海老えび

Chinese

		ocean; sea	old; aged; venerable old; aged; venerable; outdated; experienced; (affectionate prefix)
trad. (海老えび)		海うみ	老ろう
simp. #(海老えび)		海うみ	老ろう
anagram		老ろう海うみ

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): hǎilǎo

  (Zhuyin): ㄏㄞˇ ㄌㄠˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): hoi² lou⁵

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: hǎilǎo [Phonetic: háilǎo]
    • Zhuyin: ㄏㄞˇ ㄌㄠˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: hǎilǎo
    • Wade–Giles: hai³-lao³
    • Yale: hǎi-lǎu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: haelao
    • Palladius: хайлао (xajlao)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ lɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: hoi² lou⁵
    • Yale: hói lóuh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: hoi² lou⁵
    • Guangdong Romanization: hoi² lou⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hɔːi̯³⁵ lou̯¹³/

---

• Middle Chinese: xojX lawX

Rime
Character	海うみ	老ろう
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲こえ)	曉あかつき (32)	來き (37)
Final (韻いん)	咍 (41)	豪ごう (89)
Tone (調しらべ)	Rising (X)	Rising (X)
Openness (開ひらき合あい)	Open	Open
Division (等ひとし)	I	I
Fanqie	呼よび改あらため切きり	盧の晧切きり
Baxter	xojX	lawX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/hʌiX/	/lɑuX/
Pan Wuyun	/həiX/	/lɑuX/
Shao Rongfen	/xɒiX/	/lɑuX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/həjX/	/lawX/
Li Rong	/xᴀiX/	/lɑuX/
Wang Li	/xɒiX/	/lɑuX/
Bernard Karlgren	/xɑ̆iX/	/lɑuX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	hǎi	lǎo
Expected Cantonese Reflex	hoi2	lou5

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*m̥ˤəʔ  C.rˤuʔ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*hmlɯːʔ  ruːʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	海うみ	老ろう
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	hǎi	lǎo
Middle Chinese	‹ xojX ›	‹ lawX ›
Old Chinese	/*m̥ˁəʔ/ (dialect *m̥ˁ- > x-)	/*C.rˁuʔ/
English	sea	old
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	海うみ	老ろう
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	9283	7666
Phonetic component	母はは	老ろう
Rime group	之これ	幽かそけ
Rime subdivision	0	1
Corresponding MC rime	海うみ	老ろう
Old Chinese	/*hmlɯːʔ/	/*ruːʔ/

Verb

海老えび

1. (literary, of a sea) to dry up

Noun

海老えび

1. (literary) alcohol

Japanese

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
海うみ	老ろう
えび
Grade: 2	Grade: 4
jukujikun

Alternative spellings
海老 (kyūjitai) 蝦えび 鰕えび 魵

/jepi/ → /jebi/ → /ebi/

Possibly from Old Japanese, first attested in the Honzō Wamyō (918 CE).

Ultimate derivation unclear, with theories including:

• Shift in meaning from ebi, ancient reading of modern 葡萄ぶどう (budō, “grape”), from a resemblance in color
• Shift in reading from epige, proposed compound of 良よい (ei, “good”) + 髭ひげ (pige → hige, “beard”) from the bearded appearance
• Shift in reading from epige, proposed compound of 江こう (e, “inlet, bay”) + 髭ひげ (pige → hige, “beard”) from the bearded appearance

Appears as Yebi in the Nippo Jisho of 1603.

The kanji spelling is jukujikun (熟じゅく字訓じくん), in reference to the vague resemblance to a stooped old man. See the kairō reading below.

