Japanese calendar
calendar
Japanese calendar types have included several of official and unofficial systems. At present, Japan uses the Gregorian calendar and also the Japanese era name system.[1]
History
changeJapan has more than one traditional system for counting years,[2] including
- The Chinese calendar (sexagenary cycle)[3]
- The Japanese Imperial year (
皇紀 , kōki) or "National calendar year" based on the legendary founding of Japan by Emperor Jimmu in 660 BC.[4] - The Japanese era name (
年号 , nengō) based on the reign of the current emperor[5]
Since the Meiji period, Japan has used the Western Common Era (Anno Domini) (
In Japan today, the old Chinese calendar is rarely used. The system of counting years from the reign of Emperor Jimmu has been abandoned.[7]
Annual holidays in Japan's calendar
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The Japanese calendar has yearly holidays and traditional events. Some of these preserve ancient customs.[9]
The names and dates of some of Japan's national holidays have changed over time.
| Date | English name | Official name | Romanization |
|---|---|---|---|
| January 1 | New Year's Day[10] | Ganjitsu | |
| 2nd Monday of January | Coming of Age Day[11] | Seijin no hi | |
| February 11[12] | National Foundation Day[10] | Kenkoku kinen no hi | |
| February 23 | The Emperor's Birthday[10] | Tennō tanjōbi | |
| March 3 | Girls' Day[13] | Hinamatsuri | |
| March 20 or March 21 | Vernal Equinox Day[10] | Shunbun no hi | |
| April 29 | Shōwa Day[11] | Shōwa no hi | |
| May 3 | Constitution Memorial Day[10] | Kenpō kinenbi | |
| May 4 | Greenery Day[11] | みどり( |
Midori no hi |
| May 5 | Children's Day[10] | Kodomo no hi | |
| 3rd Monday of July | Marine Day[10] | Umi no hi | |
| 3rd Monday of September | Respect for the Aged Day[10] | Keirō no hi | |
| September 23 or September 24[12] | Autumnal Equinox Day[10] | Shūbun no hi | |
| 2nd Monday of October | Health-Sports Day[10] | Taiiku no hi | |
| November 3 | Culture Day[10] | Bunka no hi | |
| November 23[12] | Labour Thanksgiving Day[10] | Kinrō kansha no hi |
Related pages
changeReferences
change- ↑ "Calendar" at Japan-guide.com; Bramsen, William. (1880). Japanese chronological tables, p. 25.
- ↑ Clement, Ernest W. (1902). "Japanese Calendars," in Transactions of the Asiatic Society of Japan, Vol. 30-31, p. 3.
- ↑ Bramsen, pp. 5-11.
- ↑ Bramsen, p. 11.
- ↑ Bramsen, pp. 2-5.
- ↑ Bramsen, p. 25.
- ↑ Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005). "Calendar" in Japan Encyclopedia, pp. 98-99.
- ↑ Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005). "Koi-nobori" in Japan Encyclopedia, p. 544.
- ↑ Nakamura, Akemi. "National holidays trace roots to China, ancients, harvests," Archived 2012-10-18 at the Wayback Machine Japan Times. April 8, 2008; retrieved 2012-2-21.
- ↑ 10.00 10.01 10.02 10.03 10.04 10.05 10.06 10.07 10.08 10.09 10.10 10.11 Brown, Ju. (2006). China, Japan, Korea: Culture and Customs, p. 68.
- ↑ 11.0 11.1 11.2 InfoMapJAPAN, "Japanese National Holidays/Traditional Events" Archived 2012-01-25 at the Wayback Machine; retreieved 2012-2-21.
- ↑ 12.0 12.1 12.2 "Japan," Catholic Encyclopedia (2009); retrieved 2012-2-21.
- ↑ Hinamatsuri at About.com Archived 2009-10-10 at the Wayback Machine; retrieved 2013-3-6.
Other websites
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