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Tao Bao

For the online market, see Taobao.

Tao Bao (died 340), courtesy name Anbu, was a military general of Later Zhao during China's Sixteen Kingdoms period. Being one of Shi Le's Eighteen Riders, his most notable activities were his battles with Zu Ti, in which he defended the city of Pengguan (蓬よもぎ關せき, in modern-day Chenliu, Henan) and also helping Shi Le during his final push against Liu Yao in 328. He served up to Shi Hu's reign before dying in 340. His name can be rendered as Yao Bao.

Tao Bao
桃もも豹ひょう
Grand Guardian (太ふとし保ほ)
In office
? (?)–340 (340)
MonarchShi Hu
Personal details
BornUnknown
Died340
Courtesy nameAnbu (安步あぶ)

Life

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Tao Bao was from Fanyang Commandery and was known in his hometown for his bravery and skill at horse riding. Once, Tao Bao boastingly declared, "A man who has met Wei Taizu and not be a marquis of 10,000 households or among his top generals is not a real man." Those with him at the time laughed at him but Tao Bao raised his voice at them, "You sons of rats, how could you possibly comprehend the aspirations of a lordly man who transforms like a leopard?”[1]

Like all those who joined Shi Le in 304, he became one of his Eighteen Riders and roamed the land as a bandit. When Shi Le occupied Julu and Changshan, Tao Bao became one of his "talon and teeth" (爪牙そうが) together with Zhi Xiong, Kong Chang, Kui An and Lu Ming (逯明).[2]

In 313, Tao Bao was made Administrator of Wei Commandery after Shi Le conquered Yecheng. He was later replaced by Shi Le's nephew Shi Hu.[3]

During Zu Ti's northern expedition in 319, he attacked the Administrator of Chenliu, Chen Chuan (陳ひね川がわ) at Pengguan after Chen betrayed him. Shi Le sent Tao Bao to reinforce Chen Chuan, and Tao Bao managed to drive back Zu Ti to Huainan. Tao Bao guarded the city while Shi Hu relocated Chen Chuan and his followers to Xiangguo (襄じょう國こく, in modern Xingtai, Hebei).[4]

Going into the following year, Zu Ti's general Han Qian (韓かん潛せん) occupied the eastern half of the city while Tao Bao held the western one. Tao Bao and Han Qian held on to their part of the city for 40 days. Tao Bao's men were starting to become hungry, so they raided one of Zu Ti's supply convoy. The transporters simply abandoned the rice, and when Tao Bao's men discovered the excess amount of rice they were carrying, they believed that Zu Ti's men were better fed and started to worry. Supplies from the Later Zhao general Liu Yetang (劉りゅう夜よる堂どう) was intercepted by Zu Ti, leaving Tao Bao with little to no rations. Tao Bao fled Pengguan to camp at Dongye instead, but Zu Ti ordered Han Qian to pressure him while they occupy Pengguan. The loss of Pengguan placed a strain on Later Zhao's borders, so Shi Le negotiated peace with Zu Ti.[5]

In 328, Shi Le campaigned against his rival Liu Yao of Former Zhao. Tao Bao led his forces to Xingyang to join Shi Le in his assault on Luoyang. Shi Le captured Liu Yao while his sons Liu Yin and Liu Xi were killed by Shi Hu the following year.[6]

Tao Bao's last contribution would be 338, during Later Zhao and Former Yan's assault on the Duan Tribe. Tao Bao was made General Who Traverses The Sea and ordered to attack from Piaoyu Crossing (漂渝津つ, around present-day Cangzhou, Hebei). At the start of 340, Tao Bao died, holding the office of Grand Guardian.[7]