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) えび [èbí] (Heiban – [0])
• IPA^(key): [e̞bʲi]

Noun

海老えび(えび) or 海老えび(エビ) • (ebi) 

1. any long-tailed decapod crustacean or arthropod:
   1. a crayfish

      Hyponyms: 蝲蛄 (zarigani), 蝉せみ海老えび (semiebi)

   2. a lobster

      Synonyms: ロブスター (robusutā), オマール (omāru)

      Hyponym: 海うみ蝲蛄 (umi zarigani)

   3. a prawn

      Synonym: プローン (purōn)

      Hyponyms: 車海老くるまえび (kuruma-ebi), 大正たいしょう海老えび (Taishō ebi)

   4. a shrimp

      Synonym: シュリンプ (shurinpu)

2. Short for 海老錠えびじょう (ebijō): a padlock
3. a type of 家紋かもん (kamon, “family crest”) with an ebi motif

Usage notes

This term is more generic than the English glosses. Where necessary, the meaning can be clarified by indicating type or size:

• 小しょう(こ)海老えび(えび) (koebi): shrimp, literally “small ebi”
• 伊い(い)勢いきおい(せ)海老えび(えび) (Ise ebi): spiny lobster (without big claws, unlike the North American lobster)

Derived terms

Derived terms

• 海老えび(えび)上うえ(あが)り, 海老えび(えび)上うえ(あ)がり (ebi agari)
• 海老えび(エビ)芋いも(イモ) (ebīmo)
• 海老えび尾お(えびお) (ebio)
• 海老えび(えび)型かた(がた) (ebigata)
• 海老えび(えび)固かた(がた)め (ebi-gatame)
• 海老えび(えび)カツ (ebi katsu)
• 海老えび(エビ)蟹かに(ガニ) (ebigani)
• 海老えび(えび)虹にじ梁はり(こうりょう) (ebi kōryō)
• 海老えび(エビ)蟋蟀こおろぎ(コオロギ) (ebi kōrogi)
• 海老えび(えび)腰こし(ごし) (ebigoshi)
• 海老えび(えび)鞘巻さやまき(さやまき) (ebi sayamaki)
• 海老えび(エビ)雑魚ざこ(ジャコ) (ebijako)
• 海老えび(えび)錠じょう(じょう) (ebijō)
• 海老えび責せめ(えびぜ)め (ebizeme)
• 海老えび(えび)煎餅せんべい(せんべい) (ebi senbei)
• 海老えび(えび)素麺そうめん(そうめん) (ebi sōmen)
• 海老えび(えび)反はん(ぞ)り (ebizori)
• 海老えび(えび)茶ちゃ(ちゃ) (ebicha)
• 海老えび(えび)チリ (ebi chiri)
• 海老えび(えび)束たば(づか) (ebizuka)
• 海老名えびな(えびな) (Ebina)
• 海老根えびね(エビネ) (ebine)
• 海老えび手しゅ(えびで)の人参にんじん(にんじん) (ebi-de no ninjin)
• 海老えび(えび)の尻尾しっぽ(しっぽ) (ebi no shippo)
• 海老えび(えび)原はら(はら) (Ebihara)
• 海老えび(えび)フライ (ebi furai)
• 海老えび藻も(エビモ) (ebimo)
• 海老えび(えび)マヨ (ebi mayo)
• 赤あか(アカ)海老えび(エビ) (akaebi)
• 甘あま(アマ)海老えび(エビ) (amaebi)
• 伊勢いせ(イセ)海老えび(エビ) (Ise ebi)
• 牛うし(うし)海老えび(えび) (ushiebi)
• 団扇うちわ(ウチワ)海老えび(エビ) (uchiwa ebi)
• 乙姫おとひめ(オトヒメ)海老えび(エビ) (otohime ebi)
• オマール海老えび(えび) (omāru ebi)
• 飾かざり(かざ)り海老えび(えび) (kazari ebi)
• 兜かぶと(カブト)海老えび(エビ) (kabuto ebi)
• 鎌倉かまくら(かまくら)海老えび(えび) (Kamakura ebi)
• 川かわ(かわ)海老えび(えび) (kawa ebi)
• 熊くま(クマ)海老えび(エビ) (kumaebi)
• 車くるま(クルマ)海老えび(エビ) (kuruma-ebi)
• 高こう麗うらら(コウライ)海老えび(エビ) (Kōrai ebi)
• 小しょう(こ)海老えび(えび) (koebi)
• 五ご(ゴ)色いろ(シキ)海老えび(エビ) (goshiki ebi)
• 小しょう衝(こづ)き海老えび(えび) (kozuki ebi)
• 桜さくら(サクラ)海老えび(エビ) (sakura ebi)
• 猿さる(サル)海老えび(エビ) (saruebi)
• 芝しば(シバ)海老えび(エビ) (shibaebi)
• 猩猩しょうじょう(ショウジョウ)海老えび(エビ) (shōjō ebi)
• 条じょう(スジ)海老えび(エビ) (sujiebi)
• 蝉せみ(セミ)海老えび(エビ) (semiebi)
• 草くさ(ゾウ)履くつ(リ)海老えび(エビ) (zōri ebi)
• 大だい(タイ)正ただし(ショウ)海老えび(エビ) (Taishō ebi)
• 杖つえ突(ツエツキ)海老えび(エビ) (tsuetsuki ebi)
• 手て(テ)長なが(ナガ)海老えび(エビ) (tenaga ebi)
• 鉄砲てっぽう(テッポウ)海老えび(エビ) (teppō ebi)
• 同どう穴あな(ドウケツ)海老えび(エビ) (dōketsu ebi)
• 富とみ(ト)山やま(ヤマ)海老えび(エビ) (Toyama ebi)
• 虎とら(トラ)海老えび(エビ) (toraebi)
• 錦にしき(ニシキ)海老えび(エビ) (nishiki ebi)
• 糠ぬか(ヌカ)海老えび(エビ) (nukaebi)
• 沼ぬま(ヌマ)海老えび(エビ) (numaebi)
• 箱はこ(ハコ)海老えび(エビ) (hakoebi)
• バナメイ海老えび(エビ) (banamei ebi)
• 豊年ほうねん(ホウネン)海老えび(エビ) (hōnen ebi)
• 牡おす(ボ)丹に(タン)海老えび(エビ) (botan ebi)
• 北海ほっかい(ホッカイ)海老えび(エビ) (hokkai ebi)
• 干ひ(ほ)し海老えび(えび), 乾いぬい(ほ)し海老えび(えび) (hoshi ebi)
• 剥へず(む)き海老えび(えび) (muki ebi)
• 藻も海老えび(モエビ) (moebi)
• 茹(ゆ)で海老えび(えび) (yudeebi)
• 葦あし(ヨシ)海老えび(エビ) (yoshiebi)
• 横よこ(ヨコ)海老えび(エビ) (yokoebi)

