Hungary
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/220px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png)
Syongyali(匈牙利 :Syongyali a sowal:Magyarország)
[mikawit | o yin-se-ma no pisinanot]![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/EU-Hungary.svg/220px-EU-Hungary.svg.png)
Takaray sowal(概要 )
[mikawit | o yin-se-ma no pisinanot]O itiraay i laloma’an no Yoropa Karopaw a kitakit. O faco no sera ira ko masasiromaay a sowal, o itiraay i Sifo’an-Yoropa ano ca itiraay i Sawalian-Yoropa a kitakit saan, isaka’amisan o Selofako,isaka’amis no sakawalian o Wukolan, isakawalian ato isakatimol no sakawalian malafiyaw ato Romaniya, isakatimola malafiyaw ato Sayerwiya, isakatimol no saka’etipan malafiyaw ato Koroaysiya, isaka’eyipa malafiyaw ato Selofiniya, isaka’amis no sak’etipa malafiyaw ato Awtili. Ono sifoan a sowal o Macar-sowal, o kalasowalan no Yoropa to cowa ko Indo-Yoropa a Rayray sowal.[1] o isifo’ay rayray ko kakahad no sera no kapot no Yoropa-Lekatep. O syoto ato sakakaay a tokay o Potapiso, o roma a tata’angay a tokay ira ko Topolesong, Saykoto, Misenkorci, Pice ato Cyoer.
Itiya ho to pinapina a patek ko mihecaan makowan no romaroma a finacadan ko Syongyali, ona mikowanay ira ko Taciya-tamdaw, Kayerto-tamadaw, Roma-tamdaw, Lerman-tamdaw, Syong-tamdaw, Sa’etipay-Selafo tamdaw ato Awaer-tamdaw ko kaadihay. I saikoray no saka 9 sici, ira ko pikerid ni Aerpoto-Kakitaan ko Macaer-tamdaw pakacowat to Koerpasin-masafodawanay pala.(
Iikor tono Sakacecay-Lalood, matekop ko Aw-Syong Hontian kitakit, maherek matatilid to Tayroyyanong-Kakaketonan, ma’afas ko 71%a sera ato 58% a atamdaw, mahaop ko 32% a Macaer-Tamdaw.[5] [6][7]To ikor a karawrawan no kitakit mikapot ko Syongyali to Tokodan-Kitakit(Ikiris a sowal:Axis power; Toic a sowal:Die Achsenmächte) mikapot to Sakatosa-Lalood, wataay ko mapatayay ato madoka’ay a tamdaw.[8] [9]ikor tono Sakatosa-Lalood malatawtaw i taliyok no Solin tahira i 1989 miheca. Itiya i 1956 miheca cakalaheci koya milololay a demak, misawad ci Koro-Ayno, ci Katoer-Yanosin (卡達
Ngangan no kitakti(國名 )
[mikawit | o yin-se-ma no pisinanot]![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Historical_map_of_the_Balkans_around_582-612_AD-zh.svg/220px-Historical_map_of_the_Balkans_around_582-612_AD-zh.svg.png)
Ona Syongyali tatapangan ngangan pakolatin a sowal to “ Hungaria” hato sanay, nawhani itiniay a maro’ ko Syong-tamdaw, nani tilid a minengneng i,Hungaria sanay a tilid ono Kirisiya a “Oungori ” malalatingay, ora sa tilid no Kirisiya tona “Oungroi” o nani katelangay kyokay a Selafo sowal to “ągrinŭ” malakirisiyaay a tilid.itini i katelangay kyokay a Selafo sowal tona “ągrinŭ” sanay i,onani Wukoer-sowal to “Onogur” a malaselafoay to a tilid. Itini i Wukoer-sowal tona “Onogur” o itiyaay ho a mikapotay to Pawciyaliya-Tatakopay Kitakit a Awawer-tamdaw, yo maserer to ko ‘otip mikowanay to polong isawaliay a niyaro’ no aniniay a Syongyali, cowa ko finacadan ano niyar’' ko nitoro’an.[11] [12]