References

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  1. ^ (崔ちぇ鴻ひろし《十じゅう六ろく國こく春秋しゅんじゅう·後ご趙ちょう錄ろく》曰：桃もも豹ひょう字じ安步あぶ，范陽人じん。少時しょうじ以膽勇いさみ騎射きしゃ稱たたえ，嘗攘臂ひじ大言たいげん曰：「大丈夫だいじょうぶ遭遇そうぐう魏ぎ太たい祖そ，不ふ封ふう萬まん戶こ侯こう位い上じょう將しょう者しゃ，非ひ丈夫じょうふ也。」時じ類るい笑わらい之の，豹ひょう駡言：「爾しか鼠ねずみ子こ輩やから，安あん知とも君くん子こ豹變ひょうへん之の志こころざし乎！」後ご起おこり中原なかはら，豹ひょう爲ため十じゅう八はち騎き之の雄ゆう，事こと勒甚恭きょう。) Taiping Yulan, Volume 391
  2. ^ (漢かん安東あんどう大將軍だいしょうぐん石せき勒寇鉅鹿、常山つねやま，衆しゅう至いたり十じゅう餘あまり萬まん，集しゅう衣冠いかん人物じんぶつ，別べつ爲ため君子くんし營。以趙郡ぐん張ちょう賓まろうど爲ため謀はかりごと主ぬし，刁膺爲ため股肱ここう，夔安、孔あな萇、支ささえ雄ゆう、桃もも豹ひょう、逯明爲ため爪牙そうが。幷州諸しょ胡えびす羯多從したがえ之これ。) Zizhi Tongjian, Volume 85
  3. ^ (建けん興きょう元年がんねん，石せき季き龍りゅう攻おさむ鄴三さん臺だい，鄴潰，劉りゅう演えんじ奔于稟丘，將軍しょうぐん謝しゃ胥、田た青あお、郎ろう牧まき等とう率りつ三臺流人降于勒，勒以桃もも豹ひょう為ため魏ぎ郡ぐん太守たいしゅ以撫之の。命いのち段だん末まつ柸為子こ，署しょ為ため使し持じ節ぶし、安やす北きた將軍しょうぐん、北平きたひら公こう，遣や還かえ遼りょう西にし。) Book of Jin, Volume 104
  4. ^ (建けん興きょう元年がんねん，石せき季き龍りゅう攻おさむ鄴三さん臺だい，鄴潰，劉りゅう演えんじ奔于稟丘，將軍しょうぐん謝しゃ胥、田た青あお、郎ろう牧まき等とう率りつ三臺流人降于勒，勒以桃もも豹ひょう為ため魏ぎ郡ぐん太守たいしゅ以撫之の。命いのち段だん末まつ柸為子こ，署しょ為ため使し持じ節ぶし、安やす北きた將軍しょうぐん、北平きたひら公こう，遣や還かえ遼りょう西にし。) Book of Jin, Volume 104
  5. ^ (祖そ逖將韓かん潛せん與あずか後のち趙ちょう將すすむ桃もも豹ひょう分ぶん據よりどころ陳ひね川かわ故こ城しろ，豹ひょう居きょ西臺にしだい，潛せん居きょ東臺とうだい，豹ひょう由よし南みなみ門もん，潛せん由よし東門ひがしもん，出入でいり相しょう守もり四よん旬しゅん。逖以布ぬの囊盛土ど如米狀じょう，使つかい千せん餘人よにん運上うんじょう臺だい，又また使つかい數すう人にん擔米，息いき於道。豹ひょう兵へい逐之，棄擔而走。豹ひょう兵へい久ひさ飢かつえ，得とく米まい，以爲逖士衆しゅ豐ゆたか飽，益えき懼。後こう趙ちょう將すすむ劉りゅう夜よる堂どう以驢千せん頭とう運うん糧かて饋豹，逖使韓かん潛せん及別將はた馮鐵邀擊ようげき於汴水すい，盡つき獲え之これ。豹ひょう宵よい遁，屯たむろ東ひがし燕つばめ城じょう，逖使潛せん進しん屯たむろ封ふう丘おか以逼之の。馮鐵據よりどころ二に臺だい，逖鎭雍丘，數すう遣や兵へい邀擊ようげき後ご趙ちょう兵へい，後ご趙ちょう鎭戍歸き逖者甚多，境さかい土ど漸やや蹙。) Zizhi Tongjian, Volume 91
  6. ^ (命いのち石せき堪こらえ、石いし聰さとし及豫州しゅう刺史しし桃もも豹ひょう等とう各かく統すべ見み衆しゅ會かい滎陽；中山なかやま公こう虎とら進しん據よりどころ石門せきもん，勒自統すべ步ふ騎き四よん萬まん趣おもむき金きん墉，濟すみ自大じだい堨。) Zizhi Tongjian, Volume 94
  7. ^ (十二月じゅうにがつ，丁ちょう丑うし，趙ちょう太ふとし保ほ桃もも豹ひょう卒そつ。) Zizhi Tongjian, Volume 96
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