同 じ
Japanese
[edit]
Etymology 1
[edit]Kanji in this term |
---|
おな Grade: 2 |
kun'yomi |
⟨onazi⟩ → /onaʑi/
From Old Japanese.
An irregular adjective even in Classical Japanese (where the attributive form was usually
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “explain shift from -shiku to -nari to no conjugation needed.”)
Pronunciation
[edit]Adjective
[edit]- same, identical
- その
本 は同 じ著者 による。- Sono hon wa onaji chosha ni yoru.
- That book is written by the same author.
- その
- common, similar
Usage notes
[edit]- In modern Japanese, the adjective normally follows -na inflection (
形容動詞 ), but modifies a noun directly without the suffix な (-na).同 じ空 の下 ― onaji sora no shita ― under the same sky
- When attaching ので or のに, な is still needed as in
同 じなので or同 じなのに.
Conjugation
[edit]Stem forms | |||
---|---|---|---|
Imperfective ( |
おなじだろ | onaji daro | |
Continuative ( |
おなじで | onaji de | |
Terminal ( |
おなじだ | onaji da | |
Attributive ( |
おなじな | onaji na | |
Hypothetical ( |
おなじなら | onaji nara | |
Imperative ( |
おなじであれ | onaji de are | |
Key constructions | |||
Informal negative | おなじではない おなじじゃない |
onaji de wa nai onaji ja nai | |
Informal past | おなじだった | onaji datta | |
Informal negative past | おなじではなかった おなじじゃなかった |
onaji de wa nakatta onaji ja nakatta | |
Formal | おなじです | onaji desu | |
Formal negative | おなじではありません おなじじゃありません |
onaji de wa arimasen onaji ja arimasen | |
Formal past | おなじでした | onaji deshita | |
Formal negative past | おなじではありませんでした おなじじゃありませんでした |
onaji de wa arimasen deshita onaji ja arimasen deshita | |
Conjunctive | おなじで | onaji de | |
Conditional | おなじなら(ば) | onaji nara (ba) | |
Provisional | おなじだったら | onaji dattara | |
Volitional | おなじだろう | onaji darō | |
Adverbial | おなじに | onaji ni | |
Degree | おなじさ | onajisa |
Stem forms | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Irrealis ( |
おなじく おなじから |
onaziku onazikara | ||
Continuative ( |
おなじく おなじかり |
onaziku onazikari | ||
Terminal ( |
おなじ | onazi | ||
Attributive ( |
おなじき おなじかる おなじ |
onaziki onazikaru onazi | ||
Realis ( |
おなじけれ | onazikere | ||
Imperative ( |
おなじかれ | onazikare | ||
Key constructions | ||||
Negative | おなじからず | onazikarazu | ||
Contrasting conjunction | おなじけれど | onazikeredo | ||
Causal conjunction | おなじければ | onazikereba | ||
Conditional conjunction | おなじくば | onazikuba | ||
Past tense (firsthand knowledge) | おなじかりき | onazikariki | ||
Past tense (secondhand knowledge) | おなじかりけり | onazikarikeri | ||
Adverbial | おなじく | onaziku | ||
[1]Without auxiliary verb. [2]With auxiliary verb. |
Stem forms | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Irrealis ( |
おなじなら | onazinara | ||
Continuative ( |
おなじに おなじなり |
onazini onazinari | ||
Terminal ( |
おなじなり | onazinari | ||
Attributive ( |
おなじなる | onazinaru | ||
Realis ( |
おなじなれ | onazinare | ||
Imperative ( |
おなじなれ | onazinare | ||
Key constructions | ||||
Negative | おなじならず | onazinarazu | ||
Contrasting conjunction | おなじなれど | onazinaredo | ||
Causal conjunction | おなじなれば | onazinareba | ||
Conditional conjunction | おなじならば | onazinaraba | ||
Past tense (firsthand knowledge) | おなじなりき | onazinariki | ||
Past tense (secondhand knowledge) | おなじなりけり | onazinarikeri | ||
Adverbial | おなじに | onazini | ||
[1]Without auxiliary verb. [2]With auxiliary verb. |
Derived terms
[edit]Quotations
[edit]For quotations using this term, see Citations:
Idioms
[edit]Proverbs
[edit]一寸 切 らるるも二 寸切 らるるも同 じ事 (issun kiraruru mo nisun kiraruru mo onaji koto)下駄 も仏 も同 じ木 のきれ (geta mo hotoke mo onaji ki no kire)田 を行 くも畔 を行 くも同 じ道 (ta o yuku mo aze o yuku mo onaji michi)
Adverb
[edit]Noun
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]Kanji in this term |
---|
おな > おんな Grade: 2 |
irregular |
/onaʑi/ → /onːaʑi/
Long-pronounced form of onaji above.
