δόρυ

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From Proto-Hellenic *dóru, from Proto-Indo-European *dóru. Cognates include Sanskrit दारु (dā́ru), Old Persian 𐎭𐎠𐎽𐎢𐎺 (d-a-ru-u-v /⁠dāruv⁠/) and Old English trēow (English tree). Also see δでるたρろーῦς (drûs).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /dó.ry/ → /ˈðo.ry/ → /ˈðo.ri/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /dó.ry/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈdo.ry/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈðo.ry/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈðo.ry/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈðo.ri/

Noun

δόρῠ • (dóru) n (genitive δόρᾰτος); third declension

1. wood, tree, stem
2. spear shaft, spear, lance, pole, lance

Inflection

Third declension of τたうὸ δόρῠ; τたうοおみくろんῦ δόρᾰτος (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	τたうὸ δόρῠ tò dóru	τたうὼ δόρᾰτたうεいぷしろん tṑ dórate	τたうᾰ̀ δόρᾰτたうᾰ tà dórata
Genitive	τたうοおみくろんῦ δόρᾰτος toû dóratos	τたうοおみくろんῖνにゅー δでるたοおみくろんρろーᾰ́τたうοおみくろんιいおたνにゅー toîn dorátoin	τたうῶνにゅー δでるたοおみくろんρろーᾰ́τたうωおめがνにゅー tôn dorátōn
Dative	τたうῷ δόρᾰτたうῐ tôi dórati	τたうοおみくろんῖνにゅー δでるたοおみくろんρろーᾰ́τたうοおみくろんιいおたνにゅー toîn dorátoin	τたうοおみくろんῖς δόρᾰσしぐまῐ / δόρᾰσしぐまῐνにゅー toîs dórasi(n)
Accusative	τたうὸ δόρῠ tò dóru	τたうὼ δόρᾰτたうεいぷしろん tṑ dórate	τたうᾰ̀ δόρᾰτたうᾰ tà dórata
Vocative	δόρῠ dóru	δόρᾰτたうεいぷしろん dórate	δόρᾰτたうᾰ dórata
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Third declension of τたうὸ δόρῠ; τたうοおみくろんῦ δόρᾰτος (Tragic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	τたうὸ δόρῠ tò dóru	τたうὼ δόρᾰτたうεいぷしろん tṑ dórate	τたうᾰ̀ δόρᾰτたうᾰ / δόρη / δでるたοおみくろんῦρろーᾰς tà dórata / dórē / doûras
Genitive	τたうοおみくろんῦ δόρᾰτος / δορός toû dóratos / dorós	τたうοおみくろんῖνにゅー δでるたοおみくろんρろーᾰ́τたうοおみくろんιいおたνにゅー toîn dorátoin	τたうῶνにゅー δでるたοおみくろんρろーᾰ́τたうωおめがνにゅー / δでるたοおみくろんρろーῶνにゅー tôn dorátōn / dorôn
Dative	τたうῷ δόρᾰτたうῐ / δでるたοおみくろんρろーῐ́ / δόρει tôi dórati / dorí / dórei	τたうοおみくろんῖνにゅー δでるたοおみくろんρろーᾰ́τたうοおみくろんιいおたνにゅー toîn dorátoin	τたうοおみくろんῖς δόρᾰσしぐまῐ / δόρᾰσしぐまῐνにゅー toîs dórasi(n)
Accusative	τたうὸ δόρῠ tò dóru	τたうὼ δόρᾰτたうεいぷしろん tṑ dórate	τたうᾰ̀ δόρᾰτたうᾰ / δόρη / δでるたοおみくろんῦρろーᾰς tà dórata / dórē / doûras
Vocative	δόρῠ dóru	δόρᾰτたうεいぷしろん dórate	δόρᾰτたうᾰ / δόρη / δでるたοおみくろんῦρろーᾰς dórata / dórē / doûras
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.

