米 特 里 達 梯 一 世 (安息 帝國 )
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逝世 | |
祆教 |
名 諱 [编辑]
「
早年 [编辑]
統治 [编辑]
在 東方 的 戰爭 [编辑]
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Coin_of_Mithridates_I_of_Parthia%2C_Hamadan_mint._Elephant_standing_on_the_reverse.jpg/220px-Coin_of_Mithridates_I_of_Parthia%2C_Hamadan_mint._Elephant_standing_on_the_reverse.jpg)
在 西方 的 戰爭 [编辑]
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Babylon_city_Iraq.jpg/220px-Babylon_city_Iraq.jpg)
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Coin_of_Demetrius_II_Nicator%2C_Ptolemais_in_Phoenicia_mint.jpg/220px-Coin_of_Demetrius_II_Nicator%2C_Ptolemais_in_Phoenicia_mint.jpg)
赫卡
鑄 幣 及帝國 意識 形態 [编辑]
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Coin_of_Mithridates_I_of_Parthia_wearing_a_soft_cap.jpg/220px-Coin_of_Mithridates_I_of_Parthia_wearing_a_soft_cap.jpg)
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/MithridatesIParthiaCoinHistoryofIran.jpg/220px-MithridatesIParthiaCoinHistoryofIran.jpg)
大 興 土木 [编辑]
尚義 諾 路 齊 浮雕[编辑]
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Xong-e_Ashdar_Parthian_relief.jpg/220px-Xong-e_Ashdar_Parthian_relief.jpg)
遺產 [编辑]
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Conquest_of_Mithridates_I-en_and_zh-hant.png/220px-Conquest_of_Mithridates_I-en_and_zh-hant.png)
家族 [编辑]
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腳注[编辑]
- ^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Daryaee 2012,
第 169頁 . - ^ Frye 1984,
第 211頁 . - ^ 3.0 3.1 Katouzian 2009,
第 41頁 . - ^ Mayor 2009,
第 1頁 . - ^ Schmitt 2005.
- ^ Olbrycht 2016,
第 97, 99–100頁 . - ^ Olbrycht 2016,
第 100頁 . - ^ 8.0 8.1 Justinus 1853.
- ^ Olbrycht 2010,
第 229–230頁 . - ^ Olbrycht 2010,
第 234頁 . - ^ 11.0 11.1 Olbrycht 2010,
第 237頁 . - ^ Olbrycht 2010,
第 236–237頁 . - ^ Daryaee 2016,
第 40頁 . - ^ 14.0 14.1 14.2 Curtis 2007,
第 10–11頁 . - ^ Bivar 1983,
第 33頁 . - ^ 16.0 16.1 16.2 16.3 Garthwaite 2005,
第 76頁 . - ^ Shayegan 2011,
第 72–74頁 . - ^ Olbrycht 2010,
第 239–240頁 . - ^ Dąbrowa 2010,
第 28頁 . - ^ 20.0 20.1 Brosius 2006,
第 86–87頁 . - ^ 21.0 21.1 21.2 Bivar 1983,
第 34頁 . - ^ Shayegan 2011,
第 67頁 . - ^ 23.0 23.1 23.2 Bivar 1983,
第 35頁 . - ^ Brosius 2006,
第 103, 110–113頁 . - ^ Kennedy 1996,
第 73頁 . - ^ Garthwaite 2005,
第 77頁 . - ^ Brown 1997,
第 80-84頁 . - ^ 28.0 28.1 28.2 28.3 28.4 28.5 28.6 Schippmann 1986,
第 525–536頁 . - ^ 29.0 29.1 Brosius 2006,
第 89頁 . - ^ Shayegan 2007,
第 83–103, 178頁 . - ^ 31.0 31.1 Dąbrowa 2018,
第 75頁 . - ^ Shayegan 2007,
第 83–103頁 . - ^ 33.0 33.1 Nabel 2017,
第 32頁 . - ^ Hansman 1998,
第 373–376頁 . - ^ Wiesehöfer 2000,
第 195頁 . - ^ Shayegan 2011,
第 178頁 . - ^ Sellwood 1983,
第 304頁 . - ^ Assar 2006,
第 58頁 . - ^ Assar 2009,
第 134頁 . - ^ 40.0 40.1 40.2 Daryaee 2012,
第 179頁 . - ^ Sinisi 2012,
第 280頁 . - ^ Curtis 2012,
第 68頁 . - ^ Brosius 2006,
第 101–102頁 . - ^ 44.0 44.1 44.2 44.3 44.4 Curtis 2007,
第 9頁 . - ^ Daryaee 2012,
第 170頁 . - ^ Dąbrowa 2013,
第 54頁 . - ^ Curtis 2012,
第 69頁 . - ^ Curtis 2012,
第 69, 76–77頁 . - ^ Kia 2016,
第 23頁 . - ^ Dąbrowa 2012,
第 179–180頁 . - ^ 51.0 51.1 Dąbrowa 2010,
第 42–43頁 . - ^ Invernizzi.
