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Wanzhou, Chongqing

Coordinates: 30°48′27″N 108°24′31″E / 30.8076°N 108.4086°E / 30.8076; 108.4086
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"Wanzhou" redirects here. For other uses, see Wanzhou (disambiguation).
Wanzhou
万まん州しゅう区く
District
Map
Wanzhou District in Chongqing
Wanzhou District in Chongqing
Coordinates: 30°48′27″N 108°24′31″E / 30.8076°N 108.4086°E / 30.8076; 108.4086
CountryPeople's Republic of China
MunicipalityChongqing
Area
 • District3,457 km2 (1,335 sq mi)
 • Urban
80 km2 (30 sq mi)
Population
 (2013)
 • District1,753,500
 • Density510/km2 (1,300/sq mi)
 • Urban
 (2018)[1]
700,000
Time zoneUTC+8 (China Standard)
GDP2013
 - TotalCNY 70.23 billion
(US$ 11.46 billion)
 - Per capitaCNY 43,197
(US$ 7,047)
Licence plate prefix渝F
Websitewz.gov.cn

Wanzhou District (simplified Chinese: 万まん州しゅう区く; traditional Chinese: 萬まん州しゅう區く; pinyin: Wànzhōu Qū) is Chongqing's second most populated urban core area on the upper reaches of the Three Gorges of the Yangtze River in China. It is currently governed as a district of Chongqing Municipality, bordering Sichuan to the northwest and Hubei to the southeast. It was formerly known as Wanxian or Wan County (simplified Chinese: 万まん县; traditional Chinese: 萬まん縣けん; pinyin: Wànxiàn). Prior to Chongqing's formation as a direct-controlled municipality, Wanzhou was part of Sichuan province. The urban core of Wanzhou is 228 km (142 mi) away from Chongqing's city proper.

The characters for "Wanzhou" mean "myriad-prefecture"; which is derived from the phrase "the place where myriad rivers converge and myriad traders gather" (万川ばんせん毕汇、万まん商しょう云うん集しゅう). Due to the construction of the Three Gorges Dam, 47% of Wanzhou's old urban area was submerged and had to be relocated.

History

[edit]
An old stone bridge

The district was part of Wanxian Prefecture (万まん县地区ちく), then the prefectural Wanxian City (万まん县市). It was renamed to Wanzhou in late 1990s.

It was part of Quren County of Ba Commandery (巴ともえ郡ぐん朐忍县) in the Qin dynasty. It became Yangqu County (羊ひつじ渠みぞ县) in 216 (the Eastern Han dynasty). In 230 (the Shu-Han Kingdom), it was renamed to Nanpu (南浦みなみうら县); in 553 (the Western Wei dynasty), to Yuquan (鱼泉县); in 557 (Northern Zhou dynasty), to Anxiang (安やす乡县); in 584, to Wanchuan (万川ばんせん县); and in 598 (Sui dynasty), to Nanpu again.

In 619 (Tang dynasty), Nanpu Commandery (南浦みなみうら郡ぐん) was established. In 625, the name was changed to Pu Prefecture (浦うら州しゅう), and in 634, to Wan Prefecture (万まん州しゅう; Wànzhōu). In 1373 (Yuan dynasty), Wan was demoted to a county (万まん县; Wànxiàn).

In the 19th century, it was known in English as Wanhsien and Wan County. In 1935, it became Wanxian Prefecture (万まん县专区く). On 12 December 1992, the State Council abolished Wanxian Prefecture and its subordinate Wanxian City and created the prefecture-level Wanxian City, which administered the districts of Longbao (龙宝区く), Tiancheng (天城あまぎ区く), Wuqiao (五ご桥区) and the counties of Kai, Zhong, Liangping, Yunyang, Fengjie, Wushan, Wuxi, and Chengkou.

The entire Wanxian City was merged into Chongqing on 20 December 1997. The merge necessitated the abolishment of Wanxian City and creation of Wanxian District and Wanxian Migration Development Area (移民いみん开发区く). Wanxian City's three districts were converted to administrative committees (管理かんり委い员会, abbreviated 管かん委い会かい) of Wanxian District. The migration development area included the counties formerly in Wanxian City, except Liangping and Chengkou, which were administered by Chongqing directly.

