Palaung people

Palaung
De'ang

A Ta'ang tribal woman near Kalaw, Shan State, Burma
Total population
557,000 (est.)
Regions with significant populations
Burma, smaller populations in Yunnan, China and Thailand
Languages
Ta'ang
Religion
Theravada Buddhism

A Burmese depiction of the Palaung in the early 1900s.

The Palaung (Burmese: ပလောင် လူမျိုး [pəlàʊɰ̃ lùmjó]; Thai: ปะหล่อง, also written as Benglong Palong) or Ta'ang are an Austroasiatic ethnic minority found in Shan State of Burma, Yunnan Province of China and Northern Thailand. In China, they are referred to as the De'ang (Chinese: 德とく昂のぼる族ぞく; pinyin: Déángzú also spelt Deang) people.

They live mainly in the northern parts of Shan State in the Pa Laung Self-Administered Zone, with the capital at Namhsan.

The Ta'ang (Palaung) State Liberation Army, the armed wing of the Palaung ethnic group, began fighting against the Burmese military in 1963. It entered a cease-fire agreement with the central government in April 1991, but is currently continuing the insurgency. Both the government and the rebel armies have derived benefit from poppy cultivation, which has caused serious drug addiction among the local people.

Groups

Palaung woman in British Burma.

There are three main subgroups of Palaung: the Palé, Shwe and Rumai.

The Chinese government groups together the Palé, Riang, Rumai and Shwe peoples as the De'ang ethnic nationality. The group also includes the Danau (Danaw) who may no longer have a separate identity from the Palé.

Language

Main article: Palaung language

There are three main principal Palaung languages: Palé (Ruching), Rumai, and Shwe (Ta'ang or De'ang).

Distribution

In China, the De'ang are found in the following villages of Zhenkang County and Gengma County. In China, they are known as the Laopulao (牢ろう普ひろし劳); there are six other De'ang groups located in Burma.

• Dazhai Township (大だい寨乡), Muchang District (木き厂区), Zhenkang County: Bangwa (邦くに娃) Dazhai (大だい寨), Xiazhai (下しも寨), Huoshishan (火石山ひいしやま), Laobandeng (老ろう班はん登とう), Mahuangqing (蚂蟥箐) of Chaikao (柴しば考こう)
• Nansan Township (南みなみ伞乡), Pengmushan District (彭木山きやま区く), Zhenkang County: Xiaochanggou (销长沟), Beiyan (北岩きたいわ)
• Hongmulin (红木林りん) and Manxing (曼兴) of Hewai District (河かわ外がい区く), Gengma County: Junnong (君きみ弄ろう), Mamao (马冒), Jinmo (金きむ莫), Muyin (木き因いん), Xungang (巡めぐ岗)

Religion

Most Ta'ang are adherents of Theravada Buddhism and Buddhist temples can be found in most of their towns. Buddhism is present in all of the daily activities of this ethnic group. At the age of ten, many children are sent to the monasteries, primarily for education. Most of them return to lay life in later years.

The Riang are the only one of the four groups who have never converted to Buddhism. The majority of the Riang are animists.

See also

• Palaung language
• Ta'ang National Liberation Army

Further reading

• Palaung Women's Organisation. (2006). Poisoned Flowers: The Impacts of Spiralling Drug Addiction on Palaung Women in Burma. Tak, Maesot, Thailand: Palaung Women's Organisation.
• Ashley, S. (2006). Exorcising with Buddha Palaung Buddhism in Northern Thailand. Ottawa: Library and Archives Canada = Bibliothèque et Archives Canada. ISBN 0-494-03309-6
• Howard, M. C., & Wattana Wattanapun. (2001). The Palaung in Northern Thailand. Chiang Mai, Thailand: Silkworm Books. ISBN 974-88325-1-1
• Cameron, A. A. (1912). Notes on the Palaung of the Kodaung Hill Tracts of Mong Mit State. Rangoon: Govt. Printer.
• Milne, Mrs. Leslie. (1924). The Home of an Eastern Clan: A Study of the Palaungs of the Shan State. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

Gallery

Palaung village near Kyaukme, Shan State, Burma

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External links

• Media related to De'ang people at Wikimedia Commons
• Ta'ang Students and Youth Organization