孟はじめ津つ

Chinese

		first month; eldest brother; surname	Tianjin; ferry
simp. and trad. (孟はじめ津つ)		孟はじめ	津つ
alternative forms		盟めい津つ

Etymology

Mengjin began as an ancient ferry crossing for the Yellow River. According to legend, King Wu of Zhou crossed the Yellow River at this location, after forming an alliance (盟めい/méng/alliance + 津つ/jīn/ferry crossing) with the other nobles. One theory goes that the original name was actually 盟めい津つ (literally: the ferry crossing of the alliance) rather than 孟はじめ津つ (盟めい and 孟はじめ are both rendered as Meng). According to this theory, it was only in later times that the character 盟めい was mistakenly replaced by 孟はじめ. The ferry crossing was an important strategic location during times of war.(Can this⁽⁺⁾ etymology be sourced?)

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): Mèngjīn

  (Zhuyin): ㄇㄥˋ ㄐㄧㄣ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): maang⁶ zeon¹

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: Mèngjīn
    • Zhuyin: ㄇㄥˋ ㄐㄧㄣ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: Mèngjin
    • Wade–Giles: Mêng⁴-chin¹
    • Yale: Mèng-jīn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Menqjin
    • Palladius: Мэнцзинь (Mɛnczinʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /mɤŋ⁵¹ t͡ɕin⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: maang⁶ zeon¹
    • Yale: maahng jēun
    • Cantonese Pinyin: maang⁶ dzoen¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: mang⁶ zên¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /maːŋ²² t͡sɵn⁵⁵/

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• Middle Chinese: maengH tsin

Rime
Character	孟はじめ	津つ
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲こえ)	明あきら (4)	精せい (13)
Final (韻いん)	庚かのえ (109)	眞しん (43)
Tone (調しらべ)	Departing (H)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開ひらき合あい)	Open	Open
Division (等ひとし)	II	III
Fanqie	莫更さら切きり	將はた鄰切きり
Baxter	maengH	tsin
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/mˠæŋH/	/t͡siɪn/
Pan Wuyun	/mᵚaŋH/	/t͡sin/
Shao Rongfen	/maŋH/	/t͡sjen/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/maɨjŋH/	/t͡sin/
Li Rong	/mɐŋH/	/t͡siĕn/
Wang Li	/mɐŋH/	/t͡sĭĕn/
Bernard Karlgren	/mɐŋH/	/t͡si̯ĕn/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	mèng	jīn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	mang6	zan1

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*mˤraŋ-s  [ts]i[n]/

  (Zhengzhang): /*mraːŋs  ʔslin/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	孟はじめ	津つ
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	mèng	jīn
Middle Chinese	‹ mængH ›	‹ tsin ›
Old Chinese	/*mˁraŋ-s/	/*[ts]i[n]/
English	eldest, great	ford (n.)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	孟はじめ	津つ
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	9152	6725
Phonetic component	皿さら	津つ
Rime group	陽ひ	眞しん
Rime subdivision	0	1
Corresponding MC rime	孟はじめ	津つ
Old Chinese	/*mraːŋs/	/*ʔslin/

Proper noun

孟はじめ津つ

2. (～區く, formerly ～縣けん) Mengjin (a district and former county of Luoyang, Henan, China)
3. (historical) the site of a ferry crossing for the Yellow River (located in the northeastern part of present day Mengjin County)