沙すな

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沙すな U+6C99, 沙
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6C99
← 沘
[U+6C98] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 沚 →
[U+6C9A]

Translingual[edit]

Han character[edit]

沙すな (Kangxi radical 85, 水みず+4, 7 strokes, cangjie input 水火すいか竹ちく (EFH), four-corner 39120, composition ⿰氵少すくな)

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 611, character 21
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17212
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1005, character 3
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1562, character 9
  • Unihan data for U+6C99

Chinese[edit]

simp. and trad.
 沙すな
Wikipedia has articles on:
放ひ大だい顯示けんじ的てき沙子いさご，本ほん為ため一いち平方へいほう釐米

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character 沙すな
Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Bronze inscriptions Small seal script
Characters in the same phonetic series (沙すな) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
硰 *ʔsaːlʔ, *sʰaːlʔ, *sraːl
娑しゃば *saːl, *saːlʔ
挱 *saːl, *sraːl
挲 *saːl
桫 *saːl
渻 *saːl, *sreŋʔ, *seŋʔ
沙すな *sraːl, *sraːls
紗しゃ *sraːl
砂すな *sraːl
鯊はぜ *sraːl
裟 *sraːl
桬 *sraːl
髿 *sraːl, *soːl
魦 *sraːl, *soːl
莎 *soːl
莏 *soːl

Ideogrammic compound (會意かいい／会意かいい) : 水みず (“water”) + 少すくな (“to lack; to be short of”).

Etymology 1[edit]

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *(s/z)a-j (“earth, sand”). Compare Tibetan ས (sa, “sand”) and Burmese သဲ (sai:, “sand”).

Pronunciation 1[edit]

Note:
  • suói - vernacular;
  • sá - literary.
Note:
  • săi - vernacular;
  • să - literary.
Note:
  • soa, se - vernacular;
  • sa/see - literary.
Note:
  • sua1 - vernacular;
  • sa1 - literary.
  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 沙すな
Mandarin Beijing /ʂa⁵⁵/
Harbin /ʂa⁴⁴/
Tianjin /sɑ²¹/
Jinan /ʂa²¹³/
Qingdao /ʂa²¹³/
Zhengzhou /ʂa²⁴/
Xi'an /sa²¹/
Xining /sa⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /ʂa⁴⁴/
Lanzhou /ʂa³¹/
Ürümqi /sa⁴⁴/
Wuhan /sa²¹³/
Chengdu /sa⁵⁵/
Guiyang /sa⁵⁵/
Kunming /ʂa̠⁴⁴/
Nanjing /ʂɑ³¹/
Hefei /ʂa²¹/
Jin Taiyuan /sa¹¹/
Pingyao /sɑ¹³/
Hohhot /sa³¹/
Wu Shanghai /so⁵³/
Suzhou /so⁵⁵/
Hangzhou /sɑ³³/
Wenzhou /so³³/
Hui Shexian /sa³¹/
Tunxi /sɔ¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /sa³³/
Xiangtan /dɒ³³/
Gan Nanchang /sɑ⁴²/
Hakka Meixian /sa⁴⁴/
Taoyuan /sɑ²⁴/
Cantonese Guangzhou /sa⁵³/
Nanning /sa⁵⁵/
Hong Kong /sa⁵⁵/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /sa⁵⁵/
/sua⁵⁵/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /sa⁴⁴/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /suɛ⁵⁴/
/sa⁵⁴/
Shantou (Teochew) /sua³³/
Haikou (Hainanese) /sa²³/
/tua²³/
Rime
Character 沙すな 沙すな
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Initial (聲こえ) 生せい (21) 生せい (21)
Final (韻いん) 麻あさ (98) 麻あさ (98)
Tone (調しらべ) Level (Ø) Departing (H)
Openness (開ひらき合あい) Open Open
Division (等ひとし) II II
Fanqie 所ところ加か切きり 所ところ嫁よめ切きり
Baxter srae sraeH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/ʃˠa/ /ʃˠaH/
Pan
Wuyun 		/ʃᵚa/ /ʃᵚaH/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ʃa/ /ʃaH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/ʂaɨ/ /ʂaɨH/
Li
Rong 		/ʃa/ /ʃaH/
Wang
Li 		/ʃa/ /ʃaH/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/ʂa/ /ʂaH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		shā shà
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		saa1 saa3
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 沙すな
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		shā
Middle
Chinese 		‹ sræ ›
Old
Chinese 		/*sˁraj/
English sand

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 沙すな 沙すな
Reading # 1/2 2/2
No. 11025 11035
Phonetic
component 		沙すな 沙すな
Rime
group 		歌うた 歌うた
Rime
subdivision 		1 1
Corresponding
MC rime 		鯊はぜ 嗄しゃがれ
Old
Chinese 		/*sraːl/ /*sraːls/
Definitions[edit]

沙すな

  1. sand
    泥どろ沙すな  ―  níshā  ―  silt
    沙すな漠ばく  ―  shāmò  ―  desert
  2. (usually used in place names) shoal
  3. something granular
    豆まめ沙すな  ―  dòushā  ―  red bean paste
  4. mushy and rough (as sand), texture of a watermelon of good quality.
    沙すな瓤  ―  shāráng  ―  mushy watermelon pulp, Refers to the watermelon when the flesh becomes loose and fine-grained
    沙すな梨なし  ―  shālí  ―  Pyrus pyrifolia
    西にし沙すな瓜ふり  ―  xīshāguā  ―  alternative of 硒砂すな瓜ふり (xī shā guā)
  5. (of a voice) hoarse; husky
    沙すな啞／沙すな哑  ―  shāyǎ  ―  hoarse
    叫さけべ到いた把わ聲こえ沙すな嗮 [Cantonese, trad.]
    叫さけべ到いた把わ声こえ沙すな嗮 [Cantonese, simp.]
    giu3 dou3 baa2 seng1 saa1 saai3 [Jyutping]
    shout so much that one's voice is all hoarse
  6. (Buddhism) the number 10-8
  7. Short for 沙すな皇すめらぎ (shāhuáng).
    沙すな俄にわか  ―  Shā'é  ―  Russian Empire
  8. (Malaysia, Singapore) Short for 沙すな巴ともえ (Shābā, “Sabah”).
  9. (Mainland China) Short for 沙すな特とく阿おもね拉ひしげ伯はく (Shātè Ālābó, “Saudi Arabia”).
  10. