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Pesaro: Difference between revisions

Coordinates: 43°55′N 12°54′E / 43.917°N 12.900°E / 43.917; 12.900
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| image_alt =
|image_flag=Flag of Pesaro.svg| image_caption =
|image_flag=Flag of Pesaro.svg| image_caption =
| image_shield = Coat_of_arms_of_Pesaro.svg
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| twin1 =
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| twin1_country =
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|istat=| saint = [[Terence of Pesaro|St. Terence]]
|istat=| saint = [[Terence of Pesaro|St. Terence]]
| day = September 24
| day = September 24
| postal_code = 61121, 61122
| postal_code = 61121, 61122
| area_code = 0721
| area_code = 0721
| website = {{official website|http://www.comune.pesaro.ps.it}}
| website = {{official website|https://www.comune.pesaro.pu.it}}
| footnotes =
| footnotes =
}}
}}
[[File:Palazzo Ducale di sera.jpg|thumb|[[Ducal Palace of Pesaro|Palazzo Ducale]].]]
[[File:2005 0728Image0027.JPG|Rocca Costanza|thumb]]
[[File:Pesaro, musei civici, entrata.JPG|Musei Civici (civic museums).|thumb]]
'''Pesaro''' ({{IPA-it|ˈpeːzaro|lang|It-Pesaro.ogg}}; {{lang-rgn|Pés're}}) is a city and {{lang|it|[[comune]]}} (municipality) in the [[Italy|Italian]] region of [[Marche]], capital of the [[Province of Pesaro e Urbino]], on the [[Adriatic Sea]]. According to the 2011 census, its population was 95,011, making it the second most populous city in the Marche, after [[Ancona]]. Pesaro was dubbed the "Cycling City" ({{lang|it|Città della bicicletta}}) by the Italian environmentalist association [[Legambiente]] in recognition of its extensive network of bicycle paths and promotion of cycling. It is also known as "City of Music" ({{lang|it|Città della musica}}), for it is the birthplace of the composer [[Gioacchino Rossini]]. In 2015 the Italian Government applied for Pesaro to be declared a "Creative City" in [[UNESCO]]'s [[World Heritage Site]]s. In 2017 Pesaro received the European City of Sport award together with [[Aosta]], [[Cagliari]] and [[Vicenza]].


[[File:Palazzo Ducale di sera.jpg|thumb|[[Ducal Palace of Pesaro|Palazzo Ducale]]]]
Local industries include fishing, furniture making and tourism.
[[File:2005 0728Image0027.JPG|Rocca Costanza|thumb]]
[[File:Pesaro, musei civici, entrata.JPG|Musei Civici|thumb]]
'''Pesaro''' ({{IPA-it|ˈpeːzaro|lang|It-Pesaro.ogg}}; {{lang-rgn|Pés're}}) is a {{lang|it|[[comune]]}} (municipality) in the [[Italy|Italian]] region of [[Marche]], capital of the [[province of Pesaro and Urbino]], on the [[Adriatic Sea]]. According to the 2011 census, its population was 95,011, making it the second most populous city in the Marche, after [[Ancona]]. Pesaro was dubbed the "Cycling City" ({{lang|it|città della bicicletta}}) by the Italian environmentalist association [[Legambiente]] in recognition of its extensive network of bicycle paths and promotion of cycling. It is also known as "City of Music" ({{lang|it|città della musica}}), for it is the birthplace of the composer [[Gioachino Rossini]]. In 2015 the Italian Government applied for Pesaro to be declared a "Creative City" in [[UNESCO]]'s [[World Heritage Site]]s. In 2017 Pesaro received the European City of Sport award together with [[Aosta]], [[Cagliari]] and [[Vicenza]].


In 2020 it absorbed the former {{lang|it|comune}} of [[Monteciccardo]], now a {{lang|it|frazione}} of Pesaro.
Local industries include fishing, furniture making and tourism. In 2020 it absorbed the former {{lang|it|comune}} of [[Monteciccardo]], now a ''[[frazione]]'' of Pesaro. Its ''frazione'' of Fiorenzuola di Focara is one of [[I Borghi più belli d'Italia]] ("The most beautiful villages of Italy").<ref>{{cite web|url=https://borghipiubelliditalia.it/marche/|title=Marche|access-date=1 August 2023|language=it}}</ref>


==History==
==History==
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Under the Roman administration Pesaro, a hub across the [[Via Flaminia]], became an important centre of trading and craftmanship.{{cn|date=December 2022}} After the fall of the [[Western Roman Empire|Western Empire]], Pesaro was occupied by the [[Ostrogoths]], and destroyed by [[Vitigis]] (539) in the course of the [[Gothic Wars (6th century)|Gothic War]]. Hastily rebuilt five years later after the Byzantine reconquest, it formed the so-called [[Pentapolis]], part of the [[Exarchate of Ravenna]]. After the Lombard and Frankish conquests of that city, Pesaro became part of the [[Papal States]].
Under the Roman administration Pesaro, a hub across the [[Via Flaminia]], became an important centre of trading and craftmanship.{{cn|date=December 2022}} After the fall of the [[Western Roman Empire|Western Empire]], Pesaro was occupied by the [[Ostrogoths]], and destroyed by [[Vitigis]] (539) in the course of the [[Gothic Wars (6th century)|Gothic War]]. Hastily rebuilt five years later after the Byzantine reconquest, it formed the so-called [[Pentapolis]], part of the [[Exarchate of Ravenna]]. After the Lombard and Frankish conquests of that city, Pesaro became part of the [[Papal States]].


