Amstirḍam
Amstirḍam | |||||
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Timura n Wadda | |||||
Tamssugurt | |||||
Awank anayan | Royaume des Pays-Bas | ||||
État du Royaume des Pays-Bas | Timura n Wadda | ||||
Province des Pays-Bas | Hollande-Septentrionale | ||||
Commune des Pays-Bas | Amsterdam | ||||
Tamdint | Amesterdam | ||||
Anssixf n tnbaḍt | Femke Halsema | ||||
Ism amaddud | Amsterdam | ||||
Ism aqqbur | Amsterdam | ||||
Inigl asaway | 1000–1098 d 1100–1109 | ||||
Tajɣraft | |||||
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Tajumma | 219 km² | ||||
Tattuyt | −2 m | ||||
Tdimuɣraft | |||||
Imzdaɣn | 921 468 n imzdaɣn (Yennayer 2023) | ||||
Umlan yaḍnin | |||||
Asrus n trsal | 1300 (Grégorien) | ||||
Tanglt n utilifun | 20 | ||||
Akud adigan | AMS+01:00, heure normale d'Europe centrale d UTC+02:00 | ||||
Timdinin tikniwin | Varna, Lzzayr, Atna, Bogota, Brasilia, Istambul, Jakarta, Kyiv, Managua, Manchester, Montreal, Mosku, Niqusya, Pkin, Recife, Riga, Sarajevo, Willemstad, Beira, Rio de Janeiro, Cali, Ramallah d London | ||||
amsterdam.nl |
Amstirḍam tga tamaẓunt n Hulanḍa d tɣrmt nns akkʷ mqqurn, tufa ida nns ɣilli ɣ mnaggarn wasif n Wamstl d Yijslmir igan yan uglmam abaraw ɣ tmazirt ann. Tiɣrmt-ad iggundan tlla yan imikk ɣ wadday n uswir n yilel, d uggar n yat tmiḍi n isura ad tt izggrn d ar ssiwisn ɣ usswi n ikalln nns, isura-ann d talɣa n tgmma skrn ɣ Wamstirḍam yat ɣ tɣrmiwin akkʷ ẓilnin ɣ Uruppa.[1]
Tamdint taqdimt tlla ɣ wul n Wamstirḍam, llant gis kra n tiswak kṛuṛẓnin, d kra n tgmma ar ttaḍunt s uzmz anammas, ibrgmmi agldan ittyawbnan ɣ wammas n 1600's ar ittaggʷa s usarag n Dam, tama n usarag nna tlla yat talkanist n Nyuwi Kirk (Talkanist Tamaynut).[1]
Ism
Ism n Wamstirḍam s tnglizit iga "Dam of the Amstel", ɣ Tclḥit rad ig "Uggug n Wamstl", imma Amstl hati iga ism n yan wasif ɣid ɣinn.[2]
Amzruy
Ittyawbna Wamstirḍam ɣ wattayn n 1200 ikka tt inn iga ɣar yan udɣar i tgmrt, ilmma skrn gis yan uggug.
Asun-ad iga sul yan wansa ar d srs ttackan iɣrruba n tsbbabt d influkn ssɣ kra iga t mani, awa trwwj gis tizi, d ɣ isggʷasn n 1400 ɣik ann, rad ig yan wammas ibuɣlan n tznzit ɣ uruppa ig yan untal i imzwagn da rwlnin i kra n tarfafant ɣaylli rad ig ɣ tɣrmt-ad yan umyanaw n tmgura d rad gis ilin kra tilbankin ar ṛṭṭlnt iqaṛiḍn i umaka n tmizar n uruppa.[2]
Abuɣlu-ad rad ilkm tigira nns tizi lli rad tkcm Fransa tamazirt n Hulanḍa, tsrs fllas afus nns, d usddurri Afransis nit a rad ig ɣ tɣrmt n Wamstirḍam d tamaẓunt, ukan rad nkrn Iḍutciyn (ayt tmazirt) ad ssdrfin akal nnsn ɣ 1813 macc rad srsn tanbaḍt nnsn ɣ Hag (55 Km n umgala), ɣaylli ikrin tadamsa n tɣrmt n Wamstirḍam, aṛẓẓum n usaru n yill n iẓẓlmḍ rad as daɣ irar tudrt.[1]
Ayt Wamsṭrḍam rad bahra rfufn ɣ uzmz n imiɣ amaḍlan wis sin (1939-1945), igulfa n walimanen rad zbun tamazirt, nkrn ad nɣn ma iggutn ɣ wamun n udayn n tɣrmt lli yad ganin yat 10% ɣ imzdaɣn nns. Ɣ usggʷas 1944, yan uɣʷni icqqan ra nn yaɣ tiɣrmt.[1][2]
Tadamsa
Tbidd tdamsa n tmazirt f tnufa iẓṛfann, tamguri n taylalin d tarakatin tilikṭṛuniyn, tamguri n tiram d usggd n iɣrruba d usnulfu n iyafutn ikimawiyn d win lhint, tbidd ula f tamallayt ula tasbbabt n bṛṛa ula umrara ansbab d tmizar yaḍnin n uruppa.[1]