俠士

See also: 侠士

Chinese

		knight-errant; chivalrous; heroic	scholar; warrior; knight
trad. (俠士)		俠	士し
simp. (侠士)		侠	士し

Etymology

Attested earliest in Book of Jin:

• 當世とうせい俠士莫不歸き之これ。 [Literary Chinese, trad.]

  ---

  当世とうせい侠士莫不归之これ。 [Literary Chinese, simp.]

  From: 648 CE, Fang Xuanling (lead editor), Book of Jin

  Dāngshì xiáshì mòbù guī zhī. [Pinyin]

  Knights-errant of the time, there was none who did not submit to him.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): xiáshì

  (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄚˊ ㄕˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): hap⁶ si⁶ / haap⁶ si⁶

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: xiáshì
    • Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄚˊ ㄕˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: siáshìh
    • Wade–Giles: hsia²-shih⁴
    • Yale: syá-shr̀
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shyashyh
    • Palladius: сяши (sjaši)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕi̯ä³⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: hap⁶ si⁶ / haap⁶ si⁶
    • Yale: hahp sih / haahp sih
    • Cantonese Pinyin: hap⁹ si⁶ / haap⁹ si⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: heb⁶ xi⁶ / hab⁶ xi⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hɐp̚² siː²²/, /haːp̚² siː²²/

---

• Middle Chinese: hep dzriX

Rime
Character	俠	士し
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲こえ)	匣くしげ (33)	崇たかし (20)
Final (韻いん)	怗 (158)	之これ (19)
Tone (調しらべ)	Checked (Ø)	Rising (X)
Openness (開ひらき合あい)	Open	Open
Division (等ひとし)	IV	III
Fanqie	胡えびす頰切きり	鉏里さと切きり
Baxter	hep	dzriX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦep̚/	/d͡ʒɨX/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦep̚/	/ɖ͡ʐɨX/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣɛp̚/	/d͡ʒieX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦɛp̚/	/ɖ͡ʐɨX/
Li Rong	/ɣep̚/	/d͡ʒiəX/
Wang Li	/ɣiep̚/	/d͡ʒĭəX/
Bernard Karlgren	/ɣiep̚/	/ɖ͡ʐʱiX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	xié	zhì
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jip6	zi6

Noun

俠士

1. knight-errant

Synonyms

• 豪ごう俠／豪ごう侠 (háoxiá)
• 劍けん俠／剑侠 (jiànxiá)
• 武たけ俠／武たけ侠 (wǔxiá)
• 俠客／侠客きょうかく (xiákè)
• 游ゆう俠／游ゆう侠 (yóuxiá)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (俠士):

• → Vietnamese: hiệp sĩ (俠士)