User:Wpi

Babel user information
Template:User en-HK yue-Hant-N 呢位用よう戶と嘅母語ぼご係かかり粵語（繁しげる體からだ）。 en-4 This user has near native speaker knowledge of English. zh-Hant-4 這位使用しよう者しゃ有ゆう接近せっきん母語ぼご使用しよう者しゃ水準すいじゅん的てき繁しげる體たい中ちゅう文ぶん知識ちしき。 zh-Hant-TW-3 這位使用しよう者しゃ有ゆう進すすむ階かい水平すいへい的てき臺たい式しき繁しげる體たい中ちゅう文ぶん知識ちしき。 zh-Hans-2 这位用よう户的简体中ちゅう文ぶん达到中ちゅう级水平すいへい。 zh-Hans-CN-2 这位用よう户的陆式简体中ちゅう文ぶん达到中ちゅう级水平すいへい。 cmn-2 This user has intermediate knowledge of Mandarin Chinese. ja-2 この利用りよう者しゃは中級ちゅうきゅうの日本語にほんごができます。 Template:User en-SG-2 ryu-0 くぬ利用りよう者しゃのー沖縄おきなわ口こう読よまん書しょかいびらん(またうふぇ一いち分ふんかいび一いちん)。 nan-0 Cī ciáh ê̤ṳng-hô uòng-ciòng mâ̤ huôi-é 閩南語ご / Bân-lâm-gú. 茲隻用よう戶と完全かんぜん𣍐會意かいい閩南語ご / Bân-lâm-gú。 cpi-1 This user has basic knowledge of Chinese Pidgin English. Template:User ycr-0 繁しげる Hant This user's native script is Traditional Chinese. A Latn-3 This user has an advanced understanding of the Latin alphabet. 漢かん Hani-2 This user has an intermediate understanding of Hanzi. 简 Hans-2 This user has an intermediate understanding of Simplified Chinese. 蓮はちす Jpan-2 This user has an intermediate understanding of the Japanese script. /ʑ/ IPA-2 This user has an intermediate understanding of the International Phonetic Alphabet.
Users by language

UTC+8

This user's time zone is UTC+8 and does not observe Daylight Saving Time.

Hello I'm Wpi /dʌb piː aɪ/. As a Hong Konger, my main focuses are English-Cantonese loans, Hong Kong Cantonese, and Cantonese in general. I also work on (or is interested in) other contact/mixed languages in East Asia, such as Chinese Coastal Pidgin, Yilan Creole and Singlish, especially on words that have shifted in semantics and/or morphology from the donor language.

Current focuses

New entries

(in decreasing order of priority)

• Modern English loans into Hong Kong Cantonese via Hong Kong English, which are often written in the English alphabet
• English loans into Cantonese
• Hong Kong English entries
• Hong Kong Internet slang (and slang in general)
• Cantonese idioms
• Cantonese loans into English
• Japanese loans into Cantonese
• Hong Kong place names

Long term stuff

• Sino-Tibetan reconstruction formatting
• Redoing various zh modules
• Appendix:Cantonese sentence final particles
• Splitting transcription characters
• Unified Chinese revisited
  • {{lb}} and categorisation
  • {{zh-pron}} redesign

See also: /plans

Languages

In case anyone wants a more detailed explanation other than Babel:

English

My English accent is basically Hong Kong English, but I am also able to speak with a somewhat Southeastern England/Transatlantic accent. Unlike most speakers of HKE, my KIT-FLEECE and DRESS-TRAP vowels are not merged, though sometimes I hypercorrect them, such as pronouncing guess as gas. Certain words do not follow the typical HKE tone pattern, including see (interjection) si2, then den2, and then en6 den2, plus plas6.

Most accents would be easily understood by me, except heavy Indian English and Southern American English. (and I hate the way some accents pronounce the lot, cloth, thought vowels as ɑ)

English is not my native language, so even though the level of understanding is near-native, I would still make mistakes from time to time, especially mixing up words that are spelt similarly and using a few words that are commonly used as direct translations of common Cantonese phrases. Please do bear with them.

Cantonese

I speak Cantonese that is based on Hong Kong Cantonese, but with a weird accent, notably the following:

• further pronouncing t͡s, t͡sʰ, s as their postaveolar equivalents when followed by certain vowels that do not have this change in mainstream HKC
• partial nasalisation of tone 4
• the n-l, null-ng, tone 2/5, tone 3/6 mergers in quick speech, but they are still distinguished phonemically (except for a few completed mergers)
• heavy consonant assimilation in quick speech:
  • in V唔V forms, e.g. 知ち唔知ち zi1 mi1, 識唔識 sik1 mik1, 愛あい唔愛あい oi3 moi3, 經けい唔經けい ging1 ming1, 明あきら唔明あきら ming4 ming4 (which contrasts with 明あきら明あきら /mɪ̃ mɪng/)
  • before h and j initials (今日きょう gam1 mat6)
  • consonant reduction in quick speech for g>ng (應おう該 jing1 ngoi1, 已やめ經けい ji5 (ng)ing1), z>null (去さ咗 heoi6 o2, 攞咗 lo2 o2), s>z (食しょく zik6). Some of these are not seen in mainstream HKC.