- ^ 53.0 53.1 53.2 Kröger 1993,
第 446–448頁 . - ^ Mathiesen 1992,
第 119–121頁 . - ^ Shayegan 2011,
第 106頁 . - ^ Colledge 1977,
第 92頁 . - ^ Shayegan 2011,
第 106–107頁 . - ^ Kawami 2013,
第 762–763頁 .
參考 文獻 [编辑]
古 籍 [编辑]
- Strabo. Geographica. 23.
- Justinus. xli. Epitome of the Philippic History of Pompeius Trogus. Watson, John Selby (Translation). London. 1853 [2020-08-04]. (
原始 内容 存 档于2021-10-27).
現代 文獻 [编辑]
- Assar, Gholamreza F. A Revised Parthian Chronology of the Period 91-55 BC. Parthica. Incontri di Culture Nel Mondo Antico (Istituti Editoriali e Poligrafici Internazionali). 2006,. 8: Papers Presented to David Sellwood. ISBN 978-8-881-47453-0. ISSN 1128-6342.
- Assar, Gholamreza F. Artabanus of Trogus Pompeius' 41st Prologue. Electrum (Kraków). 2009, 15.
- Brown, Stuart C. Ecbatana. Encyclopaedia Iranica, Vol. VIII, Fasc. 1: 80–84. 1997 [2020-07-29]. (
原始 内容 存 档于2017-11-17). - Bickerman, Elias J. The Seleucid Period. Yarshater, Ehsan (编). The Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 3(1): The Seleucid, Parthian and Sasanian Periods. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 1983: 3–20. ISBN 0-521-20092-X.
- Bivar, A. D. H. The Political History of Iran under the Arsacids. Yarshater, Ehsan (编). The Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 3(1): The Seleucid, Parthian and Sasanian Periods. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 1983: 21–99. ISBN 0-521-20092-X.
- Brosius, Maria, The Persians: An Introduction, London & New York: Routledge, 2006, ISBN 0-415-32089-5
- Curtis, Vesta Sarkhosh; Stewart, Sarah (编), The Age of the Parthians, Ideas of Iran, vol. 2, London: I. B. Tauris, 2007
- Curtis, Vesta Sarkhosh, The Iranian Revival in the Parthian Period, Curtis, Vesta Sarkhosh and Sarah Stewart (编), The Age of the Parthians: The Ideas of Iran 2, London & New York: I.B. Tauris & Co Ltd., in association with the London Middle East Institute at SOAS and the British Museum: 7–25, 2007, ISBN 978-1-84511-406-0
- Curtis, Vesta Sarkhosh. Parthian coins: Kingship and Divine Glory. The Parthian Empire and its Religions. 2012: 67–83 [2020-08-04]. ISBN 9783940598134. (
原始 内容 存 档于2022-03-14). - Colledge, Malcolm A. R. Parthian art. Elek. 1977: 1–200.
- Dąbrowa, Edward. Mithradates I and the Beginning of the Ruler-cult in Parthia. Electrum. 2009, 15: 41–51 [2020-08-04]. (
原始 内容 存 档于2021-10-19). - Dąbrowa, Edward. The Arsacids and their State XI: 21–52. 2010 [2020-08-04]. (
原始 内容 存 档于2021-10-18). - Dąbrowa, Edward. The Parthian Aristocracy: its Social Position and Political Activity. Parthica. 2013, 15: 53–62 [2020-08-04]. (
原始 内容 存 档于2021-10-18). - Dąbrowa, Edward. Arsacid Dynastic Marriages. Electrum. 2018, 25: 73–83. doi:10.4467/20800909EL.18.005.8925.
- Dąbrowa, Edward. The Arsacid Empire. Daryaee, Touraj (编). The Oxford Handbook of Iranian History. Oxford University Press. 2012: 164–186 [2019-02-03]. ISBN 978-0-19-987575-7. (
原始 内容 存 档于2019-01-01). - Daryaee, Touraj. The Oxford Handbook of Iranian History. Oxford University Press. 2012: 1–432 [2019-02-03]. ISBN 978-0-19-987575-7. (
原始 内容 存 档于2019-01-01). - Daryaee, Touraj. From Terror to Tactical Usage: Elephants in the Partho-Sasanian Period. Curtis, Vesta Sarkhosh; Pendleton, Elizabeth J.; Alram, Michael; Daryaee, Touraj (编). The Parthian and Early Sasanian Empires: Adaptation and Expansion. Oxbow Books. 2016. ISBN 9781785702082.
