Tamagaki
A tamagaki (
- board fence (
板 玉垣 , ita tamagaki) made of roughly finished thick boards, - unbarked lumber fence (
黒木 の玉垣 , kuroki no tamagaki) made of unpeeled or unstripped boards or logs, - squared timber fence (
角 玉垣 , kaku tamagaki), - squared lattice fence (
角 格子 玉垣 , kakugōshi tamagaki) and diagonal lattice fence (筋 違 格子 玉垣 , sujikaigōshi tamagaki), - vermillion fence (
朱 玉垣 , shutamagaki), - tatehigo tamagaki (
竪 籤 玉垣 ) made of vertically set thin strips of bamboo or wood, - see-through fence (
透 垣 , sukashigaki)
The simple fences of ancient and medieval times became more elaborate in pre-modern Japan with the addition of roofs, wainscoting and grilles between posts. An example is the 1636 Tōzai Sukibei (
If the enclosed area is surrounded by multiple fences, generally the innermost one is called mizugaki (
The tamagaki and the traditional torii gate are sometimes replaced by a covered corridor called kairō and a rōmon gate. Originally Buddhist, neither was initially typical of shrines, but in time they often came to play the role of the more traditional tamagaki.[5] A famous example is Iwashimizu Hachiman-gū in Kyoto prefecture. This phenomenon was partly caused by the strong influence of Buddhism on kami worship due to the syncretic fusion of Buddhism and local religion (shinbutsu shūgō).
See also
[edit]Notes
[edit]- ^ An exception is made for the crown prince and princess who, on the occasion of their marriage, can enter the area enclosed by the mizugaki.
References
[edit]- ^ a b c Nobutaka, Inōe (2005-06-02). "Tamagaki". Encyclopedia of Shinto (
β 1.3 ed.). Tokyo: Kokugakuin University. Retrieved 2009-12-01. - ^ "tamagaki". JAANUS - Japanese Architecture and Art Net User System. Retrieved 2009-12-01.
- ^ "mizugaki". JAANUS - Japanese Architecture and Art Net User System. Retrieved 2009-12-01.
- ^ Coaldrake, William Howard (2002) [1996]. Architecture and authority in Japan. London, New York: Routledge. pp. 29–31. ISBN 0-415-05754-X. Retrieved 2009-11-01.
- ^ Fujita Masaya, Koga Shūsaku, ed. (April 10, 1990). Nihon Kenchiku-shi (in Japanese) (September 30, 2008 ed.). Shōwa-dō. p. 31. ISBN 4-8122-9805-9.