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hard, sharp cow’s-milk cheese used primarily in grated form. The original Parmigiano-Reggiano is produced within a strictly delineated region in Italy that includes the towns of Parma, Modena, and Mantua and part of Bologna. The official name, along with the year the cheese was made, is stenciled on the rind of the approximately 75-pound (34-kilogram) cylinders. The tough, brownish-gold oil...

Italian painter who was one of the first artists to develop the elegant and sophisticated version of Mannerist style that became a formative influence on the post-High Renaissance generation....

Italian painter who was one of the first artists to develop the elegant and sophisticated version of Mannerist style that became a formative influence on the post-High Renaissance generation....

hard, sharp cow’s-milk cheese used primarily in grated form. The original Parmigiano-Reggiano is produced within a strictly delineated region in Italy that includes the towns of Parma, Modena, and Mantua and part of Bologna. The official name, along with the year the cheese was made, is stenciled on the rind of the approximately 75-pound (34-kilogram) cylinders. The tough, brownish-gold oil...

port city, northwestern Piauí estado (state), northeastern Brazil. It is located on the Igaraçu River, an outlet of the Parnaíba River, 9 miles (14 km) upstream from the Atlantic Ocean. Founded in 1761 and given city status in 1884, Parnaíba is the most important trade and distributing centre of the state...

...followed the previous Paleozoic sutures along the western side of the continent. Crustal extension reactivated the inner part of the supercontinent as well, with an increase in subsidence in the Parnaiba and Paraná intracratonic basins, where deposits of Triassic age have been recovered from core samples....

river, northeastern Brazil, rising in the Serra da Tabatinga and flowing north-northeastward for 1,056 mi (1,700 km) to empty into the Atlantic Ocean, forming a delta at its mouth. In addition to marking the border between the states of Maranhão and Piauí, the Parnaíba has great economic importance. Although its middle and upper reaches are interrupted by waterfalls, it is nav...

...as a biographer and theoretician than as a painter. The first complete biography of Velázquez appeared in the third volume (El Parnaso español; “The Spanish Parnassus”) of El museo pictórico y escala óptica (“The Pictorial Museum and Optical Scale”), published in 1724 by the court......

...to the mythology, epics, and sagas of exotic lands and past civilizations, notably India and ancient Greece. The Parnassians derived their name from the anthology to which they contributed: Le Parnasse Contemporain (3 vol., 1866, 1871, 1876), edited by Louis-Xavier de Ricard and Catulle Mendès and published by Alphonse Lemerre. Their principles, though, had been formulated......

(Parnassia), any of about 15 species of low perennial herbs, in the family Parnassiaceae, distributed throughout the Northern Hemisphere. The plants grow in tufts and bear white, greenish white, or yellow flowers. Five sterile stamens bearing nectar glands alternate with five fertile stamens in each flower. Grass of Parnassus is occasionally planted in damp, shady places near bodies of wat...

member of a group—headed by Charles-Marie-René Leconte de Lisle—of 19th-century French poets who stressed restraint, objectivity, technical perfection, and precise description as a reaction against the emotionalism and verbal imprecision of the Romantics....

any member of the insect subfamily Parnassiinae of the cosmopolitan family Papilionidae (order Lepidoptera). The parnassian (Parnassius), also known as apollo, found in mountainous alpine regions in Asia, Europe, and North America, is a medium-sized butterfly, generally with translucent white, yellow, or gray wings with dark markings and usually a red or orange spot on the hindwing....

any member of the insect subfamily Parnassiinae of the cosmopolitan family Papilionidae (order Lepidoptera). The parnassian (Parnassius), also known as apollo, found in mountainous alpine regions in Asia, Europe, and North America, is a medium-sized butterfly, generally with translucent white, yellow, or gray wings with dark markings and usually a red or orange spot on the hindwing.......

member of a group—headed by Charles-Marie-René Leconte de Lisle—of 19th-century French poets who stressed restraint, objectivity, technical perfection, and precise description as a reaction against the emotionalism and verbal imprecision of the Romantics....

