Omega-3 masna kiselina
Tipovi masti u hrani |
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Vidi još |
n−3 masne kiseline (
Esencijalne masne kiseline su molekuli koji se ne mogu sintetisati u ljudskom telu ali su vitalni za normalni metabolizam. Jedna od dve familije esencijalnih masnih kiselina su omega-3 masne kiseline.
Ugljenični lanac ima dva kraja -- kiselinski (COOH) kraj i metilni (CH3) kraj. Lokacija prve dvostruke veze se numeriše sa metilnog kraja, koji je takođe poznat kao omega (
Prehrambeno važne n−3 masne kiseline su
Uobičajeni izvori n–3 masnih kiselina su riblje ulje i neka biljna ulja, kao što su ulja lana i algi.
Sisari ne mogu da sintetišu n−3 masne kiseline, ali imaju ograničenu sposobnost formiranja dugolančanih n−3 masnih kiselina EPA (20 ugljenika) i DHA (22 ugljenika) iz masne kiseline ALA sa osamnaest ugljenika.
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/ALAnumbering.svg/360px-ALAnumbering.svg.png)
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/EPAnumbering.png/360px-EPAnumbering.png)
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/DHAnumbering.png/360px-DHAnumbering.png)
N−3 masne kiseline koje su važne u ljudskoj fiziologiji su
Jod se može dodati na dvostruke veze dokozaheksaenoinske i arahidonske kiseline, čime se formiraju jodolipidi.[2][3][4][5]
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Semillas_de_Ch%C3%ADa.jpg/220px-Semillas_de_Ch%C3%ADa.jpg)
Ova tabela sadrži nekoliko različitih imena uobičajenih n−3 masnih kiselina nađenih u prirodi.
Uobičajeno ime | Lipidno ime | Hemijsko ime |
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Heksadekatrienoinska kiselina (HTA) | 16:3 (n−3) | sve-cis-7,10,13-heksadekatrienoinska kiselina |
18:3 (n−3) | sve-cis-9,12,15-octadecatrienoic kiselina | |
Stearidonska kiselina (SDA) | 18:4 (n−3) | sve-cis-6,9,12,15-oktadekatetraenoinska kiselina |
Eikozatrienoinska kiselina (ETE) | 20:3 (n−3) | sve-cis-11,14,17-eikozatrienoinska kiselina |
Eikozatetraenoinska kiselina (ETA) | 20:4 (n−3) | sve-cis-8,11,14,17-eikozatetraenoinska kiselina |
Eikozapentaenoinska kiselina (EPA) | 20:5 (n−3) | sve-cis-5,8,11,14,17-eikozapentaenoinska kiselina |
Heneikozapentaenoinska kiselina (HPA) | 21:5 (n−3) | sve-cis-6,9,12,15,18-heneikozapentaenoinska kiselina |
Dokozapentaenoinska kiselina (DPA), Klupadonska kiselina |
22:5 (n−3) | sve-cis-7,10,13,16,19-dokosapentaenoinska kiselina |
Dokozaheksaenoinska kiselina (DHA) | 22:6 (n−3) | sve-cis-4,7,10,13,16,19-dokozaheksaenoinska kiselina |
Tetrakozapentaenoinska kiselina | 24:5 (n−3) | sve-cis-9,12,15,18,21-tetrakozapentaenoinska kiselina |
Tetrakozaheksaenoinska kiselina (Nisininska kiselina) | 24:6 (n−3) | sve-cis-6,9,12,15,18,21-tetrakozaheksaenoinska kiselina |
- ↑ Bruce Alberts, Alexander Johnson, Julian Lewis, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts, Peter Walter (2002). Molecular Biology of the Cell. New York: Garlard Science. ISBN 0-8153-3218-1.
- ↑ Venturi S; Bégin ME (2010). „Thyroid Hormone, Iodine and Human Brain Evolution”. u: Cunnane S; Stewart K. Environmental Influences on Human Brain Evolution. John Wiley & Sons. str. 105–124. ISBN 978-0-470-45268-4.
- ↑ Cocchi, M.; Venturi, S. (2000). „Iodide, antioxidant function and Omega-6 and Omega-3 fatty acids: a new hypothesis of a biochemical cooperation?”. Progress in Nutrition 2: 15–19.
- ↑ Ingenbleek, Y; Jung, L; Férard, G; Bordet, F; Goncalves, AM; Dechoux, L (1997). „Iodised rapeseed oil for eradication of severe endemic goitre”. Lancet 350 (9090): 1542–5. DOI:10.1016/S0140-6736(97)02427-6. PMID 9388412.
