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Wenshu Guangfa Tianzun

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Wenshu Guangfa Tianzun

Wenshu Guangfa Tianzun (simplified Chinese: 文殊もんじゅ广法天てん尊みこと; traditional Chinese: 文殊もんじゅ廣こう法ほう天てん尊みこと; pinyin: Wénshū Guǎngfǎ Tiānzūn) is a Taoist deity and character in the classic Chinese novel Investiture of the Gods (more commonly known as Fengshen Yanyi). He is a disciple of Yuanshi Tianzun and one of the Three Great Immortals, holding the fifth position among the Twelve Golden Immortals.[1]

The character is believed to be derived from the bodhisattva Manjusri.[2][3] The books Qunxian Xianpo Tianmen and Western Tang Dynasty Biography states Wenshu Guangfa Tianzun and Manjusri Bodhisattva are not the same person.[4][5][6] It is believed that Manjusri Bodhisattva transformed into Wenshu Guangfa Tianzun, one of the protectors in Taoism, helping to resolve religious conflicts common in the Western regions.[7]

Legend

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In Fengshen Yanyi, Guangfa Tianzun is the superiorman over Five Dragons Mountain, Cloud Top Cave, and the renowned teacher of Jinzha, the first son of Li Jing. In rank, Guangfa Tianzun is seemingly an elite superiorman—even greater than that of Nezha's teacher, Taiyi Zhenren.[8]

After a fine duel had ensued between Muzha and Nezha and Li Jing attempted his first suicide, Guangfa Tianzun would appear. Once Guangfa Tianzun had ordered Li Jing to enter his cave for safety, he would personally settle things with the "spoiled brat" Nezha. Once Nezha's temper raged and he thrust his spear continuously at Guangfa Tianzun, Guangfa Tianzun would side step and throw his legendary Seven Treasure Golden Lotus over Nezha's head. Nezha would lose consciousness quickly following this and would find himself tied to a large gold post while cuffed by golden rings. Soon enough, Guangfa Tianzun would order Jinzha, his student, to flog Nezha. Following the arrival of Nezha's teacher, Taiyi Zhenren, it would be revealed that the whole event between Li Jing and Nezha had been set by Taiyi Zhenren as a chance to teach Nezha some discipline. After Nezha greeted Guangfa Tianzun and his master, who was sitting to Guangfa Tianzun's right, Nezha would have a great level of inner resentment.[9]

The battle between the Three Great Immortals and Jinling Shengmu

After Nezha and Li Jing departed on the orders of Guangfa Tianzun, he remained absent from sight for quite some time. During the Battle of the Ten Thousand Immortals, along with Puxian Zhenren and Cihang Zhenren, he faced off against the powerful disciple of the Jie Sect, Jinling Shengmu. He once shattered the 'Tianjue Formation', the first formation of the Ten Jue Formations of the Jie Sect, and killed Qinwan Tianjun, eliminating a threat to the Chan Sect. Later, he was captured by Sanxiao Niangniang (Yunxiao Niangniang, Qiongxiao Niangniang and Bixiao Niangniang) using the Chaos-Origin Gold Gourd and imprisoned within the Grand Nine-Curves Yellow River Formation, which drained his magical powers. However, he managed to eventually restore his cultivation.[10]

In the end, among the disciples of the Chan Sect and the Jie Sect, those with the highest level of Dao cultivation ascended to become deities upon entering the Register of Deities, while those with lesser cultivation entered as divine beings or immortals, and those with lower levels of cultivation were reborn in the cycle of reincarnation. Some disciples also joined Western Buddhism, including the Chan Sect's Cihang Zhenren (later known as Guanyin), Wenshu Guangfa Tianzun (later known as Manjushri), and Puxian Zhenren (later known as Samantabhadra).[11]

Temple

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Located in the southwestern suburb of Chengdu, Sanqing Hall within Qingyang Palace is a temple dedicated to the supreme Taoist god Sanqing. In the center of the hall sits a statue of Sanqing, and on both sides of the hall are the disciples of Sanqing, including the Twelve Golden Immortals, including Wenshu Guangfa Tianzun. This historical temple traces its origins back to the Tang dynasty and underwent significant reconstruction during the Kangxi period of the Qing dynasty. The foundation of Sanqing Hall takes the form of a square, covering a total area of 1,600 square meters.[12]