During the [[Renaissance]] it was ruled successively by the houses of [[House of Montefeltro|Montefeltro]] (1285–1445), [[Sforza]] (1445–1512) and [[Della Rovere]] (1513–1631). Under the last family, who selected it as capital of their duchy, Pesaro saw its most flourishing age, with the construction of numerous public and private palaces, and the erection of a new line of walls (the Mura Roveresche). In 1475, a legendary wedding took place in Pesaro, when [[Costanzo I Sforza|Costanzo Sforza]] and [[Camilla d'Aragona]] married.<ref>A Renaissance Wedding: The Celebrations at Pesaro for the Marriage of Costanzo Sforza & Camilla Marzano D'Aragona (26–30 May 1475): (Studies in Medieval and Early Renaissance Art History). Harvey Miller Publ., 2013, {{ISBN|978-1905375936}}</ref>
During the [[Renaissance]] it was ruled successively by the houses of [[House of Montefeltro|Montefeltro]] (1285–1445), [[Sforza]] (1445–1512) and [[Della Rovere]] (1513–1631). Under the last family, who selected it as capital of their duchy, Pesaro saw its most flourishing age, with the construction of numerous public and private palaces,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Oggioni |first=Paolo |date=2024-01-22 |title=Cosa vedere a Pesaro, la capitale italiana della cultura 2024 |url=https://www.lintellettualedissidente.it/cultura/cosa-vedere-a-pesaro-la-capitale-italiana-della-cultura-2024/ |access-date=2024-05-10 |website=L'Intellettuale Dissidente |language=it-IT}}</ref> and the erection of a new line of walls (the Mura Roveresche). In 1475, a legendary wedding took place in Pesaro, when [[Costanzo I Sforza|Costanzo Sforza]] and [[Camilla d'Aragona]] married.<ref>A Renaissance Wedding: The Celebrations at Pesaro for the Marriage of Costanzo Sforza & Camilla Marzano D'Aragona (26–30 May 1475): (Studies in Medieval and Early Renaissance Art History). Harvey Miller Publ., 2013, {{ISBN|978-1905375936}}</ref>


On 11 September 1860 [[Piedmont]]ese troops entered the city, and Pesaro was subsequently annexed to the new [[unification of Italy|Kingdom of Italy]] (see also [[Battle of Castelfidardo]]).
On 11 September 1860 [[Piedmont]]ese troops entered the city, and Pesaro was subsequently annexed to the new [[unification of Italy|Kingdom of Italy]] (see also [[Battle of Castelfidardo]]).

Pesaro was significantly damaged in the [[1916 Rimini earthquakes]].<ref name=":11">{{Cite web |date=27 October 2016 |title=Storia del Terremoto a Rimini |trans-title=History of the earthquake in Rimini |url=https://www.romagnazone.it/storia-di-rimini/storia-del-terremoto-a-rimini.html |access-date=4 January 2024 |website=RomagnaZone |language=it-IT}}</ref> Its historic centre was abandoned after the 16 August earthquake, leaving 14,000 displaced people crowded into 2,000 tents.<ref name=":9">{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=7 December 2023 |title=8 dicembre 1916 - Legge speciale per Rimini distrutta dal terremoto |trans-title=8 December 1916 – Special law for Rimini destroyed by the earthquake |url=https://www.chiamamicitta.it/8-dicembre-1916-legge-speciale-per-rimini-distrutta-dal-terremoto/ |access-date=4 January 2024 |website=Chiamami Città |language=it-IT}}</ref> Many villages in its hinterland also suffered collapsed buildings.<ref name=":5">{{Cite web |date=28 July 2004 |title=Terremoto del 17.05.1916, Alto Adriatico (Rimini) |trans-title=Earthquake of 17 May 1916, High Adriatic (Rimini) |url=https://www.lavalledelmetauro.it/contenuti/opere-specialistiche/scheda/296.html |access-date=4 January 2024 |website=www.lavalledelmetauro.it}}</ref>


==Government==
==Government==
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==Main sights==
==Main sights==
{{Prose|date=June 2023}}

