Penyerangan Prague
Penyerangan Prague | |||||||
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Sebahagian daripada Barisan Timur (Perang Dunia II) | |||||||
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Pihak yang terlibat | |||||||
Kuasa Bersekutu: ![]() | |||||||
Komandan dan pemimpin | |||||||
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Kekuatan | |||||||
Kumpulan Tentera Darat Tengah: 600,000-650,000[2] Kumpulan Tentera Darat Ostmark: 430,000[3] ![]() |
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Kerugian dan korban | |||||||
Sejumlah 860,000 askar ditawan; selebihnya terbunuh, hilang dalam pertempuran, atau melarikan diri |
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Penyerangan Prague (Rusia: Пражская стратегическая наступательная операция Serangan Strategik Prague) adalah operasi besar terakhir Soviet dalam Perang Dunia II di Eropah. Serangan, dan pertempuran untuk Prague, telah berlaku di Barisan Timur dari 6 Mei hingga 11 Mei 1945. Pertempuran untuk kotaraya itu amatlah tidak berbaloi kerana ia berakhir selepas Reich Ketiga menyerahkalah pada 8 Mei 1945. Pertempuran ini juga menarik perhatian kerana ia telah berlaku serentak dengan Pemberontakan Prague.
Kotaraya Prague akhirnya telah dibebaskan oleh USSR semasa Penyerangan Prague. Kesemua askar Kumpulan Tentera Darat Tengah (Heeresgruppe Mitte) Jerman dan ramai askar Kumpulan Tentera Darat Ostmark (dahulunya dikenali sebagai Kumpulan Tentera Darat Selatan) telah terbunuh atau ditangkap, atau jatuh ke tangan pihak Bersekutu selepas perletakkan senjata.[b] Perletakkan senjata Kumpulan Tentera Darat Tengah berlaku 9 hari selepas kejatuhan Berlin dan 3 hari selepas Hari Kemenangan di Eropah.
Lihat juga
- Pertempuran Berlin - 1945
- Penyerangan Vienna - 1945
- Pemberontakan Prague - 1945
- Akhir Perang Dunia II di Eropah
Nota
- ^ Kehilangan askar Czech tidak termasuk dalam Pemberontakan Prague atau formasi partisan.
- ^ Under the laws of war at that time there was a distinction between those captured and those who "[fell] into the power" of the enemy after a mass capitulation. The 1929 Geneva Convention only covered those who were captured during the fighting not those who fell into the power of an enemy following a mass capitulation (See Disarmed Enemy Forces). This was explicitly changed in the Third Geneva Convention (1949)
- ^ a b Frajdl 2007.
- ^ Lakowski 2008, m/s. 674.
- ^ Ziemke 2002, m/s. 498.
- ^ a b c d e f g Krivosheev 1997, m/s. 159.
- ^ Glantz 1995, m/s. 300.
