau tas nebija ― good that was not
- tā jau nu ir ― that is true... (said when reluctantly agreeing)
- (usually with kā) used to reinforce what is affirmed in a sentence, to give it more credibility, more generality
- viņš bija naivs, kā jau bērns ― he was naive, like a child
- bija jautri, kā jau viesībās ― it was fun, like in a party
- gandrīz katru dienu līst, kā jau rudenī ― almost every day it rains, as if it were autumn
References
edit- ^ Karulis, Konstantīns (1992) “jau”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN
Lithuanian
editEtymology
editFrom Proto-Balto-Slavic *jau.[1][2] Cognate with Latvian jau and Polish już; outside of Balto-Slavic, compare Gothic 𐌾𐌿 (ju, “already”), Latin iam (“id”).
Adverb
editjaũ [3]
Antonyms
editReferences
edit- ^ Derksen, Rick (2015) Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 207
- ^ Derksen, Rick (2008) Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 207.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 “jau” in Balčikonis, Juozas et al. (1954), Dabartinės lietuvių kalbos žodynas. Vilnius: Valstybinė politinės ir mokslinės literatūros leidykla.
Norwegian Nynorsk
editAlternative forms
editEtymology
editFrom Old Norse jaur. Similar to Swedish jo (dialectal Swedish jau)
Adverb
editjau
- yes, in disagreement with the last speaker's negative statement; on the contrary
- Kjem du ikkje? – Jau, eg kjem.
- Aren’t you coming? Yes, I am.
- (colloquial) yes or no; expressing doubt
Usage notes
editJa can be interpreted as an agreement with the person replied to. Jau is used instead of ja if this agreement could cause ambiguity. In the example, agreement with the person asking the question would be the opposite of a confirmation that one actually is coming. As such ja would be ambiguous. The answer jau removes the possibility of agreement with the speaker.
References
edit- “jau” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
Portuguese
editPronunciation
edit
Noun
editjau m or f by sense (plural jaus)
Further reading
edit- “jau”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2024
Romansch
editAlternative forms
editEtymology
editInherited from Late Latin eo, from Classical Latin egō̆.
Pronoun
editjau (Rumantsch Grischun)
Scanian
editPronoun
editjau
- Latvian etymologies from LEV
- Bourguignon terms inherited from Late Latin
- Bourguignon terms derived from Late Latin
- Bourguignon lemmas
- Bourguignon nouns
- Bourguignon masculine nouns
- Rhymes:Catalan/aw
- Rhymes:Catalan/aw/1 syllable
- Catalan non-lemma forms
- Catalan verb forms
- Cubeo terms with IPA pronunciation
- Cubeo lemmas
- Cubeo nouns
- Gothic non-lemma forms
- Gothic romanizations
- Latvian terms derived from Proto-Baltic
- Latvian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Latvian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Latvian words with falling intonation
- Latvian terms with audio links
- Latvian lemmas
- Latvian adverbs
- Latvian terms with usage examples
- Latvian particles
- Latvian time adverbs
- Lithuanian terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Lithuanian lemmas
- Lithuanian adverbs
- Norwegian Nynorsk terms inherited from Old Norse
- Norwegian Nynorsk terms derived from Old Norse
- Norwegian Nynorsk lemmas
- Norwegian Nynorsk adverbs
- Norwegian Nynorsk terms with usage examples
- Norwegian Nynorsk colloquialisms
- Portuguese 1-syllable words
- Portuguese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Portuguese lemmas
- Portuguese nouns
- Portuguese countable nouns
- Portuguese masculine nouns
- Portuguese feminine nouns
- Portuguese nouns with multiple genders
- Portuguese masculine and feminine nouns by sense
- pt:Nationalities
- Romansch terms derived from Proto-Italic
- Romansch terms inherited from Proto-Italic
- Romansch terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Romansch terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Romansch terms inherited from Late Latin
- Romansch terms derived from Late Latin
- Romansch terms inherited from Classical Latin
- Romansch terms derived from Classical Latin
- Romansch lemmas
- Romansch pronouns
- Rumantsch Grischun
- Scanian lemmas
- Scanian pronouns