(Translated by https://www.hiragana.jp/)
Wang Lian - Wikipedia
Wikipedia

Wang Lian

Wang Lian (died c. 223),[1] courtesy name Wenyi, was an official of the Yi province warlord Liu Zhang. After refusing to submit to invasion, rose to become a senior officer of Shu Han in the Three Kingdoms period of China. Trusted with the salt monopoly by the regime, and a noted finder of talent.[2][1]

Wang Lian
王おう連れん
Chief Clerk of the Imperial Chancellor
(丞相じょうしょう長ちょう史し)
In office
? (?)–? (?)
MonarchLiu Shan
ChancellorZhuge Liang
Succeeded byXiang Lang
Colonel of the Garrison Cavalry
(屯たむろ騎き校こう尉じょう)
In office
223 (223)–? (?)
MonarchLiu Shan
ChancellorZhuge Liang
General of Revival (興業こうぎょう將軍しょうぐん)
In office
? (?)–? (?)
Administrator of Shu Commandery
(蜀しょく郡ぐん太守たいしゅ)
In office
? (?)–? (?)
Colonel of the Salt Office (司つかさ鹽しお校こう尉じょう)
In office
? (?)–? (?)
Prefect of Guangdu (廣ひろ都と令れい)
In office
? (?)–? (?)
Prefect of Shifang (什邡令れい)
In office
214 or after (214 or after) – ? (?)
Prefect of Zitong (梓あずさ潼令)
In office
? (?)–214 (214)
Personal details
BornUnknown
Nanyang, Henan
Diedc. 223[1]
ChildrenWang Shan
OccupationOfficial
Courtesy nameWenyi (文ぶん儀ぎ)
PeerageMarquis of Pingyang Village
(平ひら陽ひ亭てい侯こう)
In this Chinese name, the family name is Wang.

Life

edit

Wang Lian was from Nanyang Commandery (南陽なんよう郡ぐん), which is around present-day Nanyang, Henan.[3] He entered Yi Province (covering present-day Sichuan and Chongqing) sometime between 194 and 213 in the late Eastern Han dynasty, when warlord Liu Zhang was the Governor of Yi Province. He served as the Prefect (令れい) of Zitong County under Liu Zhang during this time.[4]

Between 212 and 214,[5] the warlord Liu Bei engaged Liu Zhang in a war for control of Yi Province. When Liu Bei's forces attacked Zitong County, Wang Lian ordered his troops to hide behind the city walls and close the gates, and refused to surrender to Liu Bei. Liu Bei admired Wang Lian for his loyalty towards Liu Zhang, so he called off the attack on Zitong County.[6]

In 214,[5] after Liu Bei successfully conquered Yi Province, he recruited many of Liu Zhang's former subordinates to serve in his administration. During this time, he appointed Wang Lian as the Prefect of Shifang County and later reassigned him to be the Prefect of Guangdu County (廣こう都縣とけん; northeast of present-day Shuangliu District, Chengdu, Sichuan). Wang Lian performed well in office and was later promoted to Colonel of the Salt Office (司つかさ鹽しお校こう尉じょう) to oversee and regulate the production and trade of salt and iron. Under Wang Lian's leadership, the Salt Office gained a lot of revenue for Liu Bei's administration through profits and taxes. At the same time, Wang Lian also identified some of his subordinates with great potential, such as Lü Yi, Du Qi (杜もり祺) and Liu Gan (劉りゅう幹みき), and promoted them or recommended them to serve in higher positions.[7][8][9][10][11] He was later given additional appointments as the Administrator (太守たいしゅ) of Shu Commandery (蜀しょく郡ぐん; centred around present-day Chengdu, Sichuan) and General of Revival (興業こうぎょう將軍しょうぐん) while remaining in charge of the salt office.[12][1]

In 223, after Liu Shan became the emperor of the Shu Han state, Wang Lian was appointed as a Colonel of the Garrison Cavalry (屯たむろ騎き校こう尉じょう) and as the Chief Clerk (長ちょう史ふみ) of Zhuge Liang, the Imperial Chancellor (丞相じょうしょう), becoming a senior assistant to the most powerful official in the kingdom. He was also enfeoffed as the Marquis of Pingyang Village (平ひら陽ひ亭てい侯こう).[13] When Liao Li resented holding low office, one of the senior figures he criticized as unworthy, in comparison to himself, was Wang Lian.[14]

Sometime between 223 and 224, when rebellions broke out in the Nanzhong region of southern Shu, Zhuge Liang wanted to personally lead the Shu army on a campaign to quell the revolts and pacify the region. Wang Lian strongly objected and said that Zhuge Liang, given his important status, should not undertake the risk of going into the dangerous and distant Nanzhong region. As Zhuge Liang was worried that none of the Shu generals was sufficiently competent for this task, he insisted on personally leading the campaign. However, Wang Lian's sincerity did make Zhuge Liang reconsider many times[15] before he finalised his decision to go on the campaign in early 225.[16] His objection to Zhuge Liang is the only time Wang Lian appears in the 14th century novel Romance of the Three Kingdoms.