On 22 May 1998, the State Council approved that the two areas named Wanxian were both renamed to Wanzhou. The migration development area later dissolved and its counties were directly controlled by Chongqing. On 19 July 2000, the district's administrative committees were changed to migration development areas.

Sports

[edit]

The 26,000-capacity Wanzhou Pailou Sports Stadium is located in Wanzhou. It is used mostly for association football and also sometimes for athletics. One stand is covered with a roof.

Geography and climate

[edit]

Wanzhou spans 30°24′−31°14′ N latitude and 107°55′−108°53′ E longitude, and is situated at the eastern edge of the Sichuan Basin. It reaches a maximal north–south extent of 67.25 km (41.79 mi) and east–west width of 97.25 km (60.43 mi), covering an area of 3,214 km2 (1,241 sq mi). Elevations range from 106 m (348 ft) in the town of Tailong (太ふとし龙镇) to 1,762 m (5,781 ft) at Shaping Peak (沙すな坪つぼ峰ほう) of the Qiyao Mountains (齐曜山やま).[2] Bordering county-level divisions:

Similar to the city proper of Chongqing, Wanzhou has a monsoon-humid subtropical climate (Köppen Cwa) with short, mild winters, and very hot, humid summers, and is in fact on average 0.5 °C (0.9 °F) warmer during the day. The monthly 24-hour average temperature ranges from 7.0 °C (44.6 °F) in January to 28.3 °C (82.9 °F) in August, while the annual mean is 17.95 °C (64.3 °F).