Third declension of τたうὸ δόρῠ; τたうοおみくろんῦ δούρᾰτος (Ionic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	τたうὸ δόρῠ tò dóru	τたうὼ δούρᾰτたうεいぷしろん tṑ doúrate	τたうᾰ̀ δούρᾰτたうᾰ tà doúrata
Genitive	τたうοおみくろんῦ δούρᾰτος toû doúratos	τたうοおみくろんῖνにゅー δでるたοおみくろんυうぷしろんρろーᾰ́τたうοおみくろんιいおたνにゅー toîn dourátoin	τたうῶνにゅー δでるたοおみくろんυうぷしろんρろーᾰ́τたうωおめがνにゅー tôn dourátōn
Dative	τたうῷ δούρᾰτたうῐ tôi doúrati	τたうοおみくろんῖνにゅー δでるたοおみくろんυうぷしろんρろーᾰ́τたうοおみくろんιいおたνにゅー toîn dourátoin	τたうοおみくろんῖσしぐまῐ / τたうοおみくろんῖσしぐまῐνにゅー δούρᾰσしぐまῐ / δούρᾰσしぐまῐνにゅー toîsi(n) doúrasi(n)
Accusative	τたうὸ δόρῠ tò dóru	τたうὼ δούρᾰτたうεいぷしろん tṑ doúrate	τたうᾰ̀ δούρᾰτたうᾰ tà doúrata
Vocative	δόρῠ dóru	δούρᾰτたうεいぷしろん doúrate	δούρᾰτたうᾰ doúrata
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.

Irregular declension of δόρῠ; δουρός (Epic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	δόρῠ dóru	δでるたοおみくろんῦρろーεいぷしろん doûre	δでるたοおみくろんῦρろーᾰ / δούρᾰτたうᾰ doûra / doúrata
Genitive	δουρός / δούρᾰτος dourós / doúratos	δούροιῐνにゅー doúroiin	δούρων doúrōn
Dative	δでるたοおみくろんυうぷしろんρろーῐ́ / δούρᾰτたうῐ dourí / doúrati	δούροιῐνにゅー doúroiin	δούρεσσῐ / δούροις doúressi / doúrois
Accusative	δόρῠ dóru	δでるたοおみくろんῦρろーεいぷしろん doûre	δでるたοおみくろんῦρろーᾰ / δούρᾰτたうᾰ doûra / doúrata
Vocative	δόρῠ dóru	δでるたοおみくろんῦρろーεいぷしろん doûre	δでるたοおみくろんῦρろーᾰ / δούρᾰτたうᾰ doûra / doúrata
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.

Derived terms

• δουρικλυτός (douriklutós)/-κλειτός (-kleitós)
• δορυδρέπανον (dorudrépanon)
• δορατισμός (doratismós)
• διαδορατισμός (diadoratismós)
• δορυφόρος (doruphóros)

Descendants

• → English: doru, dory (learned)
• Greek: δόρυ n (dóry, “spear”)

References

• “δόρυ”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “δόρυ”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “δόρυ”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• δόρυ in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
• δόρυ in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• δόρυ in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2024)
• “δόρυ”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • army idem, page 40.
  • battle idem, page 65.
  • boat idem, page 87.
  • dart idem, page 195.
  • fight idem, page 318.
  • javelin idem, page 462.
  • lance idem, page 474.
  • plank idem, page 617.
  • ship idem, page 766.
  • spar idem, page 798.
  • spear idem, page 799.
  • warfare idem, page 964.
  • wood idem, page 987.

Greek

Etymology

From Ancient Greek δόρυ (dóru).

Noun

δόρυ • (dóry) n (plural δόρατα)

1. (military) pike, spear

Declension

Declension of δόρυ

	singular	plural
nominative	δόρυ •	δόρατα •
genitive	δόρατος •	δοράτων •
accusative	δόρυ •	δόρατα •
vocative	δόρυ •	δόρατα •

Synonyms

• λόγχη (lónchi)

Related terms

• δρυς f (drys, “oak tree”)

See also

• ακόντιο n (akóntio, “spear”)

Further reading

• δόρυ on the Greek Wikipedia.Wikipedia ^el