===Buildings and museums===
===Buildings and museums===
* [[Ducal Palace of Pesaro|Ducal Palace]] (15th century): Commissioned by [[Alessandro Sforza]], the façade has a portico with six arcades supported by six heavy pilasters and an upper floor with five windows crowned by coats of arms, [[festoon]]s and [[putto]]es.
* [[Ducal Palace of Pesaro|Ducal Palace]] (15th century): commissioned by [[Alessandro Sforza]], the façade has a portico with six arcades supported by six heavy pilasters and an upper floor with five windows crowned by coats of arms, [[festoon]]s and [[putto]]es.
* [[Rocca Costanza]] (15th century): Massive castle built by [[Costanzo I Sforza]]; it has a square plan with four cylindrical corner towers and a wide dry moat. Later used as prison.
* [[Rocca Costanza]] (15th century): massive castle built by [[Costanzo I Sforza]]; it has a square plan with four cylindrical corner towers and a wide dry moat. Later used as prison.
* [[Villa Imperiale of Pesaro]] (c. 1530): Suburban palace with gardens designed by [[Girolamo Genga]] for Duke Francesco Maria Della Rovere and his duchess Eleanora<ref>Andrew Hopkins, 2002. ''Italian Architecture from Michelangelo to Borromini'', p.23f.</ref> and built from c. 1530 onwards, stands atop the San Bartolo hill. Its sunken court is the direct precedent for the more famous one at the Roman [[Villa Giulia]].<ref>Hopkins 2002 p 24.</ref> Rooms are frescoed by prominent [[Mannerism|Mannerist]] painters [[Bronzino]], [[Francesco Menzocchi]], [[Girolamo Genga]], and [[Raffaellino del Colle]].
* [[Villa Imperiale of Pesaro]] ({{circa|1530}}): suburban palace with gardens designed by [[Girolamo Genga]] for Duke Francesco Maria Della Rovere and his duchess Eleanora<ref>Andrew Hopkins, 2002. ''Italian Architecture from Michelangelo to Borromini'', p.23f.</ref> and built from {{circa|1530}} onwards, stands atop the San Bartolo hill. Its sunken court is the direct precedent for the more famous one at the Roman [[Villa Giulia]].<ref>Hopkins 2002 p 24.</ref> Rooms are frescoed by prominent [[Mannerism|Mannerist]] painters [[Bronzino]], [[Francesco Menzocchi]], [[Girolamo Genga]], and [[Raffaellino del Colle]].
* [[Mura Roveresche]] (17th century): "Della Rovere Walls", demolished in the early 20th century), only two gates, ''Porta del Ponte'' and ''Porta Rimini'', and a short section remain.
* [[Mura Roveresche]] (17th century): "Della Rovere Walls", demolished in the early 20th century), only two gates, ''Porta del Ponte'' and ''Porta Rimini'', and a short section remain.
* Birthplace of [[Gioachino Rossini]]: Now a museum dedicated to the composer, located at 34 Via Rossini. It has a museum with manifestos, prints, portraits and his [[spinet]].
* Birthplace of [[Gioachino Rossini]]: now a museum dedicated to the composer, located at 34 Via Rossini. It has a museum with manifestos, prints, portraits and his [[spinet]]. Also some of his papers are on display at the Biblioteca della Fondazione Rossini housed in the [[Palazzo Montani Antaldi, Pesaro|Palazzo Montani Antaldi]].
* [[Conservatorio Statale di Musica Gioachino Rossini]]: Located in the 18th century Palazzo Olivieri–Machirelli on the Piazza Oliveri.
* [[Conservatorio Statale di Musica Gioachino Rossini]]: located in the 18th century Palazzo Olivieri–Machirelli on the Piazza Oliveri.
* [[Musei Civici di Palazzo Mosca]]: Civic museum which contains mainly paintings and ceramics. Among the art is the ''Pesaro Altarpiece'' by [[Giambellino|Giovanni Bellini]].
* [[Musei Civici di Palazzo Mosca]]: civic museum which contains mainly paintings and ceramics. Among the art is the ''Pesaro Altarpiece'' by [[Giambellino|Giovanni Bellini]].
* [[Oliveriano Archeologic Museum]] and [[Oliveriana Library]]:<ref>''Oliveriano Museum'' http://www.euromuse.net/en/museums/museum/view-m/museo-archeologico-oliveriano</ref> Archaeological Collection and Manuscript Library; founded in 1756 by [[Annibale degli Abati Olivieri]].
* [[Oliveriano Archeologic Museum]] and [[Oliveriana Library]]:<ref>''Oliveriano Museum'' http://www.euromuse.net/en/museums/museum/view-m/museo-archeologico-oliveriano</ref> archaeological Collection and Manuscript Library; founded in 1756 by [[Annibale degli Abati Olivieri]].
* [[Ruggeri House|Villino Ruggeri]]: notable early 20th century art nouveau home, designed by Giuseppe Brega.
* [[Ruggeri House|Villino Ruggeri]]: notable early 20th century art nouveau home, designed by Giuseppe Brega.


