社会しゃかい人格じんかく学がく

社会しゃかい人格じんかく学がく（英語えいご：Socionics）是ぜ一いち种1970年ねん诞生，将はた人格じんかく分ぶん为16种类型がた的てき心理しんり学がく理り论。此理论可以帮助じょ预测人じん与あずか人ひと之の间的关系^[1]。

人ひと与あずか人ひと之の间的关系是ぜ可か以预测的，坚信此点的てき人じん们将他た／她们的てき期き望もち寄よせ托たく于社会かい人格じんかく学がく之の上うえ。它是一个崭新的心理学理论，而体现这一关系的是被定义的16种人格じんかく类型。

人格じんかく类型，也被稱しょう作さく社会しゃかい人格じんかく类型，并非是ぜ短期たんき存在そんざい的てき，也不是ぜ在ざい一天或一年内就能被改变的。人格じんかく类型无关于个人的じんてき教育きょういく背景はいけい，所属しょぞく的てき文化ぶんか阶层以及他所よそ从事的てき职业，它关乎的是ぜ日常にちじょう环境中ちゅう人じん与あずか人ひと间信息いき上じょう的てき交换和行かずゆき为上的てき互动^[2]。每まい一种人格类型既有它的优势也有它的劣势：在ざい社交しゃこう过程中ちゅう的てき能のう动性便びん在ざい于多少たしょう地ち受到互动一方いっぽう的てき牵制。很多时候，属ぞく同どう一类型的两个人看似是一对双胞胎，但ただし事こと实上，他た们并不ふ存在そんざい血ち缘上的てき联系。这可能かのう是ぜ人格じんかく类型由よし遗传基もと因いん所しょ决定的てき一いち个证据すえ。

人格じんかく类型在ざい人ひと际关系けい中ちゅう扮ふん演えんじ比ひ教育きょういく更さら重要じゅうよう的てき角かく色しょく。心理しんり学がく包つつみ含有がんゆう若干じゃっかん种各不ふ相あい同どう的まと人じん际关系けい学理がくり论。但ただし很多心理しんり学がく家か会かい忽ゆるがせ略りゃく人格じんかく类型在ざい人ひと际关系けい中ちゅう的てき影かげ响力，而认为所有しょゆう现象都と取と决于人じん后きさき天てん所しょ受的影かげ响，如背后きさき的てき文化ぶんか背景はいけい，所しょ处的社会しゃかい阶层，个人的てき成なり长过程ほど和わ他た们拥有ゆう的てき职业等とう等とう。就算某ぼう些接受せつじゅ了りょう这人格じんかく类型一いち观点的てき专家，他た们也无法给出一いち个统一いち的てき答案とうあん。

参考さんこう文獻ぶんけん[编辑]

^ Blutner R., Hochnadel E. Two qubits for C.G. Jung’s theory of personality (PDF). Cognitive Systems Research. 2010, 11 (3): 243–259 [2015-07-30]. （原始げんし内容ないよう存そん档 (PDF)于2015-07-15）.
"Socionics was developed in the 1970s and 1980s mainly by the Lithuanian researcher Ausˇra Augustinavicˇiute. The name ‘socionics’ is derived from the word ‘society, since Augustinavicˇiute believed that each personality type has a distinct purpose in society, which can be described and explained by socionics. The system of socionics is in several respects similar to the MBTI; however, whereas the latter is dominantly used in the USA and Western Europe, the former is mainly used in Russia and Eastern Europe. For more information, the reader is referred to the website of the International Institute of Socionics and to several scientific journals edited by this institution（see http://socionic.info/en/esocjur.html#top）（页面存そん档备份，存そん于互联网档案あん馆）. Despite of several similarities there are also important differences. For instance, the MBTI is based on questionnaires with so-called forced-choice questions. Forcedchoice means that the individual has to choose only one of two possible answers to each question. Obviously, such tests are self-referential. That means they are based on judgments of persons about themselves. Socionics rejects the use of such questionnaires and is based on interviews and direct observation of certain aspects of human behavior instead. However, if personality tests are well constructed and their questions are answered properly, we expect results that often make sense. For that reason, we do not reject test questions principally, but we have to take into account their self-referential character. Another difference relates to the fact that socionics tries to understand Jung’s intuitive system and to provide a deeper explanation for it, mainly in terms of informational metabolism（Kepinski & PZWL, 1972）. Further, socionics is not so much a theory of personalities per se, but much more a theory of type relations providing an analysis of the relationships that arise as a consequence of the interaction of people with different personalities."
^ Fink G. and Mayrhofer W . Cross-cultural competence and management Archive.is的てき存そん檔，存そん档日期き2012-12-06 - setting the stage // European J. Cross-Cultural Competence and Management. - 2009 . - Vol. 1. - No. 1.
Personality profiling encompasses numerous models that arise from personality trait theory. In the context of this article, four models deserve special attention due to their importance in personality research and / or their appropriateness for the topic: Socionics（founded in the 1970s by Ausra Augustinavichiute, eg, Augustinavichiute, 1994, 1998）; cybernetic mindscape theory（Maruyama, 1980; Boje, 2004）; the five factor model (FFM), commonly called the 'big five "personality trait model（Costa and McCrae, 1992）; the personality type theory of the Myers-Briggs type inventory（MBTI, see McKenna et al., 2002）