Rujukan
- Agnew, Hugh (2004), The Czechs and the Lands of the Bohemian Crown, Stanford: Hoover Institution Press, ISBN 0-8179-4491-5
- Erickson, John (1983), The Road to Berlin, London: Weidenfeld & Nicholson, ISBN 978-0297772385CS1 maint: ref duplicates default (link)
- Estonian State Commission on Examination of Policies of Repression (2005), "Human Losses", The White Book: Losses inflicted on the Estonian nation by occupation regimes. 1940–1991 (PDF), Estonian Encyclopedia Publishers, m/s. 35, diarkibkan daripada yang asal (PDF) pada 2013-01-14, dicapai pada 2015-11-25
- Glantz, David M.; House, Jonathan (1995), When Titans Clashed: How the Red Army Stopped Hitler, Lawrence, Kansas: University Press of Kansas, ISBN 0-7006-0899-0 Unknown parameter
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ignored (bantuan) - Frajdl, Jiří (8 May 2007), "České povstání v květnu 1945" [Czech uprising in May 1945], kcprymarov.estranky.cz (dalam bahasa Czech), diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 9 October 2009
- Gosztony, Peter (1991), Stalins Fremde Heere, Bonn: Bernard & Graefe Verlag, ISBN 3-7637-5889-5
- Greenwald, Robert J. (December 1945), Order of Battle of the United States Army, World War II, European Theater of Operations: Divisions, Paris, France: Office of the Theater Historian
- Hiio, Toomas; Kaasik, Peeter (2006), "Estonian units in the Waffen-SS", dalam Hiio, Toomas; Maripuu, Meelis; Paavle, Indrek (penyunting), Estonia 1940–1945: Reports of the Estonian International Commission for the Investigation of Crimes Against Humanity, Tallinn, m/s. 927–968
- Jaggers, R.C. (22 September 1993), The assassination of Reinhard Heydrich (PDF), dicapai pada July 2013 Check date values in:
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(bantuan) - Johnstone, Chris (10 June 2009), Emanuel Moravec the face of Czech collaboration with the Nazis, www.radio.cz, dicapai pada July 2013 Check date values in:
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(bantuan) - Kershaw, Ian (2011), The End: Germany, 1944-45, Penguin Books Ltd, ISBN 978-0-713-99716-3
- Krivosheev, Grigori (1997), Soviet Casualties and Combat Losses in the Twentieth Century, London: Greenhill Books, ISBN 978-1853-672804
- Lakowski, Richard (2008), Das Deutsche Reich und der Zweite Weltkrieg (Volume 10/1), Munich: DVA, ISBN 978-3-421-06237-6CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link)
- Mahoney, William (2011), The History of the Czech Republic and Slovakia, Santa Barbara: Greenwood Publishing Group, ISBN 978-0-313-36305-4
- Mendelsohn, Rona (2010), Liberation, Prague: U.S. Embassy in Prague
- Der Spiegel staff (July 1955), Der Spiegel - Der laute Kamerad, Spiegel.de, dicapai pada June 2013 Check date values in:
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(bantuan) - Tessin, Georg (1973), Verbände und Truppen der deutschen Wehrmacht und Waffen-SS 1939-1945 (Volume 2), Osnabrück: Biblio Verlag, ISBN 3-7648-0871-3
- Tessin, Georg (1974), Verbände und Truppen der deutschen Wehrmacht und Waffen-SS 1939-1945 (Volume 3), Osnabrück: Biblio Verlag, ISBN 3-7648-0942-6
- Tessin, Georg (1976), Verbände und Truppen der deutschen Wehrmacht und Waffen-SS 1939-1945 (Volume 4), Osnabrück: Biblio Verlag, ISBN 3-7648-1083-1
- Tessin, Georg (1980), Verbände und Truppen der deutschen Wehrmacht und Waffen-SS 1939-1945 (Volume 14), Osnabrück: Biblio Verlag, ISBN 3-7648-1111-0
- Ustinov, Dmitriy (1982), Geschichte des zweiten Weltkrieges 1939-1945 (Volume 10), Berlin: Militärverlag der Deutschen Demokratischen Republik
- Williams, Mary (Compiler) (1989), Chronology 1941-1945, Washington D.C.: GPO
- YPL staff (2012), The end of Prague Offensive, Yeltsin Presidential Library, dicapai pada July 2013 Check date values in:
|accessdate=
(bantuan); External link in|publisher=
(bantuan) - Ziemke, Earl F. (1969), Battle for Berlin: end of the Third Reich, New York: Ballantine
- Ziemke, Earl F. (2002), Stalingrad to Berlin: The German Defeat in the East, Washington D.C.: Government Printing Office
Bacaan lanjut
- Konev, I. v (1969), Year of Victory, Moscow: Progress Publishers.
- Советская военная энциклопедия (Soviet Military Encyclopedia), vol. 6 (In Russian).
- The Soviet Military Encyclopedia, A-F: ISBN 0-8133-1429-1, G-O: ISBN 0-8133-1430-5, P-Z: ISBN 0-8133-1431-3