迦勒迦河之 战
卡爾卡河 | |||||||
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斯模 欽察 | ||||||
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姆斯 姆斯 | ||||||
20,000–23,000 |
8,000–80,000 | ||||||
伤亡 | |||||||
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卡爾卡河
註腳[编辑]
- ^ de Hartog, Genghis Khan: Conqueror of the World, p. 118.
- ^ Gabriel, Subotai The Valiant: Genghis Khan's Greatest General, p. 100.
* de Hartog, Genghis Khan: Conqueror of the World, p. 118. - ^ John Fennell, The Crisis of Medieval Russia 1200–1304, pp. 66–68.
- ^ D.G. Khrustalev. Rus and the Mongol invasion (20 - 50's of XIII century). - SPb: Eurasia, 2013. - pp. 85–86
- ^ Khrustalev, p. 416
- ^ Sverdrup, p. 206
- ^ Gabriel, Subotai The Valiant: Genghis Khan's Greatest General, p. 98.
- ^ Spencer C. Tucker. A Global Chronology of Conflict: From the Ancient World to the Modern Middle East. - 23.12.2009. - pp. 426
- ^ The Novgorod First Chronicle, translated by R. Michell, and N. Forbes, London 1914.
參考 文獻 [编辑]
書籍 [编辑]
- Boldur, Alexandru (1992). "Istoria Basarabiei" Editura Victor Frunză, București.
- Cross, Samuel Hazzard, and Olgerd P. Sherbowitz-Wetzor, trans. (1953). Russian Primary Chronicle. Lavrentian Text Cambridge, MA: Medieval Academy of America.
- Fennell, John (1983). The Crisis of Medieval Russia 1200–1304. London and New York: Longman. ISBN 0-582-48150-3
- Gabriel, Richard (2004). Subotai The Valiant: Genghis Khan's Greatest General. Praeger Publishers. ISBN 0-275-97582-7
- de Hartog, Leo (1989). Genghis Khan: Conqueror of the World. I.B.Tauris. ISBN 1-85043-139-6
- Jackson, Peter (2005). The Mongols and the West, 1221–1410. Pearson Education Limited. ISBN 0-582-36896-0
- Marshall, Robert (1993). Storm from the East: From Genghis Khan to Khubilai Khan. University of California Press. ISBN 0-520-08300-8
- Martin, Janet (1995). Medieval Russia: 980–1584. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-36276-8
- Michell, Robert, and Neville Forbes, eds. and trans. (1914). The Chronicle of Novgorod (1914). London: Camden Society.
- Hugh Munro, Hector (1900). The Rise of the Russian Empire. G. Richards.
- Wallace, Robert (1967). Rise of Russia. Time-Life Books. ISBN 0-900658-37-1
線上 資源 [编辑]
- The Chronicle of Novgorod online: http://faculty.washington.edu/dwaugh/rus/texts/MF1914.pdf (页面
存 档备份,存 于互联网档案 馆) - Rossabi, Morris. All the Khan's horses (PDF). Columbia University. October 2004 [2008-04-04]. (
原始 内容 (PDF)存 档于2011-09-29). 圖說 天下 ·探索 發現 系列 編 委 會 ,《重 返 古戰場 》,2009,長春 ,吉林 出版 集團