- ↑ Ingenbleek Y, Jung L, Férard G (2000). „Brassiodol: A new iodised oil for eradication of endemic goitre”. Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology 13 (1): 85–96. DOI:10.1002/(SICI)1520-670X(2000)13:1<85::AID-JTRA10>3.0.CO;2-E.
- Bell, J.G.; MacKinlay, EE; Dick, JR; MacDonald, DJ; Boyle, RM; Glen, AC (2004). „Essential fatty acids and phospholipase A2 in autistic spectrum disorders”. Prostaglandins Leukot.Essent.Fatty Acids 71 (4): 201–204. DOI:10.1016/j.plefa.2004.03.008. PMID 15301788.
- Cunnane SC (2006). „Survival of the fattest: the key to human brain evolution.”. Medécine/Sciences : M/S 22 (6-7): 659–63. DOI:10.1051/medsci/20062267659. PMID 16828044.
- Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine of the National Academies (2005). Dietary Reference Intakes For Energy, Carbohydrate, Fiber, Fat, Fatty Acids, Cholesterol, Protein, and Amino Acids. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. ISBN 0-309-08537-3. http://newton.nap.edu/books/0309085373/html/770.html[mrtav link].
- Hibbeln JR, Nieminen LR, Blasbalg TL, Riggs JA, Lands WE.(2006). "Healthy intakes of n−3 and n−6 fatty acids: estimations considering worldwide diversity". Am J Clin Nutr. 83(6 Suppl):1483S–1493S.
- Lands, William E.M. "Fish, Omega-3 and Human Health" Champaign. AOCS Press. 2005 ISBN 1-893997-81-2
- Ohara, K. (2007). „The n−3 polyunsaturated fatty acid/dopamine hypothesis of schizophrenia”. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 31 (2): 469–474. DOI:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2006.11.013. PMID 17184889.
- Richardson, A.J.; Ross, M.A. (2000). „Fatty acid metabolism in neurodevelopmental disorder: a new perspective on associations between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, dyslexia, dyspraxia and the autistic spectrum”. Prostaglandins Leukot.Essent.Fatty Acids 63 (1–2): 1–9. DOI:10.1054/plef.2000.0184. PMID 10970706.
- Robson, A. (2006). „Shellfish view of omega-3 and sustainable fisheries”. Nature 444 (7122): 1002. DOI:10.1038/4441002d.
- Robson, A. (2007). „Preventing the diseases of civilisation: shellfish, the omega-3:6 balance and human health”. Shellfish News 23: 25–27. Arhivirano iz originala na datum 2011-09-27. Pristupljeno 2014-04-03.
- Scher, J.; Pillinger, M. (2005). „15d-PGJ2: The anti-inflammatory prostaglandin?”. Clinical Immunology 114 (2): 100–109. DOI:10.1016/j.clim.2004.09.008. PMID 15639643.
- Tribole, Evelyn. "The Ultimate Omega-3 Diet" New York. McGraw-Hill. 2007 ISBN 978-0-07-146986-9
- Young, G.; Conquer, J (2005). „Omega-3 fatty acids and neuropsychiatric disorders”. Reprod.Nutr.Dev 45 (1): 1–28. DOI:10.1051/rnd:2005001. PMID 15865053.
- Allport, Susan. The Queen of Fats: Why Omega-3s Were Removed from the Western Diet and What We Can Do to Replace Them. University of California Press, September 2006. ISBN 978-0-520-24282-1.
- Boyd, Hillary & Basant, Puri K. The Natural Way to Beat Depression: the groundbreaking discovery of EPA to change your life. London. Hodder and Stoughton. 2004. ISBN 0-340-82497-2
- Chow, Ching Kuang (2001). Fatty Acids in Foods and Their Health Implications. New York: Routledge Publishing.
- Clover, Charles. The End of the Line: How overfishing is changing the world and what we eat. Ebury Press, London 2004. ISBN 0-09-189780-7
- Udo Erasmus Fats That Heal, Fats That Kill. 3rd ed. Burnaby (BC): Alive Books; 1993.
- Smithers, Lois. The Food Industry's Greed. How Misleading Labeling of Omega-3 Foods Undermines American Health.
- Stoll, Andrew L. The Omega-3 Connection. Simon & Schuster 2001. ISBN 0-684-87138-6.