外部がいぶ連結れんけつ[编辑]

International Institute of Socionics
typelab.ru （页面存そん档备份，存そん于互联网档案あん馆）

[blunter2010-1] Blutner R., Hochnadel E. Two qubits for C.G. Jung’s theory of personality (PDF). Cognitive Systems Research. 2010, 11 (3): 243–259 [2015-07-30]. （原始げんし内容ないよう存そん档 (PDF)于2015-07-15）.
"Socionics was developed in the 1970s and 1980s mainly by the Lithuanian researcher Ausˇra Augustinavicˇiute. The name ‘socionics’ is derived from the word ‘society, since Augustinavicˇiute believed that each personality type has a distinct purpose in society, which can be described and explained by socionics. The system of socionics is in several respects similar to the MBTI; however, whereas the latter is dominantly used in the USA and Western Europe, the former is mainly used in Russia and Eastern Europe. For more information, the reader is referred to the website of the International Institute of Socionics and to several scientific journals edited by this institution（see http://socionic.info/en/esocjur.html#top）（页面存そん档备份，存そん于互联网档案あん馆）. Despite of several similarities there are also important differences. For instance, the MBTI is based on questionnaires with so-called forced-choice questions. Forcedchoice means that the individual has to choose only one of two possible answers to each question. Obviously, such tests are self-referential. That means they are based on judgments of persons about themselves. Socionics rejects the use of such questionnaires and is based on interviews and direct observation of certain aspects of human behavior instead. However, if personality tests are well constructed and their questions are answered properly, we expect results that often make sense. For that reason, we do not reject test questions principally, but we have to take into account their self-referential character. Another difference relates to the fact that socionics tries to understand Jung’s intuitive system and to provide a deeper explanation for it, mainly in terms of informational metabolism（Kepinski & PZWL, 1972）. Further, socionics is not so much a theory of personalities per se, but much more a theory of type relations providing an analysis of the relationships that arise as a consequence of the interaction of people with different personalities."

[2] Fink G. and Mayrhofer W . Cross-cultural competence and management Archive.is的てき存そん檔，存そん档日期き2012-12-06 - setting the stage // European J. Cross-Cultural Competence and Management. - 2009 . - Vol. 1. - No. 1.
Personality profiling encompasses numerous models that arise from personality trait theory. In the context of this article, four models deserve special attention due to their importance in personality research and / or their appropriateness for the topic: Socionics（founded in the 1970s by Ausra Augustinavichiute, eg, Augustinavichiute, 1994, 1998）; cybernetic mindscape theory（Maruyama, 1980; Boje, 2004）; the five factor model (FFM), commonly called the 'big five "personality trait model（Costa and McCrae, 1992）; the personality type theory of the Myers-Briggs type inventory（MBTI, see McKenna et al., 2002）

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参考さんこう文獻ぶんけん[编辑]

外部がいぶ連結れんけつ[编辑]