Compare
Pronunciation
[edit]Adjective
[edit]Conjugation
[edit]Stem forms | |||
---|---|---|---|
Imperfective ( |
おんなじだろ | onnaji daro | |
Continuative ( |
おんなじで | onnaji de | |
Terminal ( |
おんなじだ | onnaji da | |
Attributive ( |
おんなじな | onnaji na | |
Hypothetical ( |
おんなじなら | onnaji nara | |
Imperative ( |
おんなじであれ | onnaji de are | |
Key constructions | |||
Informal negative | おんなじではない おんなじじゃない |
onnaji de wa nai onnaji ja nai | |
Informal past | おんなじだった | onnaji datta | |
Informal negative past | おんなじではなかった おんなじじゃなかった |
onnaji de wa nakatta onnaji ja nakatta | |
Formal | おんなじです | onnaji desu | |
Formal negative | おんなじではありません おんなじじゃありません |
onnaji de wa arimasen onnaji ja arimasen | |
Formal past | おんなじでした | onnaji deshita | |
Formal negative past | おんなじではありませんでした おんなじじゃありませんでした |
onnaji de wa arimasen deshita onnaji ja arimasen deshita | |
Conjunctive | おんなじで | onnaji de | |
Conditional | おんなじなら(ば) | onnaji nara (ba) | |
Provisional | おんなじだったら | onnaji dattara | |
Volitional | おんなじだろう | onnaji darō | |
Adverbial | おんなじに | onnaji ni | |
Degree | おんなじさ | onnajisa |
Stem forms | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Irrealis ( |
おんなじく おんなじから |
onnaziku onnazikara | ||
Continuative ( |
おんなじく おんなじかり |
onnaziku onnazikari | ||
Terminal ( |
おんなじ | onnazi | ||
Attributive ( |
おんなじき おんなじかる おんなじ |
onnaziki onnazikaru onnazi | ||
Realis ( |
おんなじけれ | onnazikere | ||
Imperative ( |
おんなじかれ | onnazikare | ||
Key constructions | ||||
Negative | おんなじからず | onnazikarazu | ||
Contrasting conjunction | おんなじけれど | onnazikeredo | ||
Causal conjunction | おんなじければ | onnazikereba | ||
Conditional conjunction | おんなじくば | onnazikuba | ||
Past tense (firsthand knowledge) | おんなじかりき | onnazikariki | ||
Past tense (secondhand knowledge) | おんなじかりけり | onnazikarikeri | ||
Adverbial | おんなじく | onnaziku | ||
[1]Without auxiliary verb. [2]With auxiliary verb. |
Adverb
[edit]Etymology 3
[edit]Kanji in this term |
---|
どう Grade: 2 |
kan'yōon |
The
Verb
[edit]- imperfective and stem (or continuative) forms of
同 じる (dōjiru) [ichidan]: agreeing - imperfective and stem (or continuative) forms of
同 ずる (dōzuru) [irregular]: agreeing
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006),
大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN - ↑ 2.0 2.1 Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1974),
新 明解 国語 辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Second edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō - ↑ 3.0 3.1 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK
日本語 発音 アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
Old Japanese
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Possibly derived from pronoun
- *⟨ono2 zi⟩ (unattested) → ⟨onazi⟩ → /onaʑi/
Adjective
[edit]Conjugation
[edit]Stem forms | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Irrealis ( |
おなじく おなじから |
onaziku onazikara | ||
Continuative ( |
おなじく おなじかり |
onaziku onazikari | ||
Terminal ( |
おなじ | onazi | ||
Attributive ( |
おなじき おなじかる |
onaziki onazikaru | ||
Realis ( |
おなじけれ | onazikere | ||
Imperative ( |
おなじかれ | onazikare | ||
Key constructions | ||||
Negative | おなじからず | onazikarazu | ||
Contrasting conjunction | おなじけれど | onazikeredo | ||
Causal conjunction | おなじければ | onazikereba | ||
Conditional conjunction | おなじくば | onazikuba | ||
Past tense (firsthand knowledge) | おなじかりき | onazikariki | ||
Past tense (secondhand knowledge) | おなじかりけり | onazikarikeri | ||
Adverbial | おなじく | onaziku | ||
[1]Without auxiliary verb. [2]With auxiliary verb. |
Quotations
[edit]For quotations using this term, see Citations:
Descendants
[edit]- Japanese:
同 じ (onaji)
Etymology 2
[edit]Derived from
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Why this is obsolete?”)
Adjective
[edit]Conjugation
[edit]Stem forms | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Irrealis ( |
おやじく おやじから |
oyaziku oyazikara | ||
Continuative ( |
おやじく おやじかり |
oyaziku oyazikari | ||
Terminal ( |
おやじ | oyazi | ||
Attributive ( |
おやじき おやじかる |
oyaziki oyazikaru | ||
Realis ( |
おやじけれ | oyazikere | ||
Imperative ( |
おやじかれ | oyazikare | ||
Key constructions | ||||
Negative | おやじからず | oyazikarazu | ||
Contrasting conjunction | おやじけれど | oyazikeredo | ||
Causal conjunction | おやじければ | oyazikereba | ||
Conditional conjunction | おやじくば | oyazikuba | ||
Past tense (firsthand knowledge) | おやじかりき | oyazikariki | ||
Past tense (secondhand knowledge) | おやじかりけり | oyazikarikeri | ||
Adverbial | おやじく | oyaziku | ||
[1]Without auxiliary verb. [2]With auxiliary verb. |
Quotations
[edit]For quotations using this term, see Citations:
References
[edit]- ^ “
同 ”, in日本 国語 大 辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten][1] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2006 - ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988)
国語 大 辞典 (新装 版 ) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
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