牡蠣かき屬ぞく

牡蠣かき屬ぞく 化石かせき时期：
A lower valve (the attachment valve) of a shell of Ostrea edulis
科学かがく分ぶん类
界さかい：	动物界かい Animalia
门：	軟體動物なんたいどうぶつ門もん Mollusca
纲：	双そう壳纲 Bivalvia
目め：	牡蛎かき目め Ostreida
科か：	牡蛎かき科か Ostreidae
亚科：	牡蠣かき亞あ科か Ostreinae
属ぞく：	牡蠣かき屬ぞく Ostrea (Linnaeus, 1758)
物種ものだね
見み內文

牡蠣かき屬ぞく（學名がくめい：Ostrea）是これ牡蠣かき目め牡蠣かき科か之これ下か的てき一いち個こ海洋かいよう雙そう殼から綱つな軟體動物なんたいどうぶつ的てき屬ぞく，其物種しゅ均ひとし可か食用しょくよう。

Fossil valves of Ostrea forskali from Pliocene of Italy

化石かせき紀き錄ろく

本屬ほんぞく物種ものだね的てき歷史れきし非常ひじょう悠久ゆうきゅう：其化石かせき紀き錄ろく最さい遠とお可か追おい遡さかのぼ至いたり二に叠纪到いた第だい四よん紀き期間きかん（2.59億おく年ねん前まえ至いたり現在げんざい），而且遍へん佈全世界せかい。 現時げんじ本屬ほんぞく之の下しも有ゆう約やく150個こ化石かせき種しゅ。

歷史れきし

當とう中ちゅう加州かしゅう太平洋たいへいよう海岸かいがん進行しんこう考古学こうこがく發掘はっくつ之の時とき，至いたり少しょう有ゆう一いち個こ本屬ほんぞく物種ものだね（當とう中ちゅう包括ほうかつOstrea lurida）的てき化石かせき被ひ發掘はっくつ出來でき。這表明ひょうめい了りょう早期そうき的てき美國びくに原住民げんじゅうみん丘おか马什人じん以這些物種しゅ為ため其食物ぶつ來らい源げん。

物種ものだね

過か往本屬ほんぞく物種ものだね最高さいこう曾多達たち400個こ，但ただし現時げんじ絕大ぜつだい多數たすう均ひとし已やめ被ひ分ぶん到いた不同ふどう的てき屬ぞく去さ。截至2018年ねん7月がつ4日にち (2018-07-04)，WoRMS紀き錄ろく的てき物種ものだね計けい有ゆう：

• Ostrea angelica Rochebrune, 1895
• Ostrea arcula Marwick, 1928 †
• Ostrea atherstonei Newton, 1913
• Ostrea chilensis Philippi, 1844
• Ostrea circumpicta Pilsbry, 1904
• Ostrea conchaphila Carpenter, 1857
• 密みつ鱗うろこ牡蠣かき Ostrea denselamellosa (Lischke, 1869)：又また名な拖鞋牡蠣かき。
• Ostrea edulis Linnaeus, 1758
• Ostrea futamiensis Seki, 1929
• Ostrea libella Weisbord, 1964
• Ostrea lurida Carpenter, 1864
• †Ostrea margaritae Pilsbry, 1918
• Ostrea megodon Hanley, 1846
• Ostrea oleomargarita Oliver, Salvi, and Al-Kandari
• Ostrea puelchana d'Orbigny, 1842
• Ostrea stentina Payraudeau, 1826
• †Ostrea tatei Suter, 1913
• †Ostrea waitangiensis Marwick, 1928