O syongyali a ngangan itini tona kitakit a sakakaay finacadan Macaer-sowal o “Magyarország” sanay, o imi nona sowal i, ono “ Macaer-tamdaw a kitakit” sanay. Itinien i sowal no Torko ato Posi o “Macaer” hananay ko pitahidang to kitakit, paciping hananay to i wikor no tilid tona niyahan a ngiha’. ora o “ macaer” (Magyar) o nialaan nani pitoay a pacarcaray-nipaka’en to kina’orip a kakeridan no Lekatep
“Magyeri” [13][14][15] I sa’ayaway a pecih nona tilid ”Magy” nani tiraay o sowal no Wukoer-sowal tora “Mäńć”, o imi nonini o “tamdaw “ sanay, iraay a makera i sowal no Mansi-tamdaw to Mäńćī,Mańśi,Måńś. Iikoray a pecih no Magyeri a “eri” o “fainayan”, “rocok no ‘irang”, ona tilid itini i Macaer mafalic to “Férj” o “ fainay” sanay to a mafalic. O malecaday ko tatapangan nona tilid ato tilid no Mansi-sowal “Wrge”(wawa to fainayan) ato katelangay a sowal no Finlan to “Yrkä”(o kapah).[16]
Rikisi(歷史 )
[mikawit | o yin-se-ma no pisinanot]I’ayaw no 895 miheca(895 年 之 前 )
[mikawit | o yin-se-ma no pisinanot]I’ayaw ni Yiesoan to 9 miheca, mi’eco ko Roma-tamdaw to itiniay a yincumin Taciya-tamdaw patireng to Panoniya-kowan. 395 miheca, mapecih ko Roma-Hontian kitakit, oya tamdaw tatootoor sa a tayni maforawraw. I saka 5 sici, Syong-tamdaw keriden no Atila-tamdaw patireng to Syongnu-Hontian kitakit(434-453). 453 miheca yo mapatay ci Atila, matekop ko Syongnu-Hontian kitakit, oya nikowanan ningra a kitakit cacorocorok sa ko masaniyaro’ay no Lierman o Kopito-tamdaw, Koto-tamdaw, Wangtoer-tamdaw,Lonpati-tamdaw a mikowan tona pala mangata to cecay a so’ot ko mihecaan, oya mikotoday to Syong-tamdaw a Kotopi-tamdaw sa’ayaway patireng to Koto-Hontian kitakit itini, ikor to casorocorok sato kasaniyaro’ no Selafo tayni a mikowan.560 miheca Awaer-tamdaw patireng to Awaer-Kakita’an kitakit itini midemak to paki’icelay a pikowan,orasaka 200 ko kahalafin a mikowan tona apala.
790 miheca, matekop no honti no Falanko-Hontian ci Cali-Tata’angay Honti ko Awaer-Kakita’an kitakit. I sasifo’an no saka 9 sici, oya mikotoday to Falanko-tamdaw a Sa’etipay-Selafo tamdaw patireng to Palaton-Kakita’an kitakit i saka’etipan lilis no Tonaw-’Alo, oya sa Pawciyaliya-Sakacecay Hontian kitakit isakawalian no lilis no Tonaw-’Alo a maro’ a mikowan to Selafo niyaro’ ato kina’osaway a Awaer-tamdaw.
Sasifo’an sici(中 世紀 895-1526)
[mikawit | o yin-se-ma no pisinanot]![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Stephen_I_on_the_throne_%28Chronicon_Pictum_040%29.jpg/220px-Stephen_I_on_the_throne_%28Chronicon_Pictum_040%29.jpg)
O kasafacoan no kitakit no Syongyali itiraay i saka 9 sici satapang, o itiraay i sawaliay a pacarcaray-finawlan o Macaer-tamdaw maforaw nani saka’etipan ‘apilis no Wulaer-tokos ato ingata no Foerka-‘Alo,( 窩瓦
1000 miheca, o kakita’an no Syongyali ci Siesetifen-Sakacecay Honti (
1241miheca tahira i 1242 miheca, pasi’etip milood ci Pato ( 拔都
Awtili Hontian-Kitakit-Aw-Syong Hotian-Kitakit:1526-1918(奧地 利 帝國 -奧 匃帝國
[mikawit | o yin-se-ma no pisinanot]I 1526 miheca, milood ko Awtoman Hontian-Kitakit, matekop ko Mikasalaloma’anay kitakti, lacinowas sa a malitolo, o Aw-Syong Hontian kitakit ‘edengan to pecih no Awtili Hapospaw-Lalomaan a sera(Hapospaw-Syongyali Hontian Kitakit) ko ma’osaway hano Syongyali Hontian kitakit. O punka no Syongyali mirecep to taliyokay a kitakit, tinako o Poaln-Litawan Matatekoay-Kitakit.