References

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  1. ^ 预见学がく习，遇ぐう见成长：学校がっこう开展项目学がく习的实践与探索たんさく (in Chinese (Taiwan)). Beijing Book Co. Inc. 1 April 2020. ISBN 978-7-5068-7821-0.
  2. ^ 四川しせん道敎どうきょう史し话 [Sichuan Taoist History] (in Chinese). 四川しせん人民じんみん出版しゅっぱん社しゃ. 1985. ... 文殊もんじゅ广法天てん尊みこと、慈航道人どうじん、燃もえ灯とう道人どうじん、普ひろし贤真人じん等とう等とう是ぜ借用しゃくよう的てき佛教ぶっきょう菩萨,小しょう说中贯穿着ぎ儒、道みち、释三さん教きょう合一ごういつ的てき思想しそう,从民间信仰しんこう的てき角度かくど,它详尽つき地ち解かい说了众神的てき由来ゆらい,所有しょゆう这些都と为神道どう设教。但ただし是ぜ它也只ただ是ぜ"迹近"而已,它与《搜さがせ神しん记》之の类的志こころざし怪かい小しょう说有本ほん质的不同ふどう
  3. ^ 中国ちゅうごく古代こだい, 近代きんだい文学ぶんがく研究けんきゅう [Ancient Chinese and Modern Literature Research] (in Chinese). 中国ちゅうごく人民じんみん大学だいがく书报资料社しゃ. 2004.
  4. ^ 当代とうだい (in Chinese). 人民じんみん文学ぶんがく出版しゅっぱん社しゃ. 2009. ... 文殊もんじゅ广法天てん尊みこと" ,这与三教中的大师法号习惯带"子こ" ,如"广成子こ" "云うん中子なかご" "赤あか精子せいし"也大异其趣おもむき。却不可ふか认为这位"文殊もんじゅ"便びん真ま是ぜ佛家ぶっけ那な位い"文殊もんじゅ菩萨" [Translation:... Wenshu Guangfa Tianzun," this differs significantly from the usual naming conventions for masters in the Three Religions, where they typically include "Zi" (子こ) in their titles, such as "Guangcheng Zi," "Yunzhong Zi," "Chijing Zi," and others. However, it should not be assumed that this "Wenshu" is indeed the same as the Buddhist figure "Manjushri Bodhisattva."]
  5. ^ "《封ふう神しん演えんじ义》看み似に崇道すどう，实则敬けい佛ふつ". China Literature Network (in Chinese). 30 July 2021.
  6. ^ 洮石老ろう坑あな (in Chinese). Beijing Book Co. Inc. 1 August 2017. ISBN 978-7-5490-1424-8. ... 文殊もんじゅ师利菩萨被ひ称しょう为"文殊もんじゅ广法天てん尊みこと",普ふ贤菩萨被称しょう为"普ふ贤真人じん",他た们用各自かくじ的てき无量法力ほうりき,普ひろし救すくい人じん间疾苦く,而观音おん则是大乘だいじょう佛教ぶっきょう慈悲じひ救世きゅうせい精神せいしん的てき最深さいしん刻こく诠释。显然阮煜兴先生せんせい创作该砚的てき初はつ衷,首くび先さき应是发现了りょう原料げんりょう的てき珍奇ちんき,外そと加か对佛法的ほうてき敬仰けいぎょう,便びん以端庄しょう慈祥、手持てもち净瓶杨柳 ...
  7. ^ 中ちゅう华文化ぶんか视域下か民族みんぞく镜像的てき传播 [The Communication of Ethnic Images in the Context of Chinese Culture] (in Chinese). Beijing Book Co. Inc. 1 May 2017. ISBN 978-7-5643-5446-6. ... 文殊もんじゅ菩萨变成了りょう道教どうきょう护法之の一的文殊广法天尊,化か解ほどけ了りょう西洋せいよう常つね见的宗教しゅうきょう争そう端はし。不ふ过,值得注意ちゅうい的てき是ぜ这种宗教しゅうきょう精神せいしん与あずか传统的てき"慎まき独どく"有ゆう所しょ区く别:前者ぜんしゃ的てき反省はんせい在ざい于给予よ万事ばんじ万物ばんぶつ名分めいぶん,象ぞう征せい性せい地ち建立こんりゅう各かく种意义形象けいしょう,诸如唐から朝あさ为功臣こうしん建立こんりゅう的てき凌しのげ烟けむり阁[77],使つかい得とく忠ちゅう义之士し全ぜん都と封ふう神しん,其中不ふ乏とぼし ...
  8. ^ 中国ちゅうごく神しん话人物ぶつ辞典じてん [Dictionary of Chinese Mythological Characters] (in Chinese). 陝西せんせい人民じんみん出版しゅっぱん社しゃ. 1998. p. 55. ISBN 978-7-224-04279-5.
  9. ^ 封ふう神しん演義えんぎ (in Chinese). 岳たけ麓ふもと書しょ社しゃ. 2009. ISBN 978-7-80761-080-9.
  10. ^ 三さん霄传 [The Legend of Sanxiao] (in Chinese). Beijing Book Co. Inc. 1 August 2017. ISBN 978-7-227-06739-9.
  11. ^ 中国ちゅうごく神仙しんせん年ねん画が经典 (in Chinese). Beijing Book Co. Inc. 1 September 2015. ISBN 978-7-5507-1452-6. ...阐教门人因いん三さん尸しかばね未み除じょ,犯はん下か杀戒而入世よ受劫难。阐教、截教中ちゅう众门人じん道行みちゆき最高さいこう的てき成なり仙せん,道行みちゆき次じ高だか的てき入いれ封ふう神しん榜成神しん,道行みちゆき较低的てき入いれ轮回成人せいじん。还有部分ぶぶん门人入にゅう西方せいほう教きょう,如阐教きょう中ちゅう慈航道人どうじん(后きさき为观世よ音おん菩萨)、文殊もんじゅ广法天てん尊みこと(后きさき为文殊こと菩萨)、普ひろし贤 ...
  12. ^ 老成ろうせい都と记忆 (in Chinese). Beijing Book Co. Inc. 1 March 2017. ISBN 978-7-5090-1171-3.
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