彷徨ほうこう

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Japanese

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Kanji in this term
さまよ
Hyōgaiji Hyōgaiji
jukujikun
Alternative spellings
まよ
徘徊はいかい (rare)

Etymology

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From Old Japanese. First attested in the Nihon Shoki of 720.[1]

Possibly a compound of (sa, emphatic or beautification prefix) +‎ まよ (mayou, to be lost, to stray; to be uncertain).[1] Compare () (sanu), さまねし (samaneshi).

Alternatively, might be a compound of ようほう (sama, direction) +‎ よう (you, of uncertain meaning, possibly “to be unsettled”; seen as the latter element in verbs ただよ (tadayou, to float about, to drift) or 猶予ゆうよ (izayou, to hesitate)).[2]

One source suggests cognacy with now-obsolete verb ぎん呻吟しんぎん (samayou, to wail in sadness);[3] however, the semantics are difficult to reconcile.

The kanji are jukujikun (じゅく字訓じくん), from Chinese 彷徨ほうこう (pánghuáng).

Pronunciation

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  • Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of "彷徨ほうこう"
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary
Stem forms
Terminal (終止しゅうしがた)
Attributive (連体れんたいがた)
彷徨ほうこう まよ [sàmáyóꜜù]
Imperative (命令めいれいがた) 彷徨ほうこう まよ [sàmáyóꜜè]
Key constructions
Passive 彷徨ほうこうわれる まよわれ [sàmáyówáréꜜrù]
Causative 彷徨ほうこうわせる まよわせ [sàmáyówáséꜜrù]
Potential 彷徨ほうこうえる まよえ [sàmáyóéꜜrù]
Volitional 彷徨ほうこうおう まよお [sàmáyóóꜜò]
Negative 彷徨ほうこうわない まよわない [sàmáyówáꜜnàì]
Negative perfective 彷徨ほうこうわなかった まよわなかった [sàmáyówáꜜnàkàttà]
Formal 彷徨うろついます まよいま [sàmáyóímáꜜsù]
Perfective 彷徨ほうこうった まよった [sàmáyóꜜttà]
Conjunctive 彷徨ほうこうって まよって [sàmáyóꜜttè]
Hypothetical conditional 彷徨ほうこうえば まよえば [sàmáyóꜜèbà]

Verb

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彷徨ほうこう(さまよ) (samayouさまよふ (samayofu)?intransitive godan (stem 彷徨ほうこう(さまよ) (samayoi), past 彷徨ほうこう(さまよ)った (samayotta))

  1. [from 720] to wander
    • 2007, しん時代じだいにちかん辭典じてんしん时代辞典じてん (Xīn Shídài Rì-hàn Cídiǎn), 1st edition, だい新書しんしょきょく大新おおしん书局 (Dàxīn Shūjú), →ISBN:
      まち(まち)からまち(まち)あても()彷徨ほうこう(さまよ)(ある)
      machi kara machi e atemonaku samayoi aruku
      to wander aimlessly from town to town

Conjugation

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See also

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References

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