Climate data for Wanzhou, elevation 187 m (614 ft), (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1981–2010)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 19.1
(66.4) 		28.0
(82.4) 		33.3
(91.9) 		36.8
(98.2) 		39.5
(103.1) 		40.2
(104.4) 		41.5
(106.7) 		42.3
(108.1) 		42.0
(107.6) 		35.8
(96.4) 		29.1
(84.4) 		19.6
(67.3) 		42.3
(108.1)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 11.0
(51.8) 		13.8
(56.8) 		18.9
(66.0) 		24.3
(75.7) 		27.8
(82.0) 		30.7
(87.3) 		34.4
(93.9) 		34.8
(94.6) 		29.7
(85.5) 		23.4
(74.1) 		18.2
(64.8) 		12.3
(54.1) 		23.3
(73.9)
Daily mean °C (°F) 7.6
(45.7) 		9.6
(49.3) 		13.8
(56.8) 		18.9
(66.0) 		22.7
(72.9) 		25.8
(78.4) 		28.8
(83.8) 		28.9
(84.0) 		24.6
(76.3) 		19.1
(66.4) 		14.3
(57.7) 		9.2
(48.6) 		18.6
(65.5)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 5.3
(41.5) 		6.8
(44.2) 		10.3
(50.5) 		15.1
(59.2) 		19.1
(66.4) 		22.4
(72.3) 		24.9
(76.8) 		24.7
(76.5) 		21.3
(70.3) 		16.6
(61.9) 		11.9
(53.4) 		7.1
(44.8) 		15.5
(59.8)
Record low °C (°F) −2.2
(28.0) 		−1.3
(29.7) 		−0.1
(31.8) 		6.5
(43.7) 		11.2
(52.2) 		15.4
(59.7) 		17.6
(63.7) 		18.1
(64.6) 		14.3
(57.7) 		5.3
(41.5) 		2.9
(37.2) 		−2.1
(28.2) 		−2.2
(28.0)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 16.2
(0.64) 		21.7
(0.85) 		50.2
(1.98) 		96.8
(3.81) 		172.0
(6.77) 		184.5
(7.26) 		180.2
(7.09) 		146.0
(5.75) 		141.2
(5.56) 		102.7
(4.04) 		53.7
(2.11) 		17.9
(0.70) 		1,183.1
(46.56)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) 7.9 7.5 10.5 13.2 15.5 14.5 11.9 10.5 11.8 13.5 9.8 7.7 134.3
Average snowy days 0.3 0.1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.1 0.5
Average relative humidity (%) 81 78 75 77 78 80 75 72 77 83 83 83 79
Mean monthly sunshine hours 27.1 38.6 84.9 118.0 116.4 118.9 186.7 198.8 123.8 74.6 53.1 27.2 1,168.1
Percent possible sunshine 8 12 23 30 27 28 44 49 34 21 17 9 25
Source 1: China Meteorological Administration[3][4]
Source 2: Weather China[5]
Climate data for Wanzhou (Tiancheng District), elevation 257 m (843 ft), (1991–2020 normals)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 10.5
(50.9) 		13.3
(55.9) 		18.4
(65.1) 		23.9
(75.0) 		27.4
(81.3) 		30.2
(86.4) 		34.0
(93.2) 		34.3
(93.7) 		29.2
(84.6) 		22.8
(73.0) 		17.7
(63.9) 		11.7
(53.1) 		22.8
(73.0)
Daily mean °C (°F) 7.0
(44.6) 		9.1
(48.4) 		13.2
(55.8) 		18.3
(64.9) 		22.1
(71.8) 		25.1
(77.2) 		28.1
(82.6) 		28.1
(82.6) 		23.9
(75.0) 		18.5
(65.3) 		13.7
(56.7) 		8.6
(47.5) 		18.0
(64.4)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 4.7
(40.5) 		6.3
(43.3) 		9.6
(49.3) 		14.4
(57.9) 		18.4
(65.1) 		21.6
(70.9) 		24.2
(75.6) 		23.8
(74.8) 		20.5
(68.9) 		15.8
(60.4) 		11.2
(52.2) 		6.4
(43.5) 		14.7
(58.5)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 17.9
(0.70) 		22.4
(0.88) 		53.6
(2.11) 		102.6
(4.04) 		180.7
(7.11) 		195.9
(7.71) 		186.7
(7.35) 		149.1
(5.87) 		148.9
(5.86) 		110.3
(4.34) 		58.6
(2.31) 		18.7
(0.74) 		1,245.4
(49.02)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) 8.5 7.8 10.8 14.1 15.4 14.8 12.7 11.1 11.9 14.1 10.6 8.6 140.4
Average snowy days 0.5 0.1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.1 0.7
Average relative humidity (%) 82 79 77 79 80 82 79 75 80 85 85 85 81
Mean monthly sunshine hours 28.9 40.4 84.9 115.0 111.4 110.3 177.1 193.8 119.0 70.8 55.2 28.6 1,135.4
Percent possible sunshine 9 13 23 30 26 26 41 48 32 20 18 9 25
Source: China Meteorological Administration[3][6]

Subdivisions

[edit]

The 4 primary subdivisions were 3 migration development areas (Longbao, Tiancheng, Wuqiao) and Jiangnan New District (江こう南新みなみしん区く). Now Wanzhou is subdivided into 92 township divisions are 16 sub-districts, 33 towns, and 43 townships (see Administrative divisions of the People's Republic of China#Levels). In 2000, the district included 32 towns, 45 townships, 14 sub-districts, and 1277 neighborhood and village committees.