===Churches and other religious buildings===
===Churches and other religious buildings===
*[[Pesaro Cathedral]] (5th-14th centuries) Romanesque-Gothic Basilica built over remains of a late Roman edifice and dedicated to St Terence during the Middle Ages. The façade, in Romanesque-Gothic style, is unfinished: it has a simple [[ogive|ogival]] portal surmounted by a band of small arches. A recent restoration has brought to light floor [[mosaic]]s.
*[[Pesaro Cathedral]] (5th-14th centuries): Romanesque-Gothic Basilica built over remains of a late Roman edifice and dedicated to St Terence during the Middle Ages. The façade, in Romanesque-Gothic style, is unfinished: it has a simple [[ogive|ogival]] portal surmounted by a band of small arches. A recent restoration has brought to light floor [[mosaic]]s.
*The Baroque Sanctuary of Beata Vergine del Carmelo (18th century).
*The Baroque Sanctuary of Beata Vergine del Carmelo (18th century).
*[[Church of the Maternità, Pesaro|Church of the Maternità]]
*[[Church of the Maternità, Pesaro|Church of the Maternità]]
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</gallery>
</gallery>
{{center|Carnival of Pesaro}}
{{center|Carnival of Pesaro}}
*The Pesaro film festival ([[Mostra Internazionale del Nuovo Cinema]]) has taken place in Pesaro since 1965.<ref name="pff">{{cite web|url=http://www.pesarofilmfest.it|title=Pesaro film festival site}}</ref>
The Pesaro film festival ([[Mostra Internazionale del Nuovo Cinema]]) has taken place in Pesaro since 1965.<ref name="pff">{{cite web|url=http://www.pesarofilmfest.it|title=Pesaro film festival site}}</ref>
*[[Rossini Opera Festival]] has taken place every summer since 1980 in Pesaro, home as well as the [[Conservatorio Statale di Musica "Gioachino Rossini"]] founded with a legacy from the composer.
*Pesaro hosts the home games of [[Victoria Libertas Pesaro|Victoria Libertas]] [[basketball]] team, better known across Europe as ''Scavolini Pesaro''.
* [[Adriatic Arena]]: third biggest Italian indoor arena behind [[Mediolanum Forum]] in [[Milan]] and [[PalaLottomatica]] in [[Rome]].


The [[Rossini Opera Festival]] has taken place every summer since 1980 in Pesaro, home as well as the [[Conservatorio Statale di Musica "Gioachino Rossini"]] founded with a legacy from the composer.
==Notable people==

==Sport==
Pesaro hosts the home games of [[U.S. Victoria Libertas Pallacanestro|Victoria Libertas]] [[basketball]]; they play at the [[Vitrifrigo Arena|Adriatic Arena]], the third biggest Italian indoor arena behind [[Mediolanum Forum]] in [[Milan]] and [[PalaLottomatica]] in [[Rome]].

The city's other professional sports clubs are [[futsal]] club [[Pesaro Calcio a 5]], volleyball club [[Volley Pesaro]] and [[association football|football]] club [[Vis Pesaro dal 1898]].

The city hosted the [[2017 Rhythmic Gymnastics World Championships]].

==People==
<!---♦♦♦ Only add a person to this list if they already have their own article on the English Wikipedia ♦♦♦--->
<!---♦♦♦ Only add a person to this list if they already have their own article on the English Wikipedia ♦♦♦--->
<!---♦♦♦ Please keep the list in alphabetical order by LAST NAME ♦♦♦--->
<!---♦♦♦ Please keep the list in alphabetical order by LAST NAME ♦♦♦--->
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* [[Antonello Bonci]], neuroscientist
* [[Antonello Bonci]], neuroscientist
* [[Francesco Braschi]] (born 2004), racing driver
* [[Francesco Braschi]] (born 2004), racing driver
* [[Roberto Burioni]], physician and professor of microbiology and virology
* [[Roberto Burioni]] (born 1962), physician and professor of microbiology and virology
* [[Bartolomeo Campi]] (died 1573), artist and military engineer
* [[Stefano Gabellini]] (born 1965), racing driver
* [[Stefano Gabellini]] (born 1965), racing driver
* [[Matilde Leonardi]], neurologist and paediatrician
* [[Matilde Leonardi]], neurologist and paediatrician
* [[Filippo Magnini]] (born 1982), swimmer
* [[Filippo Magnini]] (born 1982), swimmer
* [[Gianni Morbidelli]], [[Formula One]] driver
* [[Gianni Morbidelli]] (born 1968), [[Formula One|Formula 1]] driver
* [[Cristiano Mozzati]], drummer for [[Lacuna Coil]]
* [[Lacuna Coil|Cristiano Mozzati]], drummer for [[Lacuna Coil]]
* [[Luca Nardi]], professional tennis player
* [[Luca Nardi]] (born 2003), professional tennis player
* [[Riz Ortolani]] (1926–2014), film composer
* [[Riz Ortolani]] (1926–2014), film composer
* [[Angelo Romani]] (1934–2003), Olympic swimmer
* [[Angelo Romani]] (1934–2003), Olympic swimmer
* [[Graziano Rossi]] (born 1954), motorcycle racer and father of [[Valentino Rossi]]
* [[Graziano Rossi]] (born 1954), motorcycle racer, father of [[Valentino Rossi]]
* [[Gioachino Rossini|Gioachino Antonio Rossini]] (1792–1868), composer
* [[Gioachino Rossini|Gioachino Antonio Rossini]] (1792–1868), composer
* [[Dorino Serafini]] (1909–2000), motorcycle racer and racing driver
* [[Giovanni Sforza]], condottiero and first husband of [[Lucrezia Borgia]]
* [[Giovanni Sforza]] (1466–1510), ''[[condottiero]]'' and first husband of [[Lucrezia Borgia]]
* [[Renata Tebaldi]], operatic soprano
* [[Giuseppe Vaccai]] (1836-1912), painter
* [[Renata Tebaldi]] (1922–2004), operatic [[soprano]]
* [[Giuseppe Vaccai]] (1836–1912), painter
* [[Gaius Suetonius Paulinus]] (~40 AD), Roman General and Governor of Britain