Also note my Cantonese is heavily filled with code-switching and loans from English, so it would be difficult to understand without understanding both languages. Certain idiolectal words include spag spek6 "spaghetti", fact fek1 "(mathematics) to factorize", fact fek6 "(mathematics) factorial", pert pat6 "percent", 頭あたま𩓥頂いただき tau4 ok6 deng2 "top of the head" (=頭あたま殼から頂いただき), 衫架 "clotheshanger" (=衣ころも架か). Idiolectal pronunciations that often persist even in proper speech include 舊きゅう陣じん時じ gau6 wan6 si4, 按摩あんま oi3 mo1, 寵ちょう物ぶつ cou2 mat6.

For formal Cantonese I generally prefer literary words over Mandarin equivalents, since the latter feels weird when spoken in Cantonese.

Mandarin

My pronunciation is extremely bad, and phonemically there are only two tones: the high tone (=T1 and T4) and the rising tone(=T2 and T3), plus the neutral tone which really shouldn't be counted. Other than that it is what you would expect for a Cantonese speaker to learn Mandarin.

Japanese

I can read Japanese fine (provided that it does uses kanji for words that are commonly written in kanji), but my writing skills are horrible; speaking and listening is still at beginner level. Also note that my Japanese sounds are often mapped onto their Cantonese equivalents.

Other

If it's a mixed language I usually can guess around 50% of the meaning by knowing one of the parent languages, 80-90% if both. If the language in question has cognates with either English or Cantonese, I will probably be able to understand it, but the cognates must be very obvious.

Unattested words

• 煙けむり[][] (jin1 gung6 gung6, "smokey")
• 水みず[]水みず[] (seoi2 doe4 seoi2 dai3, "watery, wet")
• comm (kam2/5, "commission")

Useful resources

• English Loanwords in Hong Kong Cantonese
• words.hk
• 粵音資料集しりょうしゅう叢くさむら
• 粵語審しん音おん配はい詞し字じ庫こ
• 漢語かんご多功たこう能のう字じ庫こ
• zi.tools
• kaom.net
• 現代げんだい標準ひょうじゅん漢語かんご與あずか粵語對照たいしょう資料しりょう庫こ (2001)
• 潮しお語ご字典じてん
• 政府せいふ部門ぶもん常用じょうよう辭彙じい
• 中ちゅう英えい雙そう語ご時事じじ詞し彙
• 香港ほんこん中ちゅう文ぶん大學だいがく 資し訊處 遣や詞し用字ようじ統一とういつ表ひょう
• 香港ほんこん手しゅ語ご瀏りゅう覽らん器き
• Unihan
• rime cantonese
• 食しょく水すい含鉛超ちょう標しるべ調ちょう查委員いいん會かい
• 沙すな田た至いたり中ちゅう環たまき線せん項目こうもく紅べに磡站擴建部分ぶぶん及其鄰近的てき建造けんぞう工程こうてい調ちょう查委員いいん會かい
• 香港ほんこん專せん營巴士し服務ふくむ獨立どくりつ檢討けんとう委員いいん會かい
• Hong Kong Government Reports Online (1842-1941)
• Google books:
  • 英譯えいやく廣州こうしゅう話ばなし常用じょうよう口語こうご詞し匯 (bilingual dictionary of idioms)
• [1]
• construction tutorial videos, useful for slang/argot stuff
• https://ccl.hkust.edu.hk/useful_resources
  • 早期そうき粵語標しるべ註語料りょう庫こ
  • 早期そうき粵語口語こうご文獻ぶんけん資料しりょう庫こ
  • 早期そうき漢語かんご方言ほうげん文獻ぶんけん資料しりょう庫こ
  • plus other books on GB and other places
• 早期そうき粵語聖せい經けい資料しりょう庫こ/早期そうき基督教きりすときょう文學ぶんがく資料しりょう庫こ
• 中ちゅう文ぶん詞し彙網絡からま (corpus)
• 中央ちゅうおう研究けんきゅう院いん現代げんだい漢語かんご標記ひょうき語ご料りょう庫こ (corpus)
• [2]

Notes

• Ming Pao: mingpao.com/pns/ = printed in newspaper
• HKET: paper.hket.com = printed in newspaper
• Sing Tao: std.stheadline.com/daily = printed in newspaper