Name Chinese (S) Hanyu Pinyin Population (2010)[7] Area (km2)
Gaosuntang Subdistrict 高こう笋たかんな塘街道どう Gāosǔntáng Jiēdào 103,982 3
Taibai Subdistrict 太白たいはく街道かいどう Tàibái Jiēdào 108,387 13.1
Pailou Subdistrict 牌ぱい楼ろう街道かいどう Páilóu Jiēdào 104,351 9.8
Shuanghekou Subdistrict 双そう河口かこう街道かいどう Shuānghékǒu Jiēdào 33,715 23
Longdu Subdistrict 龙都街道かいどう Lóngdōu Jiēdào 36,134 24
Zhoujiaba Subdistrict 周しゅう家か坝街道どう Zhōujiābà Jiēdào 88,494 12
Shahe Subdistrict 沙すな河かわ街道かいどう Shāhé Jiēdào 24,915 11.2
Zhonggulou Subdistrict 钟鼓楼ろう街道かいどう Zhōnggǔlóu Jiēdào 85,873 38.7
Bai'anba Subdistrict 百ひゃく安やす坝街道どう Bǎi'ānbà Jiēdào 91,947 15.8
Wuqiao Subdistrict 五ご桥街道どう Wǔqiáo Jiēdào 20,672 25.7
Chenjiaba Subdistrict 陈家坝街道どう Chénjiābà Jiēdào 24,745 34.75
Xiaozhou town 小しょう周しゅう镇 Xiǎozhōu Zhèn 9,136 49
Dazhou town 大周たいしゅう镇 Dàzhōu Zhèn 12,184 64
Xinxiang town 新しん乡镇 Xīnxiāng Zhèn 6,683 140.2
Sunjia town 孙家镇 Sūnjiā Zhèn 9,737 46.6
Gaofeng town 高峰たかみね镇 Gāofēng Zhèn 19,550 46.2
Longsha town 龙沙镇 Lóngshā Zhèn 28,127 25
Xiangshui town 响水镇 Xiǎngshuǐ Zhèn 16,889 59.5
Wuling town 武たけ陵りょう镇 Wǔlíng Zhèn 24,632 34.4
Rangdu town 瀼渡镇 Ràngdù Zhèn[8] 11,613 30.7
Ganning town 甘あま宁镇 Gānníng Zhèn 30,873 104.8
Tiancheng town 天城あまぎ镇 Tiānchéng Zhèn 41,762 52.4
Xiongjia town 熊くま家か镇 Xióngjiā Zhèn 33,176 82.5
Gaoliang town 高梁たかはし镇 Gāoliáng Zhèn 49,357 37.7
Lihe town 李り河かわ镇 Lǐhé Zhèn 23,264 38.7
Fenshui town 分水ぶんすい镇 Fēnshuǐ Zhèn 60,308 220.96
Yujia town 余よ家か镇 Yújiā Zhèn 30,454 78.2
Houshan town 后きさき山やま镇 Hòushān Zhèn 15,338 78.86
Danzi town 弹子镇 Dànzǐ Zhèn 18,318 54.6
Changling town 长岭镇 Zhǎnglǐng Zhèn 34,962 53.2
Xintian town 新田にった镇 Xīntián Zhèn 34,145 104.4
Baiyang town 白しろ羊ひつじ镇 Báiyáng Zhèn 38,078 34.4
Longju town 龙驹镇 Lóngjū Zhèn 31,982 241.5
Zouma town 走はし马镇 Zǒumǎ Zhèn 26,017 76.5
Luotian town 罗田镇 Luōtián Zhèn 27,669 81.7
Tailong town 太ふとし龙镇 Tàilóng Zhèn 14,148 63
Changtan town 长滩镇 Chángtān Zhèn 17,904 101.3
Tai'an town 太ふと安やす镇 Tài'ān Zhèn 19,583 47.2
Baitu town 白土しらつち镇 Báitǔ Zhèn 16,790 54.6
Guocun town 郭かく村むら镇 Guōcūn Zhèn 21,326 24.4
Zhushan Township 柱はしら山さん乡 Zhùshān Xiāng 16,331 53.9
Tiefeng Township 铁峰乡 Tiěfēng Xiāng 7,934 50
Xikou Township 溪けい口こう乡 Xīkǒu Xiāng 5,695 39.2
Changping Township 长坪乡 Chángpíng Xiāng 8,580 44.3
Yanshan Township 燕つばめ山さん乡 Yànshān Xiāng 9,845 56.4
Lishu Township 梨なし树乡 Líshù Xiāng 6,116 51.02
Puzi Township 普ひろし子こ乡 Pǔzi Xiāng 8,295 85.7
Huangbo Township 黄柏おうばく乡 Huángbò Xiāng 10,949 31
Jiuchi Township 九きゅう池いけ乡 Jiǔchí Xiāng 17,705 21.5
Cizhu Township 茨いばら竹ちく乡 Cízhú Xiāng 5,272 37.8
Debao Tujia Ethnic Township 地ち宝たから土ど家族かぞく乡 Debǎo Tǔjiāzú Xiāng 5,502 44.4
Henghe Tujia Ethnic Township 恒つね合あい土ど家族かぞく乡 Hénghé Tǔjiāzú Xiāng 13,606 81.9