- Frye, Richard Nelson. The History of Ancient Iran. C. H. Beck. 1984: 1–411. ISBN 9783406093975.
- Garthwaite, Gene Ralph, The Persians, Oxford & Carlton: Blackwell Publishing, Ltd., 2005, ISBN 1-55786-860-3
- Invernizzi, Antonio. Nisa. Encyclopaedia Iranica. [2020-07-29]. (
原始 内容 存 档于2012-10-18). - Katouzian, Homa, The Persians: Ancient, Medieval, and Modern Iran, New Haven & London: Yale University Press, 2009, ISBN 978-0-300-12118-6
- Kawami, Trudy S. Parthian and Elymaean Rock Reliefs. Potts, Daniel T. (编). The Oxford Handbook of Ancient Iran. Oxford University Press. 2013. ISBN 978-0199733309.
- Kröger, Jens. Ctesiphon. Encyclopaedia Iranica, Vol. IV, Fasc. 4: 446–448. 1993 [2020-07-29]. (
原始 内容 存 档于2016-05-17). - Kennedy, David, Parthia and Rome: eastern perspectives, Kennedy, David L.; Braund, David (编), The Roman Army in the East, Ann Arbor: Cushing Malloy Inc., Journal of Roman Archaeology: Supplementary Series Number Eighteen: 67–90, 1996, ISBN 1-887829-18-0
- Hansman, John F. Elymais. Encyclopaedia Iranica, Vol. VIII, Fasc. 4: 373–376. 1998 [2020-07-29]. (
原始 内容 存 档于2020-05-26). - Kia, Mehrdad. The Persian Empire: A Historical Encyclopedia [2 volumes]. Santa Barbara: ABC-CLIO. 2016 [2020-07-19]. ISBN 978-1610693912. (
原始 内容 存 档于2020-07-14). - Mathiesen, Hans Erik. Sculpture in the Parthian Empire. Aarhus University Press. 1992: 1–231. ISBN 9788772883113.
- Mayor, Adrienne. The Poison King: The Life and Legend of Mithradates, Rome's Deadliest Enemy. Princeton University Press. 2009: 1–448. ISBN 9780691150260.
- Nabel, Jake. The Seleucids Imprisoned: Arsacid-Roman Hostage Submission and Its Hellenistic Precedents: 25–50. 2017 [2020-08-04]. (
原始 内容 存 档于2021-10-18). - Olbrycht, Marek Jan. Mithradates I of Parthia and His Conquests up to 141 B.C.: 229–245. 2010 [2020-08-04]. (
原始 内容 存 档于2021-10-28). - Olbrycht, Marek Jan. The Sacral Kingship of the early Arsacids I. Fire Cult and Kingly Glory: 91–106. 2016 [2020-08-04]. (
原始 内容 存 档于2021-11-03). - Pourshariati, Parvaneh. Decline and Fall of the Sasanian Empire: The Sasanian-Parthian Confederacy and the Arab Conquest of Iran. London and New York: I. B. Tauris. 2008. ISBN 978-1-84511-645-3.
- Schippmann, K. Arsacids ii. The Arsacid dynasty. Encyclopaedia Iranica, Vol. II, Fasc. 5: 525–536. 1986 [2020-07-29]. (
原始 内容 存 档于2020-02-02). - Schmitt, Rüdiger. Personal Names, Iranian iv. Parthian Period. Encyclopaedia Iranica. 2005 [2020-07-29]. (
原始 内容 存 档于2020-05-26). - Sellwood, David. Minor States in Southern Iran. Yarshater, Ehsan (编). The Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 3(1): The Seleucid, Parthian and Sasanian Periods. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 1983: 299–322. ISBN 0-521-20092-X.
- Shayegan, Rahim M., On Demetrius II Nicator's Arsacid Captivity and Second Rule, Bulletin of the Asia Institute, 2007, 17: 83–103
- Shayegan, M. Rahim. Arsacids and Sasanians: Political Ideology in Post-Hellenistic and Late Antique Persia. Cambridge University Press. 2011: 1–539. ISBN 9780521766418.
- Sinisi, Fabrizio. The Coinage of the Parthians. Metcalf, William E. (编). The Oxford Handbook of Greek and Roman Coinage. Oxford University Press. 2012. ISBN 978-0195305746.
- Wiesehöfer, Josef. Frataraka. Encyclopaedia Iranica, Vol. X, Fasc. 2: 195. 2000 [2020-07-29]. (
原始 内容 存 档于2020-05-26).
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