==International relations==
==International relations==
{{See also|List of twin towns and sister cities in Italy}}


===Twin towns – sister cities===
===Twin towns – sister cities===
{{See also|List of twin towns and sister cities in Italy}}
Pesaro is [[Twin towns and sister cities|twinned]] with:<ref>{{cite web |title=Pesaro|url=https://www.italien.de/staedte/pesaro|website=italien.de|publisher=Italien.de|language=de|access-date=2019-12-22}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Pesaro|url=http://www.primaria-resita.ro/portal/cs/resita/portal.nsf/AllByUNID/pesaro-0000476a?OpenDocument|website=primaria-resita.ro|publisher=Reșița|language=ro|access-date=2019-12-22}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Si rafforza il gemellaggio Pesaro-Kakegawa. Cerimonia del tè verde con la delegazione giapponese guidata dal sindaco Saburo Matsui|url=http://www.pu24.it/2019/11/15/si-rafforza-gemellaggio-pesaro-kakegawa-cerimonia-del-verde-la-delegazione-giapponese-guidata-dal-sindaco-saburo-matsui/287055/|website=pu24.it|publisher=PU24|language=it|date=2019-11-15|access-date=2019-12-22}}</ref>
Pesaro is [[Sister city|twinned]] with:<ref>{{cite web |title=Pesaro|url=https://www.italien.de/staedte/pesaro|website=italien.de|publisher=Italien.de|language=de|access-date=2019-12-22}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Pesaro|url=http://www.primaria-resita.ro/portal/cs/resita/portal.nsf/AllByUNID/pesaro-0000476a?OpenDocument|website=primaria-resita.ro|publisher=Reșița|language=ro|access-date=2019-12-22}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Si rafforza il gemellaggio Pesaro-Kakegawa. Cerimonia del tè verde con la delegazione giapponese guidata dal sindaco Saburo Matsui|url=http://www.pu24.it/2019/11/15/si-rafforza-gemellaggio-pesaro-kakegawa-cerimonia-del-verde-la-delegazione-giapponese-guidata-dal-sindaco-saburo-matsui/287055/|website=pu24.it|publisher=PU24|language=it|date=2019-11-15|access-date=2019-12-22}}</ref>
{{div col|colwidth=20em}}
{{div col|colwidth=20em}}
*{{flagicon|FRA}} [[Nanterre]], France
*{{flagicon|FRA}} [[Nanterre]], France
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===Partnership===
===Partnership===
*{{flagicon|CRO}} [[Rovinj]], Croatia<ref>{{cite web |title=Collaborazione internazionale|url=https://www.rovinj-rovigno.hr/it/o-rovinju/medunarodna-suradnja/|website=rovinj-rovigno.hr|publisher=Rovinj|language=it|access-date=2019-12-22}}</ref>
*{{flagicon|CRO}} [[Rovinj]], Croatia<ref>{{cite web |title=Collaborazione internazionale|url=https://www.rovinj-rovigno.hr/it/o-rovinju/medunarodna-suradnja/|website=rovinj-rovigno.hr|publisher=Rovinj|language=it|access-date=2019-12-22}}</ref>