Colleges and universities

[edit]
  • Chongqing Three Gorges University (重じゅう庆三さん峡かい学院がくいん)[9]
  • Chongqing Three Gorges Medical College (重じゅう庆三峡医药高等专科学校)[10]
  • Chongqing Three Gorges Polytechnic College (重じゅう庆三さん峡かい职业学院がくいん)[11]
  • Chongqing Information Technology College (重じゅう庆信息いき技わざ术职业学院いん)[12]
  • Chongqing Preschool Education College (重じゅう庆幼儿师范高等こうとう专科学校がっこう)[13]
  • Chongqing Vocational Institute of Safety & Technology (重じゅう庆安全あんぜん技わざ术职业学院いん)[14]
  • Chongqing Science And Technology Career Academy (重じゅう庆科技わざ职业学院がくいん)

Transport

[edit]

Wanzhou has three Yangtze River crossings. It has two railway stations: Wanzhou North offers high-speed service and Wanzhou offers infrequent conventional services.

[edit]
  • View of Wanzhou
    View of Wanzhou
  • Wanzhou panorama
    Wanzhou panorama
  • View of Wanzhou across the river
    View of Wanzhou across the river
  • Wanzhou waterfall
    Wanzhou waterfall
  • Second Wanzhou Yangtze Bridge
    Second Wanzhou Yangtze Bridge
  • Wanzhou Yangtze River Railway Bridge
    Wanzhou Yangtze River Railway Bridge

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Cox, W (2018). Demographia World Urban Areas. 14th Annual Edition (PDF). St. Louis: Demographia. p. 22.
  2. ^ 概がい述じゅつ 1. 《万まん县志》. 1995.[full citation needed]
  3. ^ a b 中国ちゅうごく气象数すう据すえ网 – WeatherBk Data (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 28 April 2023.
  4. ^ 中国ちゅうごく气象数すう据すえ网 (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 28 April 2023.
  5. ^ 枣阳 - 气象数すう据すえ -中国ちゅうごく天てん气网 (in Chinese). Weather China. Retrieved 22 August 2022.
  6. ^ 中国ちゅうごく气象数すう据すえ网 (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 28 April 2023.
  7. ^ Census Office of the State Council of the People's Republic of China; Population and Employment Statistics Division of the National Bureau of Statistics of the People's Republic of China (2012). 中国ちゅうごく2010人口じんこう普ひろし查分乡、镇、街道かいどう资料 (1 ed.). Beijing: China Statistics Print. ISBN 978-7-5037-6660-2.
  8. ^ 现代汉语词典第だい七なな版はん [Xiandai Hanyu Cidian] (in Simplified Chinese) (7 ed.). 2016. p. 1092. 瀼 ràng 瀼渡河とか(Ràngdù Hé)，水みず名めい，在ざい重じゅう庆。
  9. ^ 重じゅう庆三さん峡かい学院がくいん. 重じゅう庆市万州区沙龙路二段780号ごう 重じゅう庆市万州区天星路666号ごう
  10. ^ 重じゅう庆三峡医药高等专科学校. 重じゅう庆市万州区百安坝天星路366号ごう
  11. ^ 重じゅう庆三さん峡かい职业学院がくいん. 重じゅう庆市万州区科龙路8号ごう(火ひ车站前まえ)
  12. ^ 重じゅう庆信息いき技わざ术职业学院いん学院がくいん介かい绍. 重じゅう庆市万州区平湖路88号ごう(金きむ龙校区く) 重じゅう庆万州区天城巨人路一号(天城あまぎ校区こうく)
  13. ^ [1]. 重じゅう庆万州天城育才路1号ごう
  14. ^ 重じゅう庆安全あんぜん技わざ术职业学院いん. 重じゅう庆市万州区百安坝安庆路583号ごう
[edit]
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