Virūḍhaka (Heavenly King)
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Virūḍhaka | |
---|---|
Sanskrit | विरूढक
Virūḍhaka |
Pāli | विरूळ्हक
Virūḷhaka |
Burmese | ဝိရဠက |
Chinese | (Pinyin: Zēngzhǎng Tiānwáng) |
Japanese | (romaji: Zōjōten or Zōchōten) |
Korean | 증장천왕
(RR: Jeungjang Cheonwang) |
Tagalog | Birudhaka |
Thai | ท้าววิรุฬหก
Thao Virunhok" |
Tibetan | འཕགས་སྐྱེས་པོ Wylie: 'phags skyes po THL: Pak Kyepo |
Vietnamese | Tăng Trưởng Thiên Vương |
Information | |
Venerated by | Theravāda |
Attributes | Guardian of the South |
Religion portal |
Virūḍhaka is a major deity in Buddhism. He is one of the Four Heavenly Kings and a dharmapala.
Names[edit]
The name Virūḍhaka comes from the identical Sanskrit term, which refers to sprouting grain. As such, his name means "increase" or "growth.".[1] Other names include:
- Traditional Chinese:
增長天 ; simplified Chinese:増長天 ; pinyin: Zēngzhǎng Tiānwáng; Japanese: Zōjōten or Zōchōten; Korean: 증장천왕 Jeungjang Cheonwang; Tagalog: Birudhaka; Vietnamese: Tăng Trưởng Thiên, a calque of Sanskrit Virūḍhaka - Traditional Chinese: 毘楼勒叉; pinyin: Bí lóu lè chā; Japanese: Birurokusha; Korean: 비루늑차Biluneugcha; Vietnamese: Tì Lâu Lặc Xoa. This is a transliteration of the original Sanskrit name.
- Tibetan: འཕགས་སྐྱེས་པོ, Wylie: 'phags skyes po, THL: Pak Kyepo, "Noble Birth"
- Thai: ท้าววิรุฬหก Thao Virunhok is an honorific plus the modern pronunciation of Pali Virūḷhaka.
Characteristics[edit]
Virūḍhaka is the guardian of the southern direction. He lives on the southern part of Sumeru. He is leader of the Kumbhanda and pretas.
Theravāda[edit]
In the Pāli Canon of Theravāda Buddhism, Virūḍhaka is called Virūlha or Virūḷhaka. Virūḷhaka is one of the Cātummahārājāno, or "Four Great Kings," each of whom rules over a specific direction.[2]
China[edit]
In China, Virūḍhaka's name Zēngzhǎng Tiānwáng (
Japan[edit]
In Japan, Zōjōten (
References[edit]
- ^ "Virūḍhaka". Wisdom Library. Retrieved 2019-02-20.
- ^ "Virūlha". Buddhist Dictionary of Pali Proper Names. Retrieved 2019-02-20.
- ^ A dictionary of Chinese Buddhist terms : with Sanskrit and English equivalents and a Sanskrit-Pali index. Lewis Hodous, William Edward Soothill. London: RoutledgeCurzon. 2004. ISBN 0-203-64186-8. OCLC 275253538.
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: others (link) - ^ "Zouchouten
増長天 ". JAANUS. Retrieved 2019-02-20.
External links[edit]
- Media related to Virudhaka at Wikimedia Commons