欽察
欽察
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Premongol-Kipchak.png/300px-Premongol-Kipchak.png)
Kipchaks、Kypchaks[1]、 Qipchaqs、Qypchaqs | |
卡拉恰伊- | |
Qipchoq, Қипчоқ | |
哈薩 |
Қыпшақ |
Кыпчак | |
Къыпчакъ | |
Кыпчак | |
Kuman |
欽察
歷史
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欽察
钦察
11
1237
宗教
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欽察
語 言
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欽察
后 裔
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“ | ” |
註釋
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- ^ Grousset, René. "The Empire of the Steppes: A History of Central Asia". Rutgers University Press, 1988. page 185 (页面
存 档备份,存 于互联网档案 馆) - ^
大 英 百科全書 在 線 - Kipchak (页面存 档备份,存 于互联网档案 馆) - ^ Clauson, Gerard. An Etymological Dictionary of Pre-13th Century Turkish. Oxford University Press. 1972: 581.
- ^ 4.0 4.1 Agajanov 1992,
第 74頁 . - ^ Golden 1990,
第 278頁 . - ^ Golden 1990,
第 279頁 . - ^ Vásáry 2005,
第 6頁 . - ^ Roux 1997,
第 242頁 .
參考 文獻
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- 《
多 桑 蒙 古史 》
- Agajanov, S. G. The States of the Oghuz, the Kimek and the Kipchak. History of Civilizations of Central Asia, Volume IV: The Age of Achievement AD 750 to the End of the Fifteenth Century. Motilal Banarsidass. 1992: 61–76. ISBN 978-81-208-1595-7.
- Damgaard, P. B.; et al. 137 ancient human genomes from across the Eurasian steppes. Nature (Nature Research). May 9, 2018, 557 (7705): 369–373 [April 11, 2020]. Bibcode:2018Natur.557..369D. PMID 29743675. S2CID 13670282. doi:10.1038/s41586-018-0094-2. hdl:1887/3202709 . (
原始 内容 存 档于2020-02-21). - Ergin, Muharrem. Orhun Abideleri. İstanbul: Boğaziçi Yayınları. 1980 (
土 耳 其语). - Golden, Peter B. The peoples of the south Russian steppes. Sinor, Denis (编). The Cambridge History of Early Inner Asia. Cambridge University Press. 1990: 256–284. ISBN 978-0-521-24304-9.
- Golden, Peter B. An Introduction to the History of the Turkic People. Otto Harrassowitz, Wiesbaden. 1992.
- Golden, Peter B. Nurettin Demir , 编. Qıpčaq. Turcology and Linguistics. Éva Ágnes Csató Festschrift. 2014.
- Klyashtorny, Sergey. The Polovcian Problems (II): Qipčaqs, Comans, and Polovcians. Acta Orientalia Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae (Szeged, Hungary: Akadémiai Kiadó). 2005, 58 (3): 243–248 [2023-08-21]. JSTOR 23658648. doi:10.1556/AOrient.58.2005.5.2. (
原始 内容 存 档于2023-07-19). - Lee, Joo-Yup; Kuang, Shuntu. A Comparative Analysis of Chinese Historical Sources and y-dna Studies with Regard to the Early and Medieval Turkic Peoples. Inner Asia. 2017-10-18, 19 (2): 197–239 [2023-08-21]. ISSN 2210-5018. doi:10.1163/22105018-12340089 . (
原始 内容 存 档于2020-03-04). - Vásáry, István. Cumans and Tatars: Oriental Military in the Pre-Ottoman Balkans, 1185–1365. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press. 2005. ISBN 978-0-5218-3756-9.
- Zuev, Yury. Rannie tyurki: ocherki istorii i ideologii. Almaty: Daik Press. 2002 (
俄 语).
參 見
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延伸 阅读
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