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Heroes of the Eastern Skies

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Heroes of the Eastern Skies
poster
Chinese name
Traditional Chinese筧かけい橋きょう英えい烈れつ傳でん
Simplified Chinese笕桥英えい烈れつ传
Directed byChang Tseng-tse
Written byHo Hsiao-chung
StarringLiang Hsiu-Shen
Lee Ching
CinematographyLin Hung-tsung
Edited byWang Chi-yang
Production
company
Central Motion Pictures Corporation
Release date
  • 7 July 1977 (1977-07-07)
Running time
100 minutes
CountriesTaiwan, R.O.C.
LanguagesMandarin
Japanese

Heroes of the Eastern Skies (Chinese: 筧かけい橋きょう英えい烈れつ傳でん; pinyin: jianqiao yinglie zhuan; lit. 'Heroic Martyrs of Jianqiao'), is a Chinese war drama filmed in Taiwan, R.O.C. and based on the true story of a small group of Chinese flying aces in 1937 at the beginning of the Second Sino-Japanese War, specifically depicting events in the Battle of Shanghai, Battle of Nanking and the Battle of Taierzhuang; the movie was released on 7 July 1977 in commemoration of the 7/7 Incident which sparked the start World War II in Asia.[1]

The movie recounts the combat actions between the Chinese Air Force and the invading air power of Imperial Japan with the flashpoint of the airwar set at Jianqiao Airbase, It won 6 awards at the 14th Golden Horse Awards, including Best Film and Best Director (Chang Tseng-tse).

Cast[edit]

  • Liang Hsiu-shen as Colonel Gao Zhihang (died 21 November 1937 in history). He was the commander of the 4th Air Force Group based in Jianqiao Airfield. He led his group of pilots and maintenance crew to receive new Polikarpov I-16 fighter aircraft at the Lanzhou Donggang Airbase, and while at a refueling stop en route back to frontline action in Nanjing, Colonel Gao and his group were suddenly attacked by a Japanese raid, and he was killed along with his crew chief Feng Qianqing by falling Japanese bombs while on the ground in Zhoujiakou airfield.[2][3]
  • Feng Hai as Lieutenant Shen Chonghui (Zh-Wiki - died 19 August 1937 in history). A man with few words, he was killed when he crashed his plane into a Japanese warship, causing significant damage to the ship; in actual history, he did not hit the enemy ship, and was MIA along with his backseat gunner 2Lt. Chen Xichun, and both later declared KIA)[4]
  • Yu Tien-lung as Lieutenant Yan Haiwen (Zh-Wiki - died 17 August 1937 in history). He parachuted from his plane and was surrounded by Japanese soldiers demanding his surrender, but while evading capture, he shot a few soldiers and saving the last bullet for himself, shouting "No captives from China's Air Force!", and shot himself in the head. He was buried with special honors by the Japanese army.[5][6]
  • Chiang Bin as Second Lieutenant Li Yougan (Zh-Wiki - died 18 September 1937 in history). He is shown in the movie being strafed by Japanese fighters in mid-air under his parachute after bailing-out from his burning Hawk III, but in the real-life events, 2Lt. Li Yougan was KIA during an attack against Japanese warships on the Huangpu in Shanghai that day, and shot-down by heavy anti-aircraft fire;[7] Lt. Liu Lanqing (劉りゅう蘭らん清きよし) of the 17th PS, 3rd PG equipped with P-26/281 Peashooters, led by Chinese-American volunteer fighter pilot Capt. John Huang Panyang (not shown in the movie) was in fact a victim of such a heinous mid-air strafing-attack during an air battle over Nanjing on 19 September 1937.[8]
  • Chin Han as Major Liu Cuigang (Zh-Wiki - died 26 October 1937 in history), China's top-scoring fighter-ace at that point in time. The movie depicted his death as he crashed his plane into a Japanese tank. In actual history, his death was due to an accident while flying to Taiyuan city to assume command of air operations at the Battle of Taiyuan from the wounded 28th Pursuit Squadron commander Captain Chan Kee-Wong (another Chinese-American volunteer air force combatant) of fighter operations on the northern front.[9][10]
  • Lee Ching as Ye Rongran, Gao's wife.
  • Sally Chen as Xu Xilin, Liu's wife.
  • Terry Hu as Zheng Qiuxia, Li's wife.
  • Ming Hu (胡えびす銘めいじ, actress Terry Hu's younger brother), as fighter pilot Liu Zhesheng
  • Carter Wong as a Japanese pilot.