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Emperor_Francis_Joseph.jpg/220px-Emperor_Francis_Joseph.jpg)
O polan, Posimiya ato Syongyali misanga’ay to Wisakola-Malekatepay Saopo(1991 miheca malasawad ko pikowan no kyosanto no Polan, Syongyali, Cieko ato Selofako matateko to cecay a lekatep, onian a Wisakola-Malekatepay Saopo ko ngangan)
Ikor no 1969 miheca Lalood no Tata’angay-Torki, Hapospaw-Syongyali Hontian Kitakit pakalowid to Awtoman Hontian-Kitakit, yo makalitoloay a Syongyali palacecayen, pateko han i Awtili Hontian-Kitakit, malokakowanen no Honti a sera.
1848 miheca, mapacekil ko nikeridan ni Kosoto-Layiesin a Naifaloco’ay-Pi’odot Saopo.(1848
1867 miheca, mahayi ko 1867 Aw-Siyong Patatodongan-Halaka, miliyaw a patireng Aw-Siyong Hontian-Kitakit ko Hapospaw-Syongyali Hontian Kitakit ato Awtili Hontian-Kitakit, o honti no Awtili ci Falanciyiefo-Sakacecay (
I tosaay Kalalood no Hekal:1918-1944(兩次 大戰 期間 :1918-1944)
[mikawit | o yin-se-ma no pisinanot]Iikor no Sakacecay-Lalood no Hekal matepek ko Aw-Siyong Hontian-Kitakit, misiiked ko Siyongyali, patireng to Sakacecay Kapolongan-Kitakit.1919 miheca saka 3 folad saka 21 romi’ad, mihakeno to saikpray a sowal no Kakaketonan-Kitakit, onian ko sapifelih no kyosanto to Sakacecay-Kapolongan Kitakit, patokeled sa milekal to pipatireng to Siyongyali Sowiay-Kapolongan kitakit, midemak to pakoyocay-tekedan a pikowan. Ona sifo ‘edengan sepat a folaf ko pisa’icel a mihedefong to hano kitakit ko polong a katayalan, mi’afas to kinko, paci’eci a miala to kaka’enen, mipeleng to kiyokay, mapalit ko pinapina a so'ot a tamdaw, ilaloma' nona mapalitay ira ko papaysoay a matedal, ira ko mipatayan, o polong no Siyongyali samatiya sato o awaay ko sifo a mikowan, makilomot heca no Romaniya, Ciyeko-Selofako ato Katimolay-Selafo Hontian kitakit; saka 8 folad, awa to ko lalan no kiyosanto a sifo, mapaco’ay heca no kalotamdaw, maomahay ato matayalay, roma soto i, o kakeridan a mapolong sahetoay o Yotaya-tamdaw, tongal sa ko katelii’ no finawlan, matatanga’ay to ira ko laloma’an-lalood no Rosiya cato ka pakaliwa to rawraw no Siyongyali, saikoray to i tepek saot kona sifo, itiya micomoday to ko sofitay no Romaniya i Potapis syoto, laheci sato a malasawad ko sifo no kiyosanto, ono finawlan a saopo to ko maro’ay a mikowan to Siyongyali, malalang ko cipaysoay a tamdaw maro’ to kakahaday a sera ato mitatoy to pakinaliay a dafong, o sofitay, o malatapangay ato cipaysoaay a ciomahay tada mana’ay to kiyosanto, orasaka, mihamham to tekedan-pikowan.[17] tona miheca saka 11 folad miliyas ko sofitay no Romaniya, o kakeridan no ‘ayaway riyaran-sofitay ci Hersi micomod i awaay to ko tamdaw a Potapis-Siyoto a mikowan, palolol tono Hontian a Siyongayali kitakit, Hersi mina’ay to ‘ayaway a Honti no Aw-Siyong Hontian tokeled Honti no Siyongyali ci Kaer Sakacecay ato patoleleday Sakasepay a patatikol malahonti, ci Hersi ko patatodongay a mikowan(
Itya ho to pikowan no Hersi o pico’ay to Kahenganay-Katalawan Pikowan midemak to mangalefay a Kohecalay-Katalawan Pikowan, o Sakawananay-Kasafelaw no sofitay mangalefay ko pipenec to kiyosanto, siyakay-kasafelaw ato Yotaya-tamdaw, o sowal ira ko ko pinapina patek a tamdaw to mapaloay a mapatay, pinapina apatek a tamdaw ko mapalitay.[18] mipenec haca to pakinaliay ko pasikawanan a tamdaw, tinako pipenec to Kahengangay-Ciwcika a rekad(