any member of the insect subfamily Parnassiinae of the cosmopolitan family Papilionidae (order Lepidoptera). The parnassian (Parnassius), also known as apollo, found in mountainous alpine regions in Asia, Europe, and North America, is a medium-sized butterfly, generally with translucent white, yellow, or gray wings with dark markings and usually a red or orange spot on the hindwing....

any member of the insect subfamily Parnassiinae of the cosmopolitan family Papilionidae (order Lepidoptera). The parnassian (Parnassius), also known as apollo, found in mountainous alpine regions in Asia, Europe, and North America, is a medium-sized butterfly, generally with translucent white, yellow, or gray wings with dark markings and usually a red or orange spot on the hindwing....

any member of the insect subfamily Parnassiinae of the cosmopolitan family Papilionidae (order Lepidoptera). The parnassian (Parnassius), also known as apollo, found in mountainous alpine regions in Asia, Europe, and North America, is a medium-sized butterfly, generally with translucent white, yellow, or gray wings with dark markings and usually a red or orange spot on the hindwing.......

mountain barren limestone spur of the Pindus Mountains, central Greece, running northwest–southeast on the borders of the nomoí (departments) of Phocis, Fthiótis, and Boeotia. Rising to a maximum elevation of 8,061 ft (2,457 m) in Mt. Parnassus, within sight of Delphi, it extends to Cape Opus on the Gulf of Corinth. In ancient times Parnassus was sacred to the Dorians a...

...of the German archaeologist and art critic J.J. Winckelmann. He came to share Winckelmann’s enthusiasm for classical antiquity, and, upon its completion in 1761, his fresco Parnassus at the Villa Albani in Rome created a sensation and helped establish the ascendancy of Neoclassical painting. Mengs also continued to paint portraits during this period, competin...

...the Madonna of the Victory (1496) to commemorate his supposed victory at the Battle of Fornovo. In the last years of his life, Mantegna painted the Parnassus (1497), a picture celebrating the marriage of Isabella d’Este to Francesco Gonzaga in 1490, and Wisdom Overcoming the Vices (1502) for Isabella...

(Parnassia), any of about 15 species of low perennial herbs, in the family Parnassiaceae, distributed throughout the Northern Hemisphere. The plants grow in tufts and bear white, greenish white, or yellow flowers. Five sterile stamens bearing nectar glands alternate with five fertile stamens in each flower. Grass of Parnassus is occasionally planted in damp, shady places near bodies of wat...

mountain barren limestone spur of the Pindus Mountains, central Greece, running northwest–southeast on the borders of the nomoí (departments) of Phocis, Fthiótis, and Boeotia. Rising to a maximum elevation of 8,061 ft (2,457 m) in Mt. Parnassus, within sight of Delphi, it extends to Cape Opus on the Gulf of Corinth. In ancient times Parnassus was sacred to the Dorians a...

...the Saturday Review of Literature (1924–41) and from collections of essays and columns such as Shandygaff (1918). His first novel was the popular Parnassus on Wheels (1917), about an itinerant bookseller’s adventures and romance. His other novels include the innovative The Trojan Horse (1937), a combination of prose, ...

The monoamine oxidase inhibitors—chiefly isocarboxazid, phenelzine, and tranylcypromine—in general are used only after treatment with tricyclic drugs has proved unsatisfactory, because these drugs’ side effects are unpredictable and their complex interactions are incompletely understood. The MAOs apparently achieve their effect by interfering with the action of monoamine oxida...

Irish nationalist, member of the British Parliament (1875–91), and the leader of the struggle for Irish Home Rule in the late 19th century. In 1889–90 he was ruined by proof of his adultery with Katherine O’Shea, whom he subsequently married....