Historical accuracy[edit]

In the movie, Col. Gao is accurately depicted recuperating in Lu Shan from serious injuries sustained from an aerial combat engagement, but is seen listening to a radio broadcast announcement of "heroic martyrs of our air force Yue Yiqin, Zheng Shaoyu, Tan Wen, Shen Chonghui giving their lives for our nation", to which the convalescing Col. Gao furiously reacts to by throwing a cup and lamenting how he must wait while his brothers are fighting and dying; while Tan Wen and Shen Chonghui were in fact KIA while Col. Gao was convalescing, Yue Yiqin died over a week after the death of Col. Gao himself, and Zheng Shaoyu died in April 1942.[11]

The depiction of Hawk III pilot Li Yougan getting shot down by Imperial Japanese A5Ms and then being strafed to death while descending in his parachute, was a lionizing of 17th PS, 3rd PG P-26/281 fighter pilot Liu Lanqing (劉りゅう蘭らん清きよし) who was in fact killed when strafed to death mid-air after bailing-out in his parachute in an air battle over Nanjing on 19 September 1937;[12] Li Yougan himself was actually KIA while getting shot-down by anti-aircraft fire on 18 September 1937 during dive-bombing/strafing attacks on Imperial Japanese Navy warships in the Battle of Shanghai.[13]

Awards and nominations[edit]

1977 - 14th Golden Horse Awards

  • Won - Best Feature Film
  • Won - Chang Tseng-tse, Best Director
  • Won - Ho Hsiao-chung, Best Screenplay
  • Won - Lin Hung-tsung, Best Cinematography
  • Won - Wang Chi-yang, Best Editing
  • Won - Hsin Chiang-sheng, Best sound recording
  • Nominated - Liang Hsiu-shen, Best Actor