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/1938_Naka_yoshi_sangoku.jpg/220px-1938_Naka_yoshi_sangoku.jpg)
1920 miheca, malowiday a Siyongyali ato Kakaketonan-Kitakit matatilid to “Tayroyanong-Kakaketonan”, mapalasawad ko 72% a sera ato 64 % a tamdaw no Siyongyali. 1938 miheca i Sakacecay-kasasowal i Wiyiena, ira ko pipadang no Naci-Toic ato Italiya Hontian kitakit mapatatiko a mala no Siyongyali ko mamang a sera no Selofako, i 1940 miheca saka 8 folad Sakakinatos-kasasowal i Wiyiena, maala a patatikor ko Saka’amisanTolansiwaniya no Romaniya.
1940 miheca Herti sifo mikapot to Tokodan-Kitakit (
1944 miheca mico’ay to a milood ko Solin to Toic, micomod ko sofitay no Solin i saka’amisan a Tolansiwaniya no Siyongyali. Saka 3 folad yo mafana’ to ko Toic to sapiliyasaw no Siyongyali to Tokodan-Kitakit a masasowal ato Solin tangsol sa a mi’eco ko Toic to Siyongyali, saka10 folad macepet no sofitay no Toic ci Herti i siyoto- Potapiso, o mingataay to Toic a Kahengangay-Ciwcika Kasafelaw ira ko pipadang no Toic a mitatoy to sakowan to Siyongyali, laheci sato a malamikotoday-sifo to Toic ko Siyongyali. Nikawrira, pakalowid to Toic ko sofitay no Solin i kalalood i Potapiso, ha’eming han to a mikowan ko Siyongyali no Solin.
Syakaysyuki a mihecahecaan:1944-1990(社會 主義 時期 :1944-1990)
[mikawit | o yin-se-ma no pisinanot]1944 miheca, ma’eco no Solin ko Syongyali. 1946 miheca, milekal to pisawad to Pailalo’a'an-Pikowan a faco no sieci, patireng to Kapolongan-Kitakit. 1949 miheca malaheci ko pisanga’ Kinpo, mifalic to ngangan no kitakit to Siyongyali Kapolongan-Kitakit. 1949 miheca saka 8 folad saka 20 romi’ad milekal to pipatireng to Siyongyali Kapolongan-Kitakit.
I 1956 miheca mapacekil ko palolol no Siyongyali(1956
Ikor no Ki’etecay-Lalood:1990-2010(後 冷戰 時期 1990-2010)
[mikawit | o yin-se-ma no pisinanot]![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Color_flag_of_1956.jpg/188px-Color_flag_of_1956.jpg)
1989 miheca saka 2 folad saka 1 romi’ad, matatilid to sakalawidang a kakaketonan ato Hankuo, onini i, o sa’ayway no Saka’etipay-Kitakit matatilid to sakalawidang a kakaketonan ato Hankuo, toikor tatootor sato ko Siyakaysyki-Kitakit a matatilid to sakalawidang kakaketonan. Tona miheca saka 10 folad saka 23 romi’ad, matatodong to saka 33 mihecaan a pikiningan to Sakamo’etep-folad a Rawraw, mifalic to ngangan no kitakit to “Siyongyali-Kapolongan Kitakit”, patokeled sa a misawad to Siyakaysyuki faco, mipalasawad to Cecaay-kasafelaw no Sieci, salof han to koya telangay a kinpo patatodong to sa’eli no finawlan. 1990 miheca, oya mitokeray a kasafelaw no sieci pakalowid to sakakinacecay a sinkiw no Lomaocan-nokitakti ko Adihayay a kasafelaw no sieci, o sa’ayaway a kacacorok no kasafelaw no sieci a pikowan to kitakit. 1994 miheca, oya Siyongyali Siyakay-Matayalay Kasafelaw no Sieci mafalic mala Siyongyali-Siyakay Kasafelaw, pakaala to adihayay a kiing, milyaw heca mikowan to kitakit.