...son of a Roman Catholic solicitor in Dublin. Educated at Oscott and at Trinity College, Dublin, he became a cornet of the 18th Hussars in 1858 and was retired as captain in 1862. In 1867 he married Katharine, sixth daughter of the Reverend Sir John Page Wood of Rivenhall Place, Essex. The O’Sheas had one son, Gerard, and two daughters. It is not clear when O’Shea became aware of t...

Irish poet, essayist, and friend of Alexander Pope, who relied on Parnell’s scholarship in his translation of the Iliad. Parnell’s poetry, written in heroic couplets, was esteemed by Pope for its lyric quality and stylistic ease. Among his best poems are “An Elegy to an Old Beauty” and “Night Piece on Death,” sa...

one of three nomadic or seminomadic tribes in the confederacy of the Dahae living east of the Caspian Sea; its members founded the Parthian empire. After the death of Alexander the Great (323 bc) the Parni apparently moved southward into the region of Parthia and perhaps eastward into Bactria. They seem to have adopted the speech of the native Parthians and been ab...

Polish historical novelist who modernized the genre through his interest in psychoanalysis and his use of innovative narrative techniques....

city, Estonia, at the mouth of the Pärnu River on Pärnu Bay of the Gulf of Riga. First mentioned in 1251 as a member of the Hanseatic League, Pärnu was successively controlled by the Teutonic Knights, the Poles, the Swedes, and the Russians. It is now significant as an Estonian port, holiday resort, and centre of light industry, including food, wood, and leather processing. Po...

Estonia abounds in rivers, which flow to the Gulf of Finland, to the Gulf of Riga, and into Lake Peipus. The longest river, the Pärnu, stretches for about 90 miles (145 km); other important rivers are the Pedja, Narva, and Kasari. The country’s largest lake is Peipus, with a surface area of about 1,370 square miles (3,550 square km), which is shared with Russia. Lake Võrts is....

town, western Bhutan, in the Himalayas on the Paro River. Centred on Fort Paro, a large rectangular building with a seven-story tower, it was the main cultural, commercial, and political centre of the country until the national capital was settled at Thimphu in 1962; Paro remains the summer capital. It is connected by the Indo-Bhutan National Highway to Phuntsholing on the Indian border, and it h...

Other cardinals belong to the genus Paroaria. The red-crested cardinal (P. coronata), also known as the Brazilian cardinal, has a red head, a white belly, and gray wings. Though native to Brazil, Argentina, Paraguay, Uruguay, and Bolivia, it occasionally can be seen visiting the eastern coast of the United States. It was introduced to Hawaii in 1928......

The shamrock pea (Parochetus communis), a creeping legume with bicoloured blue and pink flowers, is grown in pots and in hanging baskets....

...Church (1837), the classic statement of the Tractarian doctrine of authority; the University Sermons (1843), similarly classical for the theory of religious belief; and above all his Parochial and Plain Sermons (1834–42), which in their published form took the principles of the movement, in their best expression, into the country at large....

education offered institutionally by a religious group. In the United States, parochial education refers to the schooling obtained in elementary and secondary schools that are maintained by Roman Catholic parishes, Protestant churches, or Jewish organizations; that are separate from the public school systems; and that provide instruction based on sectarian principles....

education offered institutionally by a religious group. In the United States, parochial education refers to the schooling obtained in elementary and secondary schools that are maintained by Roman Catholic parishes, Protestant churches, or Jewish organizations; that are separate from the public school systems; and that provide instruction based on sectarian principles.......

...as well. This dissolution is also to be found in sculpture of the period, such as in the proto-Rococo figures of Filippo Carcani (active 1670–90) in Rome and, to a lesser extent, in those of Filippo Parodi (1630–1702) in Genoa, Venice, and Naples. Outside Venice and Sicily the true Rococo made little headway in Italy....

any of 25 species in the genus Parodia, family Cactaceae, native in grasslands of South America. Small, globose to cylindroid, they are commonly cultivated as potted plants. P. scopa and P. leninghausii (silver ball and golden ball cacti, respectively) are most common and are valued for their woolly hair. These and other hairy species have small, often yellow to red flowers, s...