異名いみょう

• †Ostrea albertensis Russell & Landes, 1937
• Ostrea angasi Sowerby, 1846
• †Ostrea angulata Sowerby, 1840
• †Ostrea angusta Deshayes, 1824
• †Ostrea anomialis Lamarck, 1819
• †Ostrea antarctica Zinsmeister, 1984
• †Ostrea arenicola Tate, 1886
• Ostrea aupouria Dinamani, 1981
• †Ostrea beloiti Logan, 1899
• †Ostrea bicolor Hanley, 1854
• †Ostrea blackensis Stephenson, 1923
• †Ostrea brongniarti Bronn, 1856
• Ostrea californica Mareon, 1858
• †Ostrea carolinensis Conrad, 1832
• †Ostrea castellobrancoi Maury 1936
• †Ostrea cochlear Poli, 1795
• †Ostrea compressirostra Say, 1824
• †Ostrea costaricensis Olsson, 1922
• 緣えん齒ぱ牡蠣かき Ostrea crenulifera G. B. Sowerby II, 1871：今いま作さくDendostrea sandvichensis (G. B. Sowerby II, 1871)。
• Ostrea crenulimarginata Gabb, 1860
• Ostrea cristata Born, 1778
• †Ostrea cubitus Deshayes, 1832
• Ostrea cumingiana Dunker, 1846
• †Ostrea cynthiae Maury, 1912
• †Ostrea democraciana Hodson et al., 1927
• †Ostrea dorsalis Azzaroli, 1958
• Ostrea edulis Linnaeus, 1758- Edible oyster or Belon oyster
• 棘とげ刺とげ牡蠣かき Ostrea echinata
• †Ostrea edwilsoni Stoyanow, 1949
• †Ostrea eorivularis Oyama & Mizuno, 1958
• Ostrea equestris (Say, 1834)- Crested oyster
• Ostrea erici Hertlein, 1929
• Ostrea flavicans Linnaeus, 1758
• 葉は片へん牡蠣かき Ostrea folium ：又また名な薄片はくへん牡蠣かき，今いま作さくDendostrea folium。
• †Ostrea forskali Chemnitz, 1785
• †Ostrea fraasi Mayer-Eymar, 1888
• †Ostrea frondosa de Serres, 1829
• †Ostrea gajensis Vredenburg, 1928
• †Ostrea gingensis Schlotheim, 1813
• Ostrea glabra Linnaeus, 1758
• †Ostrea golfotristensis Maury 1912
• †Ostrea haleyi Hertlein, 1933
• †Ostrea hippopus Tate, 1886
• 舌した骨こつ牡蠣かき Ostrea hyotis
• †Ostrea hyotidoidea Tate, 1899
• †Ostrea imbricata Lamarck, 1819
• †Ostrea incisa Martin, 1883
• †Ostrea invalida White, 1887
• Ostrea iridescens Gray, 1854
• †Ostrea jogjacartensis Martin, 1914
• †Ostrea khamirensis Cox, 1936
• †Ostrea latimarginata Vredenburg, 1908
• †Ostrea longirostris Lamarck, 1806
• †Ostrea ludensis Deshayes, 1861
• †Ostrea lutaria Hutton, 1885
• Ostrea maculosa Forskål, 1775
• †Ostrea manubriata Tate, 1887
• †Ostrea marginidentata Wood, 1861
• †Ostrea matercula de Verneuil, 1845
• †Ostrea mauricensis Gabb, 1860
• †Ostrea mesenterica Morton, 1834
• †Ostrea messor Maury, 1925
• †Ostrea minbuensis Cotter, 1923
• †Ostrea minerensis Russell & Landes, 1937
• Ostrea minuta Linnaeus, 1758
• Ostrea miradorensis Olsson, 1931
• †Ostrea monetalis Martin, 1931
• 咬齒牡蠣かき Ostrea mordax ：今いま作さく黑くろ齒ぱ牡蠣かき
• †Ostrea negritensis Olsson, 1928
• †Ostrea normali Gardner, 1926
• Ostrea obliterata Linnaeus, 1758
• †Ostrea pangadiensis Hislop, 1859
• †Ostrea paracasensis Rivera, 1957
• †Ostrea parasitica Gmelin, 1791
• †Ostrea paroxis Lesueur, 1829
• †Ostrea parrensis Vega et al., 1999
• †Ostrea pejerreyensis Rivera, 1957
• Ostrea pellucens Linnaeus, 1758
• Ostrea pesfelis Linnaeus, 1758
• †Ostrea petrosa Fuchs, 1879
• †Ostrea peytoni Richards, 1947
• †Ostrea pileosimilis Martin, 1931
• Ostrea plicatula Gmelin, 1791
• †Ostrea portoricoensis Hubbard, 1920
• †Ostrea princeps Woods, 1850
• †Ostrea procyonis Maury, 1924
• †Ostrea prona Wood, 1861
• †Ostrea protoimbricata Vredenburg, 1928
• †Ostrea pseudocrassissima Fuchs, 1878
• †Ostrea pseudodigitalina Fuchs, 1879
• †Ostrea pseudorissensis Vredenburg, 1928
• †Ostrea pulaskensis Harris, 1892
• Ostrea radula Linnaeus, 1758
• †Ostrea raveneliana Tuomey & Holmes, 1855
• †Ostrea resupinata Deshayes, 1858
• Ostrea retusa Sowerby, 1871
• †Ostrea russelli Russell & Landes, 1937
• †Ostrea samanensis Olsson, 1928
• Ostrea sanguinea Linnaeus, 1758
• †Ostrea saxitoniana McLearn, 1929
• †Ostrea seymourensis Zinsmeister, 1984
• †Ostrea soleniscus Meek, 1893
• Ostrea striatula Linnaeus, 1758
• †Ostrea sturtiana Tate, 1886
• †Ostrea subangulata d'Orbigny, 1852
• †Ostrea submissa Deshayes, 1864
• †Ostrea subradiosa Bohm, 1926
• Ostrea superficialis Forskål, 1775
• †Ostrea tacalensis Hodson et al., 1927
• †Ostrea tayloriana Gabb, 1866
• †Ostrea thalassoklusta Maury, 1912
• 大連たいれん灣わん牡蠣かき Ostrea talienwhanensis
• Ostrea tridacnaeformis Cox, 1927
• †Ostrea turkestanensis Romanovski, 1880
• †Ostrea uncinta Lamarck, 1806
• †Ostrea ungulata Nyst, 1843
• †Ostrea ventilabrum Goldfuss, 1826
• †Ostrea vestita Fuchs, 1883
• †Ostrea wiedenmayeri Hodson et al., 1927
• †Ostrea wollastoni Finlay, 1927

參考さんこう文獻ぶんけん

• James Dwight Dana (1996) Manual of Geology: Treating of the Principles of the Science with Special Reference to American Geological History, American Book Co., 1088 pages
• C.Michael Hogan (2008) Morro Creek, The Megalithic Portal, ed. by A. Burnham [1] （页面存そん档备份，存そん于互联网档案あん馆）

外部がいぶ連結れんけつ

• 維基物種ものだね上うえ的てき相關そうかん信しん息いき：牡蠣かき屬ぞく