Wang Lian died not long later, probably around 223.[1] After his death, his son, Wang Shan (王おう山やま), inherited his marquis title and marquisate. Like his father, Wang Shan served as an official in Shu and the highest appointment he held was Administrator of Jiangyang Commandery (江陽こうよう郡ぐん; around present-day Neijiang, Sichuan).[17]

See also

edit

References

edit
  1. ^ a b c d e de Crespigny, Rafe (2007). A Biographical Dictionary of Later Han to the Three Kingdoms 23-220 AD. Leiden: Brill. p. 824. ISBN 9789004156050.
  2. ^ Sanguozhi vol.41.
  3. ^ (王おう連れん字じ文ぶん儀ぎ，南陽なんよう人じん也。) Sanguozhi vol. 41.
  4. ^ (劉りゅう璋あきら時じ入にゅう蜀しょく，為ため梓あずさ潼令。) Sanguozhi vol. 41.
  5. ^ a b Zizhi Tongjian vols. 66–67.
  6. ^ (先さき主ぬし起おこり事ごと葭かや萌もえ，進軍しんぐん來らい南みなみ，連れん閉城不ふ降くだ，先さき主義しゅぎ之の，不ふ彊つよし偪也。) Sanguozhi vol. 41.
  7. ^ (及成都と旣すんで平ひらめ，以連為ため什邡令れい，轉うたて在ざい廣ひろ都と，所しょ居い有ゆう績。遷司鹽しお校こう尉じょう，較鹽鐵てつ之の利り，利り入にゅう甚多，有ゆう裨國用よう，於是簡取良りょう才ざい以為官かん屬ぞく，若わか呂りょ乂、杜もり祺、劉りゅう幹みき等とう，終おわり皆みな至大しだい官かん，自じ連れん所しょ拔也。) Sanguozhi vol. 41.
  8. ^ 後こう校こう尉じょう王おう連れん請乂及南陽ひ杜もり祺、南鄉なんごう劉りゅう幹みき等とう並なみ為ため典てん曹都尉じょう Sanguozhi vol.39.
  9. ^ De Crespigny, Rafe (2007). A Biographical Dictionary of Later Han to the Three Kingdoms 23–220 AD. Leiden: Brill. p. 181. ISBN 978-90-04-15605-0.
  10. ^ De Crespigny, Rafe (2007). A Biographical Dictionary of Later Han to the Three Kingdoms 23–220 AD. Leiden: Brill. p. 505. ISBN 978-90-04-15605-0.
  11. ^ De Crespigny, Rafe (2007). A Biographical Dictionary of Later Han to the Three Kingdoms 23–220 AD. Leiden: Brill. p. 631. ISBN 978-90-04-15605-0.
  12. ^ (遷蜀郡ぐん太守たいしゅ、興業こうぎょう將軍しょうぐん，領りょう鹽しお府ふ如故。) Sanguozhi vol. 41.
  13. ^ (建けん興きょう元年がんねん，拜はい屯たむろ騎き校こう尉じょう，領りょう丞相じょうしょう長ちょう史し，封ふう平ひら陽ひ亭てい侯こう。) Sanguozhi vol. 41.
  14. ^ 王おう連れん流俗りゅうぞく，苟作掊克，使つかい百姓ひゃくしょう疲弊ひへい，以致今日きょう Sanguozhi vol.40.
  15. ^ (時とき南方なんぽう諸しょ郡ぐん不ふ賔，諸しょ葛かずら亮あきら將はた自じ征せい之の，連れん諫以為ため「此不毛げ之の地ち，疫癘えきれい之の鄉さと，不ふ宜むべ以一國こく之の望もち，冒險ぼうけん而行」。亮あきら慮おもんばか諸しょ將しょう才ざい不ふ及己，意欲いよく必往，而連言れんげん輒懇至いたり，故こ停留ていりゅう者しゃ乆之。) Sanguozhi vol. 41.
  16. ^ Zizhi Tongjian vol. 70.
  17. ^ (會かい連れん卒そつ。子こ山やま嗣，官かん至いたり江陽こうよう太守たいしゅ。) Sanguozhi vol. 41.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wang_Lian&oldid=1182933673"