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ Sun, Lianggang. "Shanghai 1937: Where World War II Started". Shanghai 1937: Where World War II Started.
  2. ^ 徐じょ (Xú), 2016, pp. 354-355. 高こう烈士れっし志こころざし航こう~冯烈士し幹みき卿きょう
  3. ^ 蒋, 泽枫. "高だか志こころざし航こう牺牲日び期き考こう辨べん_杂志论文_兰台世界せかい杂志". www.zz-news.com. Retrieved 2020-12-12. ... "敌机再さい次つぎ进入，一阵疯狂扫射之后，只ただ见一弹坑东侧50米めーとる处仰卧一いち人にん，杨、于二人急绕弹坑跑过去，见是一位苏联顾问已被机枪打穿腹部。这时，站长也跑来らい，派は车将其送往医院いん抢救。我わが一面向南京政府发电报报告，一面派人整理高志航、冯干卿きょう的てき遗体，并停柩ひつぎ于周家か口こう镇王家か花はな园后面めん一住户的空屋之内... "
  4. ^ 徐じょ (Xú), 2016, pp. 310-312. 沈烈士し崇たかし诲~陈烈士し锡纯
  5. ^ 徐じょ (Xú), 2016, p. 309. 阎烈士し海うみ文ぶん
  6. ^ 蔡, 乔治. "第だい五大队第二十五中队 阎海文ぶん". www.flyingtiger-cacw.com. Retrieved 2020-12-12. ... 阎海文ぶん躲在坟后举枪射しゃ击，又また有ゆう几个日び兵へい应声倒たおせ地ち。这时，他た检查了りょう一いち下か枪膛，见只有ゆう两粒子りゅうし弹了，他た抬手又また打だ死し一いち个鬼子こ... 敌人在ざい一いち步步ほほ逼近，死亡しぼう也一步步向他走来。阎海文ぶん擦こす了りょう擦こす枪上的てき尘土，缓缓地ち站起了りょう身み...「砰！」枪响了りょう，一股殷红的鲜血，伴とも着ぎ英雄えいゆう洒落しゃれ在ざい脚下きゃっか深ふか情じょう的てき土地とち上じょう……当とう天下てんか午うま，日本にっぽん兵へい列れつ队脱帽ぼう，向こう刚树立りつ的てき一座いちざ新しん坟，上うえ书"支ささえ那な空そら军勇士し之の墓はか"致敬，为敌人的じんてき勇士ゆうし举行葬礼そうれい，这是他た们的第だい一いち次じ。一いち个多月がつ后きさき，在ざい东京新宿しんじゅく繁しげる华的闹市区く，"支ささえ那な空そら军勇士し阎海文ぶん"公こう展てん竟吸引きゅういん了りょう成なり千せん上じょう万まん的てき日本人にっぽんじん，参まいり观的东京市民しみん络绎不ふ绝...
  7. ^ 徐じょ (Xú), 2016, p. 324. 李り烈士れっし有ゆう干ひ
  8. ^ 徐じょ (Xú), 2016, p. 325. 刘烈士し兰清
  9. ^ 徐じょ (Xú), 2016, pp. 348-350. 刘烈士し粹いき刚
  10. ^ 网易, 丘おか智さとし贤 (2018-02-02). "广东队长太ふと原げん击落日本にっぽん驱逐之の王おう三さん轮宽". news.163.com. Retrieved 2020-12-12. 1937年ねん9月がつ21日にち，击落日び军著名めい飞行员三轮宽的我空军第二十八队队长陈其光(照あきら片へん) - 支ささえ那な事ごと变殊勋录刊かん登之とし日本にっぽん陆军航空こうくう兵へい中佐ちゅうさ三さん轮宽(照あきら片へん)
  11. ^ Chai, George. "十じゅう四航空隊中美空軍混合團 CACW". 中國ちゅうごく飛ひ虎とら研究けんきゅう學會がっかい.
  12. ^ Cheung, 2015, pp. 52/63. Lt. Liu Lanqing was hit within minutes of the commencing action in the large air battle over Nanking, and while bailing-out, he was quickly encircled by three E8Ns and strafed to death...
  13. ^ "劉りゅう烈士れっし蘭らん清きよし". air.mnd.gov.tw (in Chinese (Taiwan)). Retrieved 2020-11-25. 民みん國こく二に十じゅう六ろく年ねん九きゅう月がつ十じゅう九きゅう日にち八はち時じ許もと，日にち軍ぐん以艦上じょう輕けい轟とどろき炸機、水上すいじょう偵察ていさつ機き、單たん翼つばさ驅逐くちく機き約やく三さん十じゅう架か空襲くうしゅう南京なんきん，我わが機き二に十じゅう一いち架か自じ句く容よう、南京なんきん各地かくち起おこり飛ひ迎擊げいげき。九きゅう時じ許もと，第だい十じゅう七隊副隊長黃新瑞率波因機五架，在ざい句く容よう上空じょうくう與あずか敵てき水すい機き八はち架か遭遇そうぐう，展開てんかい格かく鬥，互有傷きず亡ほろび。烈士れっし駕が一いち七なな○一號機與敵纏鬥中，負ふ重傷じゅうしょう。跳とべ傘がさ後ご復ふく被ひ敵てき機き三さん架か追つい蹤射擊げき，墜於江こう寧やすし縣境けんきょう西成にしなり鄉きょう陣じん亡ほろび。

Bibliography

  • Cheung, Raymond. OSPREY AIRCRAFT OF THE ACES 126: Aces of the Republic of China Air Force. Oxford: Bloomsbury Publishing Plc, 2015. ISBN 978 14728 05614.
  • 徐じょ (Xú), 露ろ梅うめ (Lùméi). 隕落 (Fallen): 682位い空そら军英烈れつ的てき生死せいし档案 - 抗こう战空军英烈れつ档案大だい解かい密みつ (A Decryption of 682 Air Force Heroes of The War of Resistance-WWII and Their Martyrdom). 东城区く, 北京ぺきん， 中国ちゅうごく: 团结出版しゅっぱん社しゃ, 2016. ISBN 978-7-5126-4433-5.


External links[edit]

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