沙汰さた

Chinese

		granule; hoarse; raspy granule; hoarse; raspy; sand; powder; tsar	to discard; to eliminate; too
simp. and trad. (沙汰さた)		沙すな	汰

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): shātài

  (Zhuyin): ㄕㄚ ㄊㄞˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): saa¹ taai³

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: shātài
    • Zhuyin: ㄕㄚ ㄊㄞˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: shatài
    • Wade–Giles: sha¹-tʻai⁴
    • Yale: shā-tài
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shatay
    • Palladius: шатай (šataj)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʂä⁵⁵ tʰaɪ̯⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: saa¹ taai³
    • Yale: sā taai
    • Cantonese Pinyin: saa¹ taai³
    • Guangdong Romanization: sa¹ tai³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /saː⁵⁵ tʰaːi̯³³/

Verb

沙汰さた

1. (archaic) to do away with; to abolish

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (沙汰さた):

• → Japanese: 沙汰さた(さた) (sata)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
沙すな	汰
さ Grade: S	た Grade: S
kan'on	kan'yōon

Etymology

From Old Japanese, in turn from Middle Chinese 沙汰さた (MC srae|sraeH thajH, literally “sand + washing”). Originally referred to "washing away" (汰 (tài)) "sand" (沙すな) from something desirable.

First cited in Japanese to a text from 786.

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) さた [sàtáꜜ] (Odaka – [2])
• (Tokyo) さた [sáꜜtà] (Atamadaka – [1])
• IPA^(key): [sa̠ta̠]

Noun

沙すな(さ)汰(た) • (sata) 

1. washing away sand to obtain something desirable, such as gold dust or rice
2. by extension, a fine-grained or careful sorting out or selection of something or someone
3. deliberation of an issue and arriving at an appropriate outcome:
   1. the proper disposal or treatment of an issue
   2. a court case, a lawsuit, a trial
   3. a public affair, something in the court of public opinion
4. a transmission of information:
   1. an instruction or order
   2. a notification
   3. a reputation
   4. a rumor
   5. an action, event, or matter worth talking about: how things shake out
5. (in compounds) incident

   警察けいさつ(けいさつ)沙汰さた(ざた)

   keisatsu-zata

   an incident in which one has called the police

   暴力ぼうりょく(ぼうりょく)沙汰さた(ざた)

   bōryoku-zata

   violent incident

Synonyms

• (careful selection): 淘よなげ(とう)汰(た) (tōta)
• (discussion, deliberation): 検討けんとう(けんとう) (kentō), 論ろん(ろん)議ぎ(ぎ) (rongi), 評ひょう(ひょう)議ぎ(ぎ) (hyōgi)
• (court case): 裁判さいばん(さいばん) (saiban)
• (lawsuit): 訴(そ)訟(しょう) (soshō)
• (public affair): 公おおやけ(おおやけ)事こと(ごと) (ōyakegoto)
• (instruction): 指ゆび(さし)図ず(ず) (sashizu)
• (order): 指ゆび(し)令れい(れい) (shirei), 命令めいれい(めいれい) (meirei)
• (notification): 報ほう(ほう)知ち(ち) (hōchi), 通つう(つう)知ち(ち) (tsūchi), 便びん(たよ)り (tayori), 知ち(し)らせ (shirase)
• (reputation): 評ひょう(ひょう)判はん(ばん) (hyōban)
• (rumor): 噂うわさ(うわさ) (uwasa)
• (action): 行くだり(こう)為ため(い) (kōi)
• (event, matter): 事柄ことがら(ことがら) (kotogara)

Derived terms

• 無沙汰ぶさた(ぶさた) (busata)
  • ご無沙汰ぶさた(ぶさた) (go-busata)
    • ご無沙汰ぶさた(ぶさた)しております (go-busata shite orimasu)
• 正ただし(しょう)気き(き)の沙汰さた(さた)でない (shōki no sata de nai)

Verb

沙すな(さ)汰(た)する • (sata suru) suru (stem 沙すな(さ)汰(た)し (sata shi), past 沙すな(さ)汰(た)した (sata shita))

1. to wash away sand to obtain something desirable, such as gold dust or rice
2. by extension, to carefully sort out or select something or someone
3. to deliberate on an issue and arrive at an appropriate outcome
4. to transmit information:
   1. to give an instruction or order
   2. to notify
   3. to gossip, to spread rumors

Conjugation

Conjugation of "沙汰さたする" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	沙汰さたし	さたし	sata shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	沙汰さたし	さたし	sata shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	沙汰さたする	さたする	sata suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	沙汰さたする	さたする	sata suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	沙汰さたすれ	さたすれ	sata sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	沙汰さたせよ¹ 沙汰さたしろ²	さたせよ¹ さたしろ²	sata seyo¹ sata shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	沙汰さたされる	さたされる	sata sareru
Causative	沙汰さたさせる 沙汰さたさす	さたさせる さたさす	sata saseru sata sasu
Potential	沙汰さたできる	さたできる	sata dekiru
Volitional	沙汰さたしよう	さたしよう	sata shiyō
Negative	沙汰さたしない	さたしない	sata shinai
Negative continuative	沙汰さたせず	さたせず	sata sezu
Formal	沙汰さたします	さたします	sata shimasu
Perfective	沙汰さたした	さたした	sata shita
Conjunctive	沙汰さたして	さたして	sata shite
Hypothetical conditional	沙汰さたすれば	さたすれば	sata sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative

Synonyms

• (to select carefully): 淘よなげ(とう)汰(た) (tōta)
• (to discuss, to deliberate): 検討けんとう(けんとう) (kentō), 論ろん(ろん)議ぎ(ぎ) (rongi), 評ひょう(ひょう)議ぎ(ぎ) (hyōgi)
• (to give an instruction): 指ゆび(さし)図ず(ず) (sashizu)
• (to give an order): 指ゆび(し)令れい(れい) (shirei), 命令めいれい(めいれい) (meirei)
• (to notify): 報ほう(ほう)知ち(ち) (hōchi), 通つう(つう)知ち(ち) (tsūchi), 便びん(たよ)り (tayori), 知ち(し)らせ (shirase)
• (to gossip): 噂うわさ(うわさ) (uwasa)