...family Cactaceae, native in grasslands of South America. Small, globose to cylindroid, they are commonly cultivated as potted plants. P. scopa and P. leninghausii (silver ball and golden ball cacti, respectively) are most common and are valued for their woolly hair. These and other hairy species have small, often yellow to red flowers, sometimes only about 1 cm (0.5 inch) in......

...Parodia, family Cactaceae, native in grasslands of South America. Small, globose to cylindroid, they are commonly cultivated as potted plants. P. scopa and P. leninghausii (silver ball and golden ball cacti, respectively) are most common and are valued for their woolly hair. These and other hairy species have small, often yellow to red flowers, sometimes only about 1 cm......

...he began writing plays in 1947. Believing that God is dead and that life’s meaning is unobtainable, Adamov turned to a private, metaphysical interpretation of Communistic ideals. His first play, La Parodie, features a handless clock that looms eerily over characters who are constantly questioning one another about time. The world of the play is a parody of man, whom Adamov saw as....

...were first performed in Athens for the religious festival of Dionysus. They gradually took on a six-part structure: an introduction, in which the basic fantasy is explained and developed; the parodos, entry of the chorus; the contest, or agon, a ritualized debate between opposing principals, usually stock characters; the parabasis, in which the chorus addresses the......

in music, originally the creative reworking of several voice parts of a preexistent composition to form a new composition, frequently a mass; in modern musical usage, parody usually refers to the humorous imitation of a serious composition. The earliest known parody masses date from the late 14th century, and the procedure became common in the 15th and 16th centuries. The composer of a parody mas...

(Greek parōidía, “a song sung alongside another”), in literature, a form of satirical criticism or comic mockery that imitates the style and manner of a particular writer or school of writers so as to emphasize the weakness of the writer or the overused conventions of the school. Differing from burlesque by the depth of its technical penetrati...

(Greek parōidía, “a song sung alongside another”), in literature, a form of satirical criticism or comic mockery that imitates the style and manner of a particular writer or school of writers so as to emphasize the weakness of the writer or the overused conventions of the school. Differing from burlesque by the depth of its technical penetrati...

(Greek parōidía, “a song sung alongside another”), in literature, a form of satirical criticism or comic mockery that imitates the style and manner of a particular writer or school of writers so as to emphasize the weakness of the writer or the overused conventions of the school. Differing from burlesque by the depth of its technical penetrati...

supervised conditional release from prison granted prior to the expiration of a sentence....

...study and asserted that the principles and methodology of each approach are distinct and mutually exclusive. He also introduced two terms that have become common currency in linguistics—“parole,” or the speech of the individual person, and “langue,” or a systematic, structured language, such as English, existing at a given time within a given society. His......

...study and asserted that the principles and methodology of each approach are distinct and mutually exclusive. He also introduced two terms that have become common currency in linguistics—“parole,” or the speech of the individual person, and “langue,” or a systematic, structured language, such as English, existing at a given time within a given society. His........

...Louis Aragon, and André Breton and renewed, in their style, the ancient tradition of oral poetry that led him to a highly popular form of “song poems,” which were collected in Paroles (1945; “Words”). Many were put to music by Josef Kosma and reached a vast audience of young people who liked Prévert’s anticlerical, anarchistic, iconoclasti...

The aminoglycosides (streptomycin, neomycin, paromomycin, amikacin, and tobramycin) all inhibit protein synthesis. The aminoglycosides are poorly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, so, with some exceptions, they are given parenterally. Neomycin is very toxic to kidney cells and is no longer used parenterally. It is only used topically. Streptomycin was the first of the aminoglycosides to......

...arose; outstanding among them were Nahapet Kuchak and, especially, Aruthin Sayadian, called Sayat-Nova (d. 1795), whose love songs are still popular. In the 19th and early 20th centuries, Hakob Paronian and Ervand Otian were notable satirical novelists, and Grigor Zohrab wrote realist short stories. Paronian was also a comic playwright, whose plays still entertain Armenian audiences.......

a humorous use of a word in such a way as to suggest different meanings or applications, or a play on words, as in the use of the word rings in the following nursery rhyme: Ride a cock-horse to Banbury Cross,To see a fine lady upon a white horse; Rings on her fingers and bells on her toes,She shall have music wherever she goes....