==Climate==

{{Weather box|width=auto
|metric first=y
|single line=y
|collapsed = Y
|location = Pesaro (1998–2017)
|Jan record high C = 19.0
|Feb record high C = 20.5
|Mar record high C = 25.2
|Apr record high C = 29.4
|May record high C = 33.4
|Jun record high C = 37.4
|Jul record high C = 38.1
|Aug record high C = 38.4
|Sep record high C = 36.4
|Oct record high C = 28.0
|Nov record high C = 25.0
|Dec record high C = 21.8
|Jan record low C = -7.2
|Feb record low C = -12.8
|Mar record low C = -5.2
|Apr record low C = -1.4
|May record low C = 4.6
|Jun record low C = 7.0
|Jul record low C = 11.2
|Aug record low C = 11.2
|Sep record low C = 6.2
|Oct record low C = 3.0
|Nov record low C = -2.4
|Dec record low C = -9.2
|Jan high C = 8.2
|Feb high C = 9.9
|Mar high C = 14.0
|Apr high C = 17.4
|May high C = 22.4
|Jun high C = 26.7
|Jul high C = 29.3
|Aug high C = 29.1
|Sep high C = 24.4
|Oct high C = 19.1
|Nov high C = 13.4
|Dec high C = 9.1
| year high C =
|Jan mean C = 4.9
|Feb mean C = 6.0
|Mar mean C = 9.7
|Apr mean C = 13.3
|May mean C = 18.2
|Jun mean C = 22.5
|Jul mean C = 24.9
|Aug mean C = 24.5
|Sep mean C = 19.8
|Oct mean C = 15.3
|Nov mean C = 10.2
|Dec mean C = 5.9
| year mean C =
|Jan low C = 2.2
|Feb low C = 2.7
|Mar low C = 5.8
|Apr low C = 8.9
|May low C = 13.2
|Jun low C = 17.2
|Jul low C = 19.5
|Aug low C = 19.4
|Sep low C = 15.5
|Oct low C = 12.0
|Nov low C = 7.5
|Dec low C = 3.3
| year low C =
|precipitation colour = green
|Jan precipitation mm = 54.6
|Feb precipitation mm = 60.1
|Mar precipitation mm = 69.2
|Apr precipitation mm = 69.0
|May precipitation mm = 54.6
|Jun precipitation mm = 61.4
|Jul precipitation mm = 45.5
|Aug precipitation mm = 57.3
|Sep precipitation mm = 97.2
|Oct precipitation mm = 85.4
|Nov precipitation mm = 93.8
|Dec precipitation mm = 78.1
| Jan humidity = 80
| Feb humidity = 75
| Mar humidity = 70
| Apr humidity = 70
| May humidity = 66
| Jun humidity = 62
| Jul humidity = 60
| Aug humidity = 64
| Sep humidity = 71
| Oct humidity = 80
| Nov humidity = 82
| Dec humidity = 80
| year humidity =
| source 1 = COMUNE di PESARO<ref name=Clim>{{cite web
| url = https://www.comune.pesaro.pu.it/fileadmin/user_upload/COMUNE_PESARO/AREE_TEMATICHE/AMBIENTE/Pagine/Report_meteorologici/Dati_storici/medie_climatiche_1988-2017.pdf
| title = Valori normali del clima di Pesaro (1988 - 2017) (per i dati del vento 1998 - 2017)
| publisher= COMUNE di PESARO
| access-date = 28 June 2024}}</ref>
}}


==See also==
==See also==
{{portal|Italy}}
{{Commons|Pesaro}}
{{Portal|Italy|European Union|Cities}}
*[[Pesaro railway station]]
*[[Alessandro Sforza]]
* [[Pesaro railway station]]
*[[Lucus Pisaurensis]]
* [[Alessandro Sforza]]
* [[Lucus Pisaurensis]]
*[[Votive Stones of Pesaro]]
* [[Votive Stones of Pesaro]]
*[[Costanzo I Sforza|Costanzo Sforza]]
* [[Costanzo I Sforza|Costanzo Sforza]]
*[[Romagna]]
*[[Pesaro Angels]]
* [[Romagna]]
{{commons|Pesaro}}
* [[Pesaro Angels]]
* [[Palazzo Baldassini, Pesaro]]


==References==
==References==
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==External links==
==External links==
{{Wikisource1911Enc|Pesaro}}
{{Wikisource1911Enc|Pesaro}}
*[http://www.comune.pesaro.ps.it/ Official website]
*[https://www.comune.pesaro.pu.it/ Official website]




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[[Category:Populated places established in the 2nd century BC]]
[[Category:Populated places established in the 2nd century BC]]
[[Category:Castles in Italy]]
[[Category:Castles in Italy]]
[[Category:Borghi più belli d'Italia]]

Latest revision as of 10:11, 28 June 2024

Pesaro
Pés're (Romagnol)
Comune
Città di Pesaro
Flag of Pesaro
Flag
Coat of arms of Pesaro
Coat of arms
Location of Pesaro
Map
Pesaro is located in Italy
Pesaro
Pesaro
Location of Pesaro in Italy
Pesaro is located in Marche
Pesaro
Pesaro
Pesaro (Marche)
Coordinates: 43°55′N 12°54′E / 43.917°N 12.900°E / 43.917; 12.900
CountryItaly
RegionMarche
ProvincePesaro e Urbino (PU)
FrazioniBorgo Santa Maria, Candelara, Case Bruciate, Casteldimezzo, Cattabrighe, Chiusa di Ginestreto, Colombarone, Fiorenzuola di Focara, Ginestreto, Monteciccardo, Novilara, Ponte Valle, Pozzo Alto, Santa Maria dell'Arzilla, Santa Marina Alta, Santa Veneranda, Trebbiantico, TrePonti, Villa Ceccolini, Villa Fastiggi, Villa San Martin
Government
 • MayorMatteo Ricci (PD)
Area
[1]
 • Total126.77 km2 (48.95 sq mi)
Elevation
11 m (36 ft)
Population
 (21 October 2011)[2]
 • Total95,000
 • Density750/km2 (1,900/sq mi)
DemonymPesaresi
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code
61121, 61122
Dialing code0721
Patron saintSt. Terence
Saint daySeptember 24
WebsiteOfficial website
Palazzo Ducale
Rocca Costanza
Musei Civici