1998 miheca, o kakeridan no Kawananay-Kasafelaw Kapahay-nikifinawlan a Matatekoay Saopo-Siyaongyali-Finawlan Matatekoay ci Awpan-Wikoto malacongli. 2002 miheca malowid co singkiw ci Awpan-Wikoto, o Kawiliay-Kasafelaw a Siyakay-tang to ko mikowanay to kitakit, mapolong ato Paifaloco’ay-Kapolongan Kasafelaw ato Finawlan-Nikasasowalan Saopo kano toloay a kasafelaw ko matatekoay a mikowan to kitakit.
1999 miheca, mikapot to Saka’amisay Tasiyang-Riyaran a Kakaketonan Lekatep(
2006 miheca saka 4 folad saka 9 romi’ad, sakakinacecay a riyad no pitopa to sinkiw to kiing a sinkiw, Kawiliay-Kasafelaw a Siyakay-tow to ko mikowanay to kitakit, mapolong ato Paifaloco’ay-Kapolongan Kasafelaw ato Finawlan-Nikasasowalan Saopo kano toloay a kasafelaw ko matatekoay a mikowan to kitakit.28 i saka 4 foald saka 23 romi’ad, i sakatosa a pitopa to kiing, pakaala ko Siyakay-Tang to 186 a kiing i 386 a kiing, Kapah-Matatekoay pakaala to 164 kiing, Paifaloco’ay-Tateko pakaala to 18 kiing, o Finawlan-Nikasasowalan Saopo pakaala to 11 kiing, o ‘osaw to i, o roma a kasafelaw ko cikilacay.[19] saka 6 folaf saka 9 romi’ad satapang ko tayal i sifo ko nikeridan ni Ciwerciyani-Fironci congli a roma a tapang no sifo, matateko ko Siyakay-Tow ato Paifaloco’ay-Kapolongan Kasafelaw ko matatekoay pararid a matayal to demak no sifo.[20]
2008 miheca misawad ko Paifaloco’ay-Kapolongan Kasafelaw tona matatekoay-sifo, cango’ot to ko kiing no Siyakay-Tow, cirawraw heca ilaloma’an no Siyakay-Tow, matongal ho no Fokafok no Pakipaysoay mapacekil ko katarawan no sak’orip, orasaka, makeror ko micokeray tona sifo.
Awpan a mihecahecaan:2010 tahanini(奧 班 時期 :2010至 今 )
[mikawit | o yin-se-ma no pisinanot]![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80_%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BD_%2818-01-2022%29.jpg/220px-%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80_%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BD_%2818-01-2022%29.jpg)
I 2010 mihecaan a sinkiw no Lomaocan no kitakit, sakahadefekan saan ko mikowanany yo kitakit a Siyakay-Tang, ‘edengan 19.3% ko maalaay a satopa, o cowa ka tayal tono sifo a demak a Kawananay So’elinay-Finawlan Tang ato Kapah-Finawlan Matatekoay-Kasafelaw-Siyongyali-Matatekoay pakaala to tosa no kalitolo no satopa, ma’edengay to sacecay sa a misalof to kinpo to sapitatoyayaw to sapikowan a salongoc. O Pasikawanan-Tang sa’ayaway anini pakaala to 16.7% a satopa mangengay a mikapot to Lomaocan no kitakit. Saka 5 folad saka 14 romi’ad, congtong no Siyongyali ci Sawyiemo-Laslo toro’en ningra ko kakeridan no Kapah-Finawlan Matatekoay Kasafelaw ci Awpan-Wikoto malacongli no fa’ehelohay sifo. Saka 5 folad saka 29 romi’ad ira ko 261 a kiing to mihayiay to kalacongli ningra, ira ho ko 107 kiing micowa ka pihayi, ira ko 18 kiing cowa ka pikapot to pahyi a pitopa to congli, i 386 kiing oya pakaalaay to saadihayay a satopa ci Awpan-Wikoto ko malaheciay a malacongli.
