共同 安全 与 防 务政策
| |
1999( | |
2009( | |
军力 | |
1,410,626 (2016)[1] | |
備役 | 2,330,803 |
€223.4 billion ($249.3 billion) (2018)[2] | |
佔GDP | 1.4% (2018)[3] |
参考 文献 [编辑]
- ^ Defence Data Portal (页面
存 档备份,存 于互联网档案 馆), Official 2005–2017 defence statistics from the European Defence Agency - ^ 引证错误:
没 有 为名为eda.europa2
的 参考 文献 提供 内容 - ^ DEFENCE DATA 2017-2018. [2021-10-02]. (
原始 内容 存 档于2022-05-17).
延伸 閱讀[编辑]
- Book - What ambitions for European defence in 2020?, European Union Institute for Security Studies
- Book - European Security and Defence Policy: The first 10 years (1999-2009), European Union Institute for Security Studies
- "Guide to the ESDP" nov.2008 edition(页面
存 档备份,存 于互联网档案 馆) Exhaustive guide on ESDP's missions, institutions and operations, written and edited by the Permanent representation of France to the European Union. - Nugent, Neill. The Government and Politics of the European Union. The European Union Series Paperback 630pp. Palgrave Macmillan, New York. 2006. ISBN 9780230000025.
- Howorth, Joylon. Security and Defence Policy in the European Union. The European Union Series Paperback 315pp. Palgrave Macmillan, New York. 2007. ISBN 0-333-63911-1.
- PhD Thesis on Civilian ESDP - EU Civilian crisis management (University of Geneva, 2008, 441 p. in French) (页面
存 档备份,存 于互联网档案 馆) - Hayes, Ben. NeoConOpticon: The EU Security-Industrial Complex Paperback, 84 pp. Transnational Institute/Statewatch. 2009. ISSN 1756-851X.
- Alexander Mattelaer, The Strategic Planning of EU Military Operations - The Case of EUFOR Tchad/RCAPDF (3.4 MB), IES Working Paper 5/2008, www.ies.be/WorkingPapers
- "The Russo-Georgian War and Beyond: towards a European Great Power Concert"(页面
存 档备份,存 于互联网档案 馆), Danish Institute of International Studies. - U.S Army Strategic Studies Institute (SSI), Operation EUFOR TCHAD/RCA and the EU's Common Security and Defense Policy. (页面
存 档备份,存 于互联网档案 馆), U.S. Army War College, October 2010
外部 連結 [编辑]
- Common Security and Defence Policy - European Union Institute for Security Studies
- Common Security and Defence Policy - Council of the European Union
- Analysis - Belgian Ministry of Foreign Affairs (页面
存 档备份,存 于互联网档案 馆)