...Province (east), and by Farāh Province (south). Herāt is relatively flat except in the east, where the western outliers of the Hindu Kush range penetrate; the largest of these is the Selseleh-ye Safīd Kūh (Paropamisus Range). The province is traversed from east to west by the Harīrūd (river), along which most of the people live in agricultural oases. Th...

...in males of some cercopids, membracids, fulgorids, and cicadellids and in females of certain cicadellids. In Doratura both sexes have well developed sound-producing organs. The female of Paropia has a striated timbal that is poorly developed in the male. The sound-producing organ in the female is probably a primitive condition. Unlike cicadas, several leafhopper males produce......

island, one of the Cyclades in the Aegean Sea, Greece, separated from Náxos on the east by a channel 4 mi (6 km) wide. With an area of 75 sq mi (194.5 sq km), it is formed by a single peak, Profítis Ilías (classical Marpessa), 2,530 ft (771 m) in height, which slopes evenly on all sides to a maritime plain that is broadest on the northeast and southwest sides. The island is ma...

In addition to numerous small glands in the tongue, palate, lips, and cheeks, human beings have three pairs of major salivary glands that open into the mouth through well-developed ducts. The parotid salivary glands, the largest of the three, are located between the ear and ascending branch of the lower jaw. Each gland is enclosed in a tissue capsule and is composed of fat tissue and cells that......

In addition to numerous small glands in the tongue, palate, lips, and cheeks, human beings have three pairs of major salivary glands that open into the mouth through well-developed ducts. The parotid salivary glands, the largest of the three, are located between the ear and ascending branch of the lower jaw. Each gland is enclosed in a tissue capsule and is composed of fat tissue and cells that......

acute contagious disease caused by a virus and characterized by inflammatory swelling of the salivary glands. It frequently occurs as an epidemic and most commonly affects young persons who are between 5 and 15 years of age....

in Christianity, the future return of Christ in glory, when it is understood that he will set up his kingdom, judge his enemies, and reward the faithful, living and dead. Early Christians believed the Advent to be imminent (see millennium), and most Christian theologians since then have believed that the visible appearance of Jesus may occur at any mome...

Most disorders of cardiac rate and rhythm in childhood are benign. An exception is paroxysmal atrial tachycardia, a disorder characterized by a steady, rapid heart rate, which in infants may exceed 300 beats per minute. If the disorder persists, it may lead to heart failure. Treatment with digitalis usually restores normal rhythm....

...it is used as a specific laboratory test for antigen–antibody reactions. Hemolysis caused by physical agents is rare in the living because of body buffering systems; but in the disease paroxysmal cold hemoglobinuria, exposure to cold causes self-produced hemolyzing agents to destroy the individual’s own red cells. ...

...shortness of breath. Shortness of breath on lying down is called orthopnea and is a major symptom of heart failure. In addition, the patient may experience acute shortness of breath while sleeping (paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea) that is related to circulatory inadequacy and fluid overload. When this occurs, the patient is awakened suddenly and suffers severe anxiety and breathlessness that may.....

national park, southern Chile, on the Pacific coast. Established in 1945, it occupies an area of 2,300 sq mi (5,900 sq km). One of its great attractions is Laguna San Rafael (Lake San Rafael), a fjord more than 10 mi (16 km) long between Península de Taitao and the mainland, into which Ventisquero (glacier) San Rafael flows. Created to preserve native fauna and flora from...

...Falls. Following boundary rectifications between Brazil and Argentina, two separate national parks were established, one by each country—Iguaçu National Park (1939) in Brazil and Iguazú National Park (1934) in Argentina. Both parks were created to preserve the vegetation, wildlife, and scenic beauty associated with the falls. In 1984 the Argentine park was designated a......

