古木 基 文
类型 | |
---|---|
书写 | ![]() |
语言 | |
ISO 15924 | |
ISO 15924 | Guru (310), Gurmukhi |
Unicode | |
别名 | Gurmukhi |
范围 | U+0A00–U+0A7F |
字母 表
[编辑]ੳ | Ura | ਅ | Aira | ੲ | Iri | ਸ | Susa | Sa | ਹ | Haha | Ha | |||
ਕ | Kaka | Ka | ਖ | Khukha | Kha | ਗ | Guga | Ga | ਘ | Kuga | kà | ਙ | Ngunga | Nga |
ਚ | Cuca | Ca | ਛ | Chucha | Cha | ਜ | Juja | Ja | ਝ | Chuja | chà | ਞ | Nena | Nya |
ਟ | Tainka | Tta | ਠ | Tthuttha | Ttha | ਡ | Ddudda | Dda | ਢ | Tthudda | Ttà | ਣ | Nnanna | Nna |
ਤ | Tuta | Ta | ਥ | Thutha | Tha | ਦ | Duda | Da | ਧ | Tuda | Tà | ਨ | Nuna | Na |
ਪ | Pupa | Pa | ਫ | Phupha | Pha | ਬ | Buba | Ba | ਭ | Puba | Pà | ਮ | Muma | Ma |
ਯ | Yaiya | Ya | ਰ | Rara | Ra | ਲ | Lala | La | ਵ | Vava | Va | ੜ | Rharha | Rha |
此外,
ਸ਼ | Susa pair bindi | Sha |
ਖ਼ | Khukha pair bindi | Xa |
ਗ਼ | Guga pair bindi | Ghha |
ਜ਼ | Juja pair bindi | Za |
ਫ਼ | Phupha pair bindi | Fa |
ਲ਼ | Llalla pair bindi | Lla |
元 音
[编辑]IPA | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Unicode | |||||
ਅ | ( |
ਕ | Mukta | A | [ə] |
ਆ | ਾ | ਕਾ | Kanna | AA | [ɑː] |
ਇ | ਿ | ਕਿ | Sihari | I | [ɪ] |
ਈ | ੀ | ਕੀ | Bihari | II | [iː] |
ਉ | ੁ | ਕੁ | Onkar | U | [ʊ] |
ਊ | ੂ | ਕੂ | Dulankar | UU | [uː] |
ਏ | ੇ | ਕੇ | Lavan | EE | [eː] |
ਐ | ੈ | ਕੈ | Dulavan | AI | [ɛː] |
ਓ | ੋ | ਕੋ | Hora | OO | [oː] |
ਔ | ੌ | ਕੌ | Kanora | [ɔː] |
Halant
[编辑]Halant(੍)
- ਕ – Ka
- ਕ੍ – K
其他符號
[编辑]![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Southall_station_sign.jpg/220px-Southall_station_sign.jpg)
Bindi(ਂ)
Visarg
[编辑]Visarg
Ek Onkar
[编辑]Ek Onkar(ੴ)
數字
[编辑]੦ | ਸਿਫਰ sifər | 0 |
੧ | ਇੱਕ ikk | 1 |
੨ | ਦੋ do | 2 |
੩ | ਤਿੰਨ tinn | 3 |
੪ | ਚਾਰ chār | 4 |
੫ | ਪੰਜ pənj | 5 |
੬ | ਛੇ che | 6 |
੭ | ਸੱਤ sətt | 7 |
੮ | ਅੱਠ əṭṭ | 8 |
੯ | ਨੌਂ nãũ | 9 |
੧੦ | ਦਸ dəs | 10 |
Unicode編 碼
[编辑]Unicode
Gurmukhi[1][2] Unicode Consortium | ||||||||||||||||
0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | A | B | C | D | E | F | |
U+0A0x | ਁ | ਂ | ਃ | ਅ | ਆ | ਇ | ਈ | ਉ | ਊ | ਏ | ||||||
U+0A1x | ਐ | ਓ | ਔ | ਕ | ਖ | ਗ | ਘ | ਙ | ਚ | ਛ | ਜ | ਝ | ਞ | ਟ | ||
U+0A2x | ਠ | ਡ | ਢ | ਣ | ਤ | ਥ | ਦ | ਧ | ਨ | ਪ | ਫ | ਬ | ਭ | ਮ | ਯ | |
U+0A3x | ਰ | ਲ | ਲ਼ | ਵ | ਸ਼ | ਸ | ਹ | ਼ | ਾ | ਿ | ||||||
U+0A4x | ੀ | ੁ | ੂ | ੇ | ੈ | ੋ | ੌ | ੍ | ||||||||
U+0A5x | ੑ | ਖ਼ | ਗ਼ | ਜ਼ | ੜ | ਫ਼ | ||||||||||
U+0A6x | ੦ | ੧ | ੨ | ੩ | ੪ | ੫ | ੬ | ੭ | ੮ | ੯ | ||||||
U+0A7x | ੰ | ੱ | ੲ | ੳ | ੴ | ੵ | ੶ | |||||||||
引用
[编辑]- ^ An illustrated history of world religions
參考 文獻
[编辑]- Gurbaksh(G.B.)Singh. Gurmukhi Lipi da Janam te Vikas. Chandigarh: Punjab University, 1950.
- Ishar Singh Tãgh, Dr. Gurmukhi Lipi da Vigyamulak Adhiyan. Patiala: Jodh Singh Karamjit Singh.
- Kala Singh Bedi, Dr. Lipi da Vikas. Patiala: Punjabi University, 1995.
- Kartar Singh Dakha. Gurmukhi te Hindi da Takra. 1948.
- Piara Singh Padam, Prof. Gurmukhi Lipi da Itihas. Patiala: Kalgidhar Kalam Foundation Kalam Mandir, 1953.
- Prem Parkash Singh, Dr. "Gurmukhi di Utpati." Khoj Patrika, Patiala: Punjabi University.
- Pritam Singh, Prof. "Gurmukhi Lipi." Khoj Patrika. p. 110, vol.36, 1992. Patiala: Punjabi University.
- Sohan Singh Galautra. Punjab dian Lipiã.
- Tarlochan Singh Bedi, Dr. Gurmukhi Lipi da Janam te Vikas. Patiala: Punjabi University, 1999.
外部 連結
[编辑]- Free Online Gurmukhi Typewriter
- Utility to write in Gurmukhi using Transliteration
- Punjabi Computing Resource Centre (页面
存 档备份,存 于互联网档案 馆) - Saab - A free Unicode 4.0 OpenType Gurmukhi font (页面
存 档备份,存 于互联网档案 馆) - Gurmukhi pseudo text generator (页面
存 档备份,存 于互联网档案 馆) - Free online Punjabi (Gurmukhi) lessons (页面
存 档备份,存 于互联网档案 馆) - Gurmukhi in Guru Granth Sahib[
失效 連結 ] - Learn Gurmukhi
- Omniglots guide to Gurmukhi(页面
存 档备份,存 于互联网档案 馆) - Test for Unicode support in Web browsers (页面
存 档备份,存 于互联网档案 馆) - Unicode script chart for Gurmukhi (PDF file)(页面
存 档备份,存 于互联网档案 馆) - The Advanced Centre for Technical Development of Punjabi language, Literature and Culture, Punjabi University, Patiala(页面
存 档备份,存 于互联网档案 馆) - dhanasari-tum daate