氟正离子

氟正离子
Skeletal formula of fluoronium with assorted dimensionsDiercksen, G. H. F.; von Niessen, W.; Kraemer, W. P., SCF LCGO MO studies on the fluoronium ion FH2+ and its hydrogen bonding interaction with hydrogen fluoride FH, Theoretical Chemistry Accounts: Theory, Computation, and Modeling (Theoretica Chimica Acta), September, 31 (3): 205–214, doi:10.1007/BF00526510 [永久えいきゅう失效しっこう連結れんけつ]	Spacefill model of fluoronium
	IUPAC名めい; Fluoronium
	系けい统名; Fluoranium
识别
CAS号ごう	12206-67-6
ChemSpider	19122106
SMILES	[FH2+];
InChI	1/FH2/h1H2/q+1;
InChIKey	YNESUKSMQODWNS-UHFFFAOYAK
ChEBI	50314
性せい质
化学かがく式しき	H2F+
摩ま尔质量りょう	21.01428 g·mol⁻¹
	若わか非ひ注ちゅう明あかり，所有しょゆう数すう据すえ均ひとし出自しゅつじ标准状じょう态（25 ℃，100 kPa）下した。

氟正離はなれ子こ，又また稱たたえ二氢氟阳离子、氟化氢合氢离子こ，舊譯きゅうやく鉘^[2]，化学かがく式しき为H₂F⁺。它是一いち种由氟化氢的てき质子化か或ある自じ偶电离产生せい的てき多た原子げんし阳离子こ：

HF + H⁺ → H₂F⁺

或ある

3HF ⇌ H₂F⁺ + HF₂⁻

二氢氟阳离子可以在氟锑酸さん里さと找到。^[3] 已やめ经确定てい了りょう具有ぐゆうSb
2F−
11阴离子こ的てき盐的结构。 ^[4] ^[5] 二氢氟阳离子和水みず和わ氨基负离子こ是これ等とう电子体たい。

与あずか氯、溴、碘可か以形成けいせい多た种无环（如[Me₂Cl]⁺[Al(OTeF₅)₄]^–^[6]）与あずか环状的てき卤鎓离子不同ふどう，氟阳离子曾被认为无法形成けいせい通どおり式しき为R–+F–R的てき有ゆう机つくえ衍生物ぶつ。不ふ过，氟阳离子的てき有ゆう机つくえ衍生物せいぶつ最さい终于2018年ねん发现。^[7]

参まいり见

氟化氢根

参考さんこう资料

^ Fluoronium (CHEBI:50314). Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI). UK: European Bioinformatics Institute. [2011-10-12]. （原始げんし内容ないよう存そん档于2016-03-16）.
^ 化學かがく命名めいめい原則げんそく第だい四よん版はん. 國立こくりつ編へん譯やく館かん. 2004 [2021-11-19]. （原始げんし内容ないよう存そん档于2021-02-10）.
^ Esteves, Pierre M.; Ramírez-Solís, Alejandro; Mota, Claudio J. A. The Nature of Superacid Electrophilic Species in HF/SbF5: A Density Functional Theory Study. Journal of the American Chemical Society. March 2002, 124 (11): 2672–2677. ISSN 0002-7863. PMID 11890818. doi:10.1021/ja011151k.
^ Mootz, Dietrich; Bartmann, Klemens. The Fluoronium Ions H₂F⁺ and H₃F²⁺: Characterization by Crystal Structure Analysis. Angewandte Chemie. 1988, 27 (3): 391–392. doi:10.1002/anie.198803911.
^ Diercksen, G. H. F.; von Niessen, W.; Kraemer, W. P. SCF LCGO MO studies on the fluoronium ion FH+
2 and its hydrogen bonding interaction with hydrogen fluoride FH. Theoretical Chemistry Accounts: Theory, Computation, and Modeling (Theoretica Chimica Acta). 1973, 31 (3): 205–214. doi:10.1007/BF00526510.
^ Hämmerling, Sebastian; Thiele, Günther; Steinhauer, Simon; Beckers, Helmut; Müller, Carsten; Riedel, Sebastian. A Very Strong Methylation Agent: [Me2Cl][Al(OTeF5)4]. Angewandte Chemie International Edition. 2019, 58 (29): 9807–9810 [2024-01-19]. ISSN 1521-3773. PMID 31050103. S2CID 143434865. doi:10.1002/anie.201904007. （原始げんし内容ないよう存そん档于2023-04-14）（英えい语）.
^ Pitts, Cody Ross; Holl, Maxwell Gargiulo; Lectka, Thomas. Spectroscopic Characterization of a [C−F−C]⁺ Fluoronium Ion in Solution. Angewandte Chemie International Edition. 2018-02-12, 57 (7): 1924–1927. PMID 29316122. doi:10.1002/anie.201712021 （英えい语）.

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[1] Fluoronium (CHEBI:50314). Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI). UK: European Bioinformatics Institute. [2011-10-12]. （原始げんし内容ないよう存そん档于2016-03-16）.

[2] 化學かがく命名めいめい原則げんそく第だい四よん版はん. 國立こくりつ編へん譯やく館かん. 2004 [2021-11-19]. （原始げんし内容ないよう存そん档于2021-02-10）.

[:0-3] Esteves, Pierre M.; Ramírez-Solís, Alejandro; Mota, Claudio J. A. The Nature of Superacid Electrophilic Species in HF/SbF5: A Density Functional Theory Study. Journal of the American Chemical Society. March 2002, 124 (11): 2672–2677. ISSN 0002-7863. PMID 11890818. doi:10.1021/ja011151k.

[4] Mootz, Dietrich; Bartmann, Klemens. The Fluoronium Ions H₂F⁺ and H₃F²⁺: Characterization by Crystal Structure Analysis. Angewandte Chemie. 1988, 27 (3): 391–392. doi:10.1002/anie.198803911.

[5] Diercksen, G. H. F.; von Niessen, W.; Kraemer, W. P. SCF LCGO MO studies on the fluoronium ion FH+
2 and its hydrogen bonding interaction with hydrogen fluoride FH. Theoretical Chemistry Accounts: Theory, Computation, and Modeling (Theoretica Chimica Acta). 1973, 31 (3): 205–214. doi:10.1007/BF00526510.

[6] Hämmerling, Sebastian; Thiele, Günther; Steinhauer, Simon; Beckers, Helmut; Müller, Carsten; Riedel, Sebastian. A Very Strong Methylation Agent: [Me2Cl][Al(OTeF5)4]. Angewandte Chemie International Edition. 2019, 58 (29): 9807–9810 [2024-01-19]. ISSN 1521-3773. PMID 31050103. S2CID 143434865. doi:10.1002/anie.201904007. （原始げんし内容ないよう存そん档于2023-04-14）（英えい语）.

[7] Pitts, Cody Ross; Holl, Maxwell Gargiulo; Lectka, Thomas. Spectroscopic Characterization of a [C−F−C]⁺ Fluoronium Ion in Solution. Angewandte Chemie International Edition. 2018-02-12, 57 (7): 1924–1927. PMID 29316122. doi:10.1002/anie.201712021 （英えい语）.

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