Tona sakatosa a katayal ni Awpan to demak no sifo, mifalah toya katelangay a Finawlan-Faco a sieci, patireng to so’elinay a Tekaedan-Pikowan (
2011 miheca saka 4 folad saka 18 romi’ad, o Kalomaocan-Nokitakit ira ko 262 satopa ko mihayiay, 44 satopa ko mina’ayay malaheci a misanga’ ko “Tatapangan-Rikec” sanay a kinpo, mapalahedaw koya 1949 miheca a kinpo, oya fa’elohay a kinpo mapasadak i 2012 miheca saka 1 folad saka 1 romi’ad, falicen ko ngangan no kitakit to “Siyongyali”. Tona miheca mifalic to faco no sinkiw,oya kinatosay a mitopa a sinkiw mafalic to cecay-etal tosa ko satopa a faco(
2014 miheca saka 4 folad saka 6 romi’ad, misinkiw to sakakinapito ko Siyongyali, o fa’elohay a faco no sinkiw, orasaka, pakaala ho to tosa no kalitolo(133 kiing) ko Kapah-Finawlan Matatekoay Kasafelaw kinatolo a malacongli ci Awpan.
2018 miheca saka 3 folad ira ko pipasadak no Pisman-Kikingkay no Toic, mingataay to Tekedan-Pikowan ko Siyongyali saan.[22]
2018 miheca saka 4 folad saka 9 romi’ad, misinkiw to sakafalo ko Siyongyali, pakaala heca ko Kapah-Finawlan Matatekoay Kasafelaw to ikakaay a tosa no kalitolo a satopa(134 kiing) sakakinasepat a malacongli ci Awpan.
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/DonauknieVisegrad.jpg/220px-DonauknieVisegrad.jpg)
Kaitiraan(地理 )
[mikawit | o yin-se-ma no pisinanot]Sahetoay itira i Koerpacin-Fodawan dafdaf ko kaitiraan no Siyongyali, isaka’amisan malalaed ato Selogsko yo taporo ato tokos. Makalitosay no Tonaw-’Alo ko sera no Siyongyali, oroma a ‘alo ira ko Tisa-’alo ato Tolawa-’alo, isaka’etipan ira ko Palaton-fanaw, o sakakaay kona fanaw itini i Yoropa, o skakaay a fa’edetay-nanom(onsin) Hewici-fanaw itiniay i Siyongyali. O tatapangan-tokay(syoto) Potapis o falatfatay a odo’ no Tonaw-’alo hananay a pangangan.
Kakarayan(氣候 )
[mikawit | o yin-se-ma no pisinanot]Itiraay i Saka’amisan-Pecih no cikiw ko kaitiraan no Siyongyali, o kahiceraan no Fala'efaay-Karopawan kakarayan, Fala’efaay-Riyaran kakarayanato Sifoay-Riyar kakarayan itini, ikakaay ko pisiwar no Karopaway-Kakarayan, o Fala’efaay-Karopawan Kakarayan. Tata’angay ko kafalic no romi’ad no Siyongyali, orasaka, tata’ang ko kafalic no fa’edet, lalen no cecay a miheca itiraay i 10.8 ℃. Ikaciferangan to sakapito folad ato sakafolo folad o lalen no fa’edet ira ko 21.7℃. iksi’enawan ikakaay ko kaki’etec ila’eno to -1.2℃.To cecay a cicidalay a romi’ad ira ko 2038 ko romi’ad, isakatimolan ikakaay ko kacicidalan.
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Panorama-budapeszt2.jpg/220px-Panorama-budapeszt2.jpg)
Saka’orip(經濟 )
[mikawit | o yin-se-ma no pisinanot]Tada manikaway to kinaira no palak on kitakit, o skakaay a nikarkaran a tadafokeloh o fadito(鋁土礦; Ikiris a sowal:Bauxite), ikemoday no sera a fadito o sakatolo rayray itini Yoropa. Ira ko tosa no kalitolo a pala nona kitakit ira ko Fa’edetay-Kinaira no pala. O liomah o sakakaay saka’oripa itini, o sakakaay a losay ira ko moki, ‘alilay, malinso ato ko’esanay-dateng. O misanga’ay to dafong ira ko kikay, masongila’ay kikay, o misanga’an-kakaenen ato tinonoy, o fadisoso’ a ‘epah o cinganganay itini I hekal.