Pesaro (Italian: [ˈpeːzaro] ⓘ; Romagnol: Pés're) is a comune (municipality) in the Italian region of Marche, capital of the province of Pesaro and Urbino, on the Adriatic Sea. According to the 2011 census, its population was 95,011, making it the second most populous city in the Marche, after Ancona. Pesaro was dubbed the "Cycling City" (città della bicicletta) by the Italian environmentalist association Legambiente in recognition of its extensive network of bicycle paths and promotion of cycling. It is also known as "City of Music" (città della musica), for it is the birthplace of the composer Gioachino Rossini. In 2015 the Italian Government applied for Pesaro to be declared a "Creative City" in UNESCO's World Heritage Sites. In 2017 Pesaro received the European City of Sport award together with Aosta, Cagliari and Vicenza.

Local industries include fishing, furniture making and tourism. In 2020 it absorbed the former comune of Monteciccardo, now a frazione of Pesaro. Its frazione of Fiorenzuola di Focara is one of I Borghi più belli d'Italia ("The most beautiful villages of Italy").[3]

History

[edit]

The city was established as Pisaurum by the Romans in 184 BC as a colony in the territory of the Picentes, the people who lived along the northeast coast during the Iron Age.[4][better source needed] In 1737, fourteen ancient votive stones were unearthed in a local farm field, each bearing the inscription of a Roman god; these were written in a pre-Etruscan script, indicating a much earlier occupation of the area than the 184 BC Picentes colony.[4]

A settlement of the Picentes tribe has been found at Novilara. The northern Picentes were invaded in the 4th century BC by the Gallic Senones, earlier by the Etruscans, and when the Romans reached the area the population was an ethnic mixture. The Roman separated and expelled the Gauls from the country.

Under the Roman administration Pesaro, a hub across the Via Flaminia, became an important centre of trading and craftmanship.[citation needed] After the fall of the Western Empire, Pesaro was occupied by the Ostrogoths, and destroyed by Vitigis (539) in the course of the Gothic War. Hastily rebuilt five years later after the Byzantine reconquest, it formed the so-called Pentapolis, part of the Exarchate of Ravenna. After the Lombard and Frankish conquests of that city, Pesaro became part of the Papal States.

During the Renaissance it was ruled successively by the houses of Montefeltro (1285–1445), Sforza (1445–1512) and Della Rovere (1513–1631). Under the last family, who selected it as capital of their duchy, Pesaro saw its most flourishing age, with the construction of numerous public and private palaces,[5] and the erection of a new line of walls (the Mura Roveresche). In 1475, a legendary wedding took place in Pesaro, when Costanzo Sforza and Camilla d'Aragona married.[6]

On 11 September 1860 Piedmontese troops entered the city, and Pesaro was subsequently annexed to the new Kingdom of Italy (see also Battle of Castelfidardo).

Pesaro was significantly damaged in the 1916 Rimini earthquakes.[7] Its historic centre was abandoned after the 16 August earthquake, leaving 14,000 displaced people crowded into 2,000 tents.[8] Many villages in its hinterland also suffered collapsed buildings.[9]

Government

[edit]
See also: List of mayors of Pesaro

Main sights

[edit]

Buildings and museums

[edit]

Churches and other religious buildings

[edit]

Cultural events and attractions

[edit]
Carnival of Pesaro

The Pesaro film festival (Mostra Internazionale del Nuovo Cinema) has taken place in Pesaro since 1965.[13]

The Rossini Opera Festival has taken place every summer since 1980 in Pesaro, home as well as the Conservatorio Statale di Musica "Gioachino Rossini" founded with a legacy from the composer.

Sport

[edit]

Pesaro hosts the home games of Victoria Libertas basketball; they play at the Adriatic Arena, the third biggest Italian indoor arena behind Mediolanum Forum in Milan and PalaLottomatica in Rome.

The city's other professional sports clubs are futsal club Pesaro Calcio a 5, volleyball club Volley Pesaro and football club Vis Pesaro dal 1898.

The city hosted the 2017 Rhythmic Gymnastics World Championships.