...the establishment of a national park at Iguaçu Falls. Following boundary rectifications between Brazil and Argentina, two separate national parks were established, one by each country—Iguaçu National Park (1939) in Brazil and Iguazú National Park (1934) in Argentina. Both parks were created to preserve the vegetation, wildlife, and scenic beauty associated with the.....

national park in Santa Cruz provincia, southwestern Argentina, in the Andes surrounding the western extensions of Lakes Argentino and Viedma, at the Chilean border. It has an area of 1,722 square miles (4,459 square km) and was established in 1937. The park has two distinct regions—forests and grassy plains in the east and needlelike peaks, lakes, large glaciers, and snowfields in th...

national park in Río Negro and Neuquén provinces, southwestern Argentina; it encompasses Lake Nahuel Huapí in the Andes adjacent to the Chilean border. It originated as a reserve in 1903 with a private donation of 18,500 acres (7,500 hectares). It became Argentina’s first national park in 1934 and has an area of 2,927 square miles (7,581 square km). The park and adjacen...

zoo located in Mexico City on the original site of Montezuma’s game reserve. Opened in 1926, the zoo is administered by the municipal government. Its grounds cover 13.5 hectares (33 acres) and house nearly 2,000 specimens of about 280 species, mostly in Victorian-style caging. The zoo specializes in hoofed stock and hippopotamuses. It also has a pair of giant pandas and i...

...Paris in the 1850s and ’60s. The iron bridge depicted in The Pont de l’Europe (1876) typifies this interest in the modern urban environment, while The Parquet Floor Polishers (1875) is a realistic scene of urban craftsmen busily at work. Caillebotte’s masterpiece, Paris Street; Rainy Day ...

...and other stones suitable for polishing. Timber flooring, originally used in rough form for a strictly functional purpose, was eventually made into smooth boards, and was later used decoratively in parquetry designs....

The French governor of Martinique, Jacques-Dyel du Parquet, purchased Grenada from a French company in 1650 and established a settlement at St. George’s. Grenada remained French until 1762, when it capitulated to the British. It was formally ceded to Britain in 1763 by the Treaty of Paris. In 1779 it was recaptured by the French, but it was restored to Britain in 1783....

...and other stones suitable for polishing. Timber flooring, originally used in rough form for a strictly functional purpose, was eventually made into smooth boards, and was later used decoratively in parquetry designs....

sixth and last wife of King Henry VIII of England (ruled 1509–47)....

...1670 at the alleged age of 169 years; and Catherine, countess of Desmond, who died in 1604 at the alleged age of 140 years. William Harvey, a famous English physician, performed an autopsy on Thomas Parr and the account of the autopsy was cited for many years as evidence that Harvey—in his paper—had confirmed Parr’s age. Quite apart from the fact that it is impossible......

brother of Henry VIII’s queen Catherine Parr, and Protestant supporter of Lady Jane Grey and Queen Elizabeth I....

one of the most important Latin American poets of his time, the originator of so-called antipoetry (poetry that opposes traditional poetic techniques or styles)....

any of numerous seed-eating parrots of small size, slender build, and long, tapering tail. In this sense the name is given to some 115 species in 30 genera of the subfamily Psittacinae (family Psittacidae) and has influenced another parrot name, lorikeet (see parrot). To indicate size only, the name is sometimes extended to little parrots with short, bl...

city, south-central Chihuahua estado (state), north-central Mexico. The city, renamed in honour of the patriot Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla, lies on the Parral River 5,449 feet (1,661 m) above sea level and south of Chihuahua, the state capital. An important mining town in the 16th century, it still processes and exports the lead, zinc, silver, copper, and gold that are mined nearby. The city ...

city within the Sydney metropolitan area, New South Wales, Australia. It lies along the 15-mile- (24-km-) long Parramatta River (which enters Port Jackson harbour). The second European settlement in Australia, it was founded in 1788 by Governor Arthur Phillip as a western outlying farm colony of Sydney. Initially called Rose Hill, it was renamed Parramatta, an Aboriginal word me...

organist who exerted great influence by his understanding of Bach. At age 11 he was organist at a local church, and later held positions as organist of Magdalen College, Oxford (1872) and St. George’s Chapel, Windsor (1882); professor of music, Oxford (1908–18); and teacher of organ at the Royal College of Music, London (1883–1923). In 1893 he became organis...

one of the greatest painters of ancient Greece....