Nani 2004 miheca saka 5 folad saka 1 romi’ad mikapot to Yoropa-Lekatep(
Ikor no 2007 miheca, marecep no katalawan-nosaka’orip no hekal, sakkedi’aw sa ko saka’orip no Siyongyali. O sa’osi ira ko kosowal, itini tona katalawan-nosaka’orip wataay ko kasipon no Siyongyali sanay.
O patosokan sapicomodaw i Yoropa-Paysoan Etal(
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Hng2_2.jpg/220px-Hng2_2.jpg)
Tamdaw(人口 )
[mikawit | o yin-se-ma no pisinanot]I 2013 mihecaan a pisa’osi to tamdaw no Siyongyali,ira ko 9,909,000 ko polong a tamdaw, I ikor no Sakatosa-Lalood no hekal wataay ko kafalic no niaro’an sera no Siyongyali, orasak, pakitiraay to finacadan ko kalapecih no sera, ’alomanay ko kasasiromaroma no finacadan itiya ho, na mafalic to ko sera masacecay sato ko finacadan. O Macaer-Finacadan mahaop ko 94%, o Macaer-sowal ko kalosowal(o Siyongyali- sowal). Oroma i,ira ho Romo-finacadan (
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Pearson%2C_Transylvanian_Gipsy_group.png/220px-Pearson%2C_Transylvanian_Gipsy_group.png)
Pitooran (宗教 )
[mikawit | o yin-se-ma no pisinanot]Mahaop ko 77% o mitooray to pitooran, ilaloma’a no nini o misakeristoay ko sakakaay, mahaop ko 99% o miskeristoay (76.4% no tamdaw no Siyongyali), ira ko mitooran to Islam ato Yotay-pitooran. O roma i,cowa pitooran, o cowaka pakaso’elin to kawas ato Cowa ko Kafana’an.
Itini i Siyongyali ikakaay no pecih ko tamdaw no polong no kitakit mitooray to Tinsikiw(54.5%,ira ho ko Sakwaliay-Tinsikiw Kyokay(
Punka(文化 )
[mikawit | o yin-se-ma no pisinanot]O sowal no Siyongyali o Wukaoer-Capa’ a sowal no Wulaer-Finlan Raray-Wukaoer Finacadan,i rayray no sowal itini i hekal o ska 40 a rayray, itini i Yoropa o saka 12 ko rayray.
O Pasifana’ay-Faco toloay ko kasasa’er:wawa tahira 6 ko mihecaan mitilid i no ka’emangay pitilidan(o sakilac 6,8,12 sa’er ko pitlidan). Malepon to konini mikiniyah faloco’an macakat tayra i congsie(4 miheca), o sarocoday mitilid to sowal, o mamatayal a pitlidan(4 miheca) mamatayal sarocodan-pitilidan(3 miheca) ano o nipatongalay pitilidan(2 miheca). 18 ko mihecaan misikin to sapicomod to Tata’angay-Pitilidan(5-6 miheca) ano o Sarocoday-Pitilidan(3-4 miheca).
Pacefaday a tilid(註腳)
[mikawit | o yin-se-ma no pisinanot]- ↑ Globally speaking: motives for adopting English vocabulary in other languages – Google Books. Google Books. [2010-09-20]. (
原始 內容存 檔於2014-07-03). - ↑ Hungary in the Carpathian Basin (PDF). Lajos Gubcsi, PhD. 2017-06-06 [2017-06-06]. (
原始 內容存 檔 (PDF)於2020-03-12). - ↑ Kristó Gyula – Barta János – Gergely Jenő: Magyarország története előidőktől 2000-ig (History of Hungary from the prehistory to 2000), Pannonica Kiadó, Budapest, 2002, ISBN 963-9252-56-5, p. 687, pp. 37, pp. 113 ("Magyarország a 12. század második felére jelentős európai tényezővé, középhatalommá vált"/"By the 12th century Hungary became an important European constituent, became a middle power", "A Nyugat részévé vált Magyarország ... /Hungary became part of the West"), pp. 616–644