People

[edit]

International relations

[edit]

Twin towns – sister cities

[edit]
See also: List of twin towns and sister cities in Italy

Pesaro is twinned with:[14][15][16]

Partnership

[edit]

Climate

[edit]
Climate data for Pesaro (1998–2017)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 19.0
(66.2) 		20.5
(68.9) 		25.2
(77.4) 		29.4
(84.9) 		33.4
(92.1) 		37.4
(99.3) 		38.1
(100.6) 		38.4
(101.1) 		36.4
(97.5) 		28.0
(82.4) 		25.0
(77.0) 		21.8
(71.2) 		38.4
(101.1)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 8.2
(46.8) 		9.9
(49.8) 		14.0
(57.2) 		17.4
(63.3) 		22.4
(72.3) 		26.7
(80.1) 		29.3
(84.7) 		29.1
(84.4) 		24.4
(75.9) 		19.1
(66.4) 		13.4
(56.1) 		9.1
(48.4) 		18.6
(65.5)
Daily mean °C (°F) 4.9
(40.8) 		6.0
(42.8) 		9.7
(49.5) 		13.3
(55.9) 		18.2
(64.8) 		22.5
(72.5) 		24.9
(76.8) 		24.5
(76.1) 		19.8
(67.6) 		15.3
(59.5) 		10.2
(50.4) 		5.9
(42.6) 		14.6
(58.3)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 2.2
(36.0) 		2.7
(36.9) 		5.8
(42.4) 		8.9
(48.0) 		13.2
(55.8) 		17.2
(63.0) 		19.5
(67.1) 		19.4
(66.9) 		15.5
(59.9) 		12.0
(53.6) 		7.5
(45.5) 		3.3
(37.9) 		10.6
(51.1)
Record low °C (°F) −7.2
(19.0) 		−12.8
(9.0) 		−5.2
(22.6) 		−1.4
(29.5) 		4.6
(40.3) 		7.0
(44.6) 		11.2
(52.2) 		11.2
(52.2) 		6.2
(43.2) 		3.0
(37.4) 		−2.4
(27.7) 		−9.2
(15.4) 		−12.8
(9.0)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 54.6
(2.15) 		60.1
(2.37) 		69.2
(2.72) 		69.0
(2.72) 		54.6
(2.15) 		61.4
(2.42) 		45.5
(1.79) 		57.3
(2.26) 		97.2
(3.83) 		85.4
(3.36) 		93.8
(3.69) 		78.1
(3.07) 		826.2
(32.53)
Average relative humidity (%) 80 75 70 70 66 62 60 64 71 80 82 80 72
Source: COMUNE di PESARO[18]

See also

[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Pesaro.

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Superficie di Comuni Province e Regioni italiane al 9 ottobre 2011". Italian National Institute of Statistics. Retrieved 16 March 2019.
  2. ^ "Popolazione Residente al 1° Gennaio 2018". Italian National Institute of Statistics. Retrieved 16 March 2019.
  3. ^ "Marche" (in Italian). Retrieved 1 August 2023.
  4. ^ a b "History of Pesaro, Italy".
  5. ^ Oggioni, Paolo (2024-01-22). "Cosa vedere a Pesaro, la capitale italiana della cultura 2024". L'Intellettuale Dissidente (in Italian). Retrieved 2024-05-10.
  6. ^ A Renaissance Wedding: The Celebrations at Pesaro for the Marriage of Costanzo Sforza & Camilla Marzano D'Aragona (26–30 May 1475): (Studies in Medieval and Early Renaissance Art History). Harvey Miller Publ., 2013, ISBN 978-1905375936
  7. ^ "Storia del Terremoto a Rimini" [History of the earthquake in Rimini]. RomagnaZone (in Italian). 27 October 2016. Retrieved 4 January 2024.
  8. ^ "8 dicembre 1916 - Legge speciale per Rimini distrutta dal terremoto" [8 December 1916 – Special law for Rimini destroyed by the earthquake]. Chiamami Città (in Italian). 7 December 2023. Retrieved 4 January 2024.
  9. ^ "Terremoto del 17.05.1916, Alto Adriatico (Rimini)" [Earthquake of 17 May 1916, High Adriatic (Rimini)]. www.lavalledelmetauro.it. 28 July 2004. Retrieved 4 January 2024.
  10. ^ Andrew Hopkins, 2002. Italian Architecture from Michelangelo to Borromini, p.23f.
  11. ^ Hopkins 2002 p 24.
  12. ^ Oliveriano Museum http://www.euromuse.net/en/museums/museum/view-m/museo-archeologico-oliveriano
  13. ^ "Pesaro film festival site".
  14. ^ "Pesaro". italien.de (in German). Italien.de. Retrieved 2019-12-22.
  15. ^ "Pesaro". primaria-resita.ro (in Romanian). Reșița. Retrieved 2019-12-22.
  16. ^ "Si rafforza il gemellaggio Pesaro-Kakegawa. Cerimonia del tè verde con la delegazione giapponese guidata dal sindaco Saburo Matsui". pu24.it (in Italian). PU24. 2019-11-15. Retrieved 2019-12-22.
  17. ^ "Collaborazione internazionale". rovinj-rovigno.hr (in Italian). Rovinj. Retrieved 2019-12-22.
  18. ^ "Valori normali del clima di Pesaro (1988 - 2017) (per i dati del vento 1998 - 2017)" (PDF). COMUNE di PESARO. Retrieved 28 June 2024.
[edit]
Wikisource has the text of the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica article "Pesaro".


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