When World War II ended in Europe in May 1945, all the anti-Fascist parties formed a predominantly northern government led by the Resistance hero and Party of Action leader Ferruccio Parri. The CLNs continued to administer the northern regions and the larger northern factories for a short time. Up to 15,000 Fascists were purged or killed, and in some areas (such as Emilia and Tuscany) reprisals......

American literary historian and teacher noted for his far-reaching appraisal of American literary history....

American literary historian and teacher noted for his far-reaching appraisal of American literary history....

American architect, a principal exponent of the Greek Revival style in early 19th-century Massachusetts....

one of the Sea Islands on the Atlantic coast, in Port Royal Sound, just south of Port Royal Island, in Beaufort county, southern South Carolina, U.S. Spanish Franciscans and Jesuits came there in the 1520s and attempted to establish missions among the Native Americans. In 1562 the French built Charlesfort on the southern tip of the island. I...

American philanthropist whose school for indigent girls, founded in the late 18th century, existed well into the 20th....

American philanthropist whose school for indigent girls, founded in the late 18th century, existed well into the 20th.......

American educator who worked in the South to open higher education to women and to promote progressive education for children....

American illustrator and painter who was perhaps the most popular commercial artist in the United States in the first half of the 20th century....

American illustrator and painter who was perhaps the most popular commercial artist in the United States in the first half of the 20th century....

U.S. child actor who appeared as a newsboy in Charlie Chaplin’s City Lights and later earned an Academy Award for film editing for Body and Soul and plaudits for his direction of such films as Cry Danger and The Purple Plain (b. Jan. 4, 1916--d. Dec. 4, 1995)....

...(1950; “Fables of the Dictatorship”), a satire on fascism. He also wrote two early collections of poetry. His first significant novel, Le parrocchie de regalpetra (1956; Salt in the Wound), chronicles the history of a small Sicilian town and the effect of politics on the lives of the townspeople. He further examined what he termed sicilitudine......

...the general name parrot may be applied. All belong to just two families. In the family Psittacidae are parakeets (including the budgerigars, rosellas, and conures), lovebirds, amazons, macaws, and parrotlets (or parrolets), in addition to the lorikeets (including lories) as well as the kea and the kakapo of New Zealand. Members of the cockatoo family, Cacatuidae, live only in the region of......

...Ford Coppola and Edmund H. North for PattonAdapted Screenplay: Ring Lardner, Jr., for M*A*S*HCinematography: Freddie Young for Ryan’s DaughterArt Direction: Urie McCleary and Gil Parrondo for PattonOriginal Score: Francis Lai for Love StoryOriginal Song Score: The Beatles for Let It BeSong Original for the Picture: “For......

term applied to a large group of gaudy, raucous birds of the family Psittacidae. Parrot also is used in reference to any member of a larger bird group, order Psittaciformes, which includes cockatoos (family Cacatuidae) as well. Parrots have been kept as cage birds since ancient times, and they have always been popular because th...

any member of the group of more than 360 species of generally brightly coloured, noisy birds, to which the general name parrot may be applied. All belong to just two families. In the family Psittacidae are parakeets (including the budgerigars, rosellas, and conures), lovebird...

infectious disease of worldwide distribution caused by a bacterial parasite (Chlamydia psittaci) and transmitted to humans from various birds. The infection has been found in about 70 different species of birds; parrots and parakeets (Psittacidae, from which the disease is named), pigeons, turkeys, ducks, and geese are the principal sources of human infection....