Idioms

• 海老えび(えび)で鯛たい(たい)を釣つり(つ)る (ebi de tai o tsuru), 海老えび(えび)鯛たい(たい) (ebitai), “throw a sprat to catch a mackerel”
• 海老えび(えび)の鯛たい(たい)交(ま)じり (ebi no tai majiri), something insignificant among great things

Proverbs

• 鱧はも(はも)も一いち(いち)期き(ご)、海老えび(えび)も一いち(いち)期き(ご) (hamo mo ichigo, ebi mo ichigo)

Proper noun

海老えび(えび) • (Ebi) 

1. a place name
2. a surname

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
海うみ	老ろう
かい Grade: 2	ろう Grade: 4
on'yomi

Alternative spelling
海老 (kyūjitai)

*/kairau/ → /kairɔː/ → /kairoː/

Probably a coinage in Japan of Middle Chinese-derived elements, as 海うみ (kai, “sea, ocean”) + 老ろう (rō, “elder, old person”), in reference to the vague resemblance to a stooped old man.

Appears as Cairǒ in the Nippo Jisho of 1603.

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) かいろー [kàíróó] (Heiban – [0])
• IPA^(key): [ka̠iɾo̞ː]

Noun

海うみ(かい)老ろう(ろう) • (kairō) ^{←かいらう (kairau)?}

1. any long-tailed decapod crustacean or arthropod:
   1. a crayfish
   2. a lobster
   3. a prawn
   4. a shrimp

Usage notes

This reading is less common than ebi above.

Derived terms

• 海老えび(かいろう)尾お(び) (kairōbi)

Proper noun

海うみ(かい)老ろう(ろう) • (Kairō) ^{←かいらう (Kairau)?}

1. a place name