-m
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See also: Appendix:Variations of "m"
Afar
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Suffix
[edit]-m
- Used to form (pro)nouns taking on the quality of the suffixed determiners, numbers, verbs and nouns.
Usage notes
[edit]- When added to a noun, the suffix is added to a genitive:
Derived terms
[edit]References
[edit]- E. M. Parker, R. J. Hayward (1985) An Afar-English-French dictionary (with Grammatical Notes in English), University of London, →ISBN, page 236
Estonian
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Proto-Finnic *-mpi, cognate to Finnish -mpi.
Suffix
[edit]-m
- Forms comparative adjectives.
Etymology 2
[edit]From Proto-Finnic *-ma, cognate to Finnish -ma.
Suffix
[edit]-m
- Forms nouns from verbs.
Derived terms
[edit]Hungarian
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Possibly from Proto-Uralic *mᴕ̈ (“I”); see also én (“I”). Cognate with Northern Mansi -м (-m, “my”).
Suffix
[edit]-m
- (possessive suffix) my (first-person singular, single possession)
- (personal suffix) First-person singular personal suffix:
- Definite forms of transitive verbs (followed by a linking vowel in indicative present/past and subjunctive moods; with no linking vowel in conditional mood).
- Indefinite forms of -ik verbs.
- Forming conjugated infinitives (here: “for me to do something”).
- Declined and postpositional forms of the first-person personal pronoun én (“I”).
Usage notes
[edit]- (possessive suffix) Variants:
- -m is added to words ending in a vowel. Final -a changes to -á-. Final -e changes to -é-.
- -am is added to some back-vowel words ending in a consonant
- -om is added to the other back-vowel words ending in a consonant
- -em is added to unrounded (and some rounded) front-vowel words ending in a consonant
- -öm is added to most rounded front-vowel words ending in a consonant
Etymology 2
[edit]It can be traced back to the Proto-Uralic *-m.[1]
Suffix
[edit]-m
- (noun-forming suffix, obsolete) Added to a verb (or rarely to a noun) to form a noun. No longer productive in this sense.
- (frequentative verb-forming suffix, obsolete) No longer productive in this sense.
- élemedett (“elderly”)
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ -m in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)
Ilocano
[edit]Pronoun
[edit]{head|ilo|pronoun}}
See also
[edit]Ilocano personal pronouns
Person | Number | Absolutive | Ergative | Oblique | Possessive | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Disjunctive | Enclitic | Enclitic3 | bági form | kukua form | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
First | singular | siak | -ak | -ko, -k | kaniak | bagik | kukuak, kuak | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
dual | data, sita1 | -ta | kaniata, kadata | bagita | kukuata | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
plural inclusive | datayo, sitayo1 | -tayo, -tay | kaniatayo, kadatayo | bagitayo | kukuatayo | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
plural exclusive | dakami, sikami1 | -kami, -kam | -mi | kaniami, kadakami | bagimi | kukuami | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Second | singular | sika | -ka | -mo, -m | kaniam, kenka | bagim | kukuam | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
plural | dakayo, sikayo1 | -kayo, -kay | -yo | kaniayo, kadakayo | bagiyo | kukuayo | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Third | singular | isu, isuna | Ø2 | -na | kaniana, kenkuana | bagina | kukuana | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
plural | isuda | -da | kaniada, kadakuada | bagida | kukuada | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
1Regional variants. 2Null morpheme. There is no absolutive enclitic for the third person singular pronoun. The disjunctives isu or isuna may also be used. 3Ergative enclitics are also used as possessive markers. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Fused enclitics
|
Marshallese
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Suffix
[edit]-m
References
[edit]Old Irish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Celtic *-mus.[1]
Suffix
[edit]-m m
- Forms verbal nouns of A III (hiatus) verbs
Inflection
[edit]Masculine u-stem | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | -m | -mL | -mae |
Vocative | -m | -mL | -mu |
Accusative | -mN | -mL | -mu |
Genitive | -moH, -maH | -mo, -ma | -maeN |
Dative | -mL | -maib | -maib |
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
|
References
[edit]- ^ Gordon, Randall Clark (2012) Derivational Morphology of the Early Irish Verbal Noun, Los Angeles: University of California, pages 108-111
Phalura
[edit]Etymology
[edit](This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
[edit]Suffix
[edit]-m
- Plural suffix (with m-declension nouns)
References
[edit]- Henrik Liljegren, Naseem Haider (2011) Palula Vocabulary (FLI Language and Culture Series; 7)[1], Islamabad, Pakistan: Forum for Language Initiatives, →ISBN
Polish
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From earlier -śm, a contraction of Old Polish jeśm, from Proto-Slavic *esmь.
Suffix
[edit]-m
Alternative forms
[edit]- -em (after a consonant)
See also
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]Inherited from Old Polish -m, from Proto-Slavic [Term?], from Proto-Indo-European [Term?].
Suffix
[edit]-m
Further reading
[edit]- -m in Polish dictionaries at PWN
Quechua
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Suffix
[edit]-m
- Evidential suffix, first-hand information. Indicates that the speaker has direct evidence/knowledge of some fact, having experienced it, seen it, heard it, etc.
- Ñuqa runasimitam rimani. Qusqumantam kani.
- I speak Quechua. I am from Cusco.
- Allqukunaqa chawa aychatam mikhunku.
- Dogs eat raw meat.
- Ñuqa runasimitam rimani. Qusqumantam kani.
- Used to mark an open-ended question; more informal than -taq
See also
[edit]Turkish
[edit]Suffix
[edit]-m
- First-person singular possessive suffix denoting singular possession in words ending in a vowel.
Usage notes
[edit]- If the noun ends in a consonant, it may be "-im", "-ım", "-um" and "-üm"
- It must be used with an apostrophe if it's appended to a proper noun.
Uzbek
[edit]Suffix
[edit]postconsonantal | -im |
---|---|
postvocalic | -m |
-m (Cyrillic spelling -м)
- Form of -im after a vowel.
- Bu ruchkam.
- This is my ball pen.
Categories:
- Afar terms with IPA pronunciation
- Afar lemmas
- Afar suffixes
- Estonian terms inherited from Proto-Finnic
- Estonian terms derived from Proto-Finnic
- Estonian lemmas
- Estonian suffixes
- Hungarian terms inherited from Proto-Uralic
- Hungarian terms derived from Proto-Uralic
- Hungarian lemmas
- Hungarian suffixes
- Hungarian terms with usage examples
- Hungarian terms with obsolete senses
- Marshallese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Marshallese lemmas
- Marshallese suffixes
- Marshallese conjunctions
- Old Irish terms inherited from Proto-Celtic
- Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic
- Old Irish lemmas
- Old Irish suffixes
- Old Irish masculine suffixes
- Old Irish masculine u-stem nouns
- Phalura terms with IPA pronunciation
- Phalura lemmas
- Phalura suffixes
- Polish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Polish terms derived from Old Polish
- Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Polish lemmas
- Polish suffixes
- Polish terms inherited from Old Polish
- Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Polish terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Polish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Polish particles
- Quechua lemmas
- Quechua suffixes
- Turkish lemmas
- Turkish suffixes
- Uzbek non-lemma forms
- Uzbek suffix forms
- Uzbek terms with usage examples