- ↑ Austria-Hungary, HISTORICAL EMPIRE, EUROPE. Encyclopædia Britannica. 2017-06-06 [2017-06-06]. (
原始 內容存 檔於2020-12-15). - ↑ Richard C. Frucht. Eastern Europe: An Introduction to the People, Lands, and Culture. ABC-CLIO. 2004-12-31: 360 [2020-12-25]. ISBN 978-1-57607-800-6. (
原始 內容存 檔於2019-12-13). - ↑ Trianon, Treaty of. The Columbia Encyclopedia. 2009 [2020-12-25]. (
原始 內容存 檔於2012-07-01). - ↑ Text of the Treaty, Treaty of Peace Between The Allied and Associated Powers and Hungary And Protocol and Declaration, Signed at Trianon June 4, 1920. [2009-06-10]. (
原始 內容存 檔於2008-12-04). - ↑ Hungary: The Unwilling Satellite
網 際 網 路 檔案館 的 存 檔,存 檔日期 2007-02-16. John F. Montgomery, Hungary: The Unwilling Satellite.http://kapos.hu/hirek/kis_szines/2018-06-16/megerkezett_az_idei_balaton_sound_himnusza.html Devin-Adair Company, New York, 1947. Reprint: Simon Publications, 2002. - ↑ Thomas, The Royal Hungarian Army in World War II, pg. 11
- ↑ 匈牙
利 民主 倒 退 歐 洲 議會 列 為 非 完全 民主 國家 . Rti中央 廣 播電臺 . 2022-09-15 [2022-09-16]. (原始 內容存 檔於2022-09-16) (中 文 (臺灣 )). - ↑ Király, Péter. A magyarok elnevezése a korai európai forrásokban (The Names of the Magyars in Early European Sources) /In: Honfoglalás és nyelvészet ("The Occupation of Our county" and Linguistics)/. Budapest: Balassi Kiadó. 1997: 266 [2020-12-25]. ISBN 978-963-506-108-2. (
原始 內容存 檔於2014-04-13). - ↑ Peter F. Sugar (
編 ). A History of Hungary. Indiana University Press. 1990-11-22: 9 [2020-12-25]. ISBN 978-0-253-20867-5. (原始 內容存 檔於2020-10-21). - ↑ György Balázs, Károly Szelényi, The Magyars: the birth of a European nation (
頁 面 存 檔備份,存 於網際 網 路 檔案館 ), Corvina, 1989, p. 8 - ↑ Alan W. Ertl, Toward an Understanding of Europe: A Political Economic Précis of Continental Integration (
頁 面 存 檔備份,存 於網際 網 路 檔案館 ), Universal-Publishers, 2008, p. 358 - ↑ Z. J. Kosztolnyik, Hungary under the early Árpáds: 890s to 1063 (
頁 面 存 檔備份,存 於網際 網 路 檔案館 ), Eastern European Monographs, 2002, p. 3 - ↑ Uralic etymology : Query result. starling.rinet.ru. [2020-12-25]. (
原始 內容存 檔於2021-10-06 - ↑ Ian Kershew
著 、林 華 譯 .地獄 之 行 :1914-1949.中 信 出版 集團 . 2018年 12月: 142~3. ISBN 978-7-5086-8300-3. - ↑ Ian Kershew
著 、林 華 譯 .地獄 之 行 :1914-1949.中 信 出版 集團 . 2018年 12月: 143. ISBN 978-7-5086-8300-3. - ↑
存 档副本 . [2006-04-24]. (原始 內容存 檔於2014-04-25). - ↑
存 档副本 . [2006-09-19]. (原始 內容存 檔於2014-04-25). - ↑ 纽约时报:
欧 尔班的 系 统是一 个新的 一 党 制 . [2020-04-05]. (原始 內容存 檔於2022-02-03). - ↑
欧 尔班与 匈牙利 的 再 转型. [2020-04-05]. (原始 內容存 檔於2022-02-03). - ↑ Realdeal.hu. [2011-05-28]. (
原始 內容存 檔於2022-02-03). - ↑ 《
牛津 英語 詞 典 》:member of a wandering race (by themselves called Romany), of Indian origin, which first appeared in England about the beginning of the 16th c. - ↑
根據 英國 法律 《Caravan Sites and Control of Development Act 1960》定義 了 吉 普 賽 人 - ↑ 2011 Hungary Census Report (PDF). [2015-01-06]. (
原始 內容存 檔 (PDF)於2017-11-07). - ↑ Population by religions, 2001 census (English). [2015-01-06]. (
原始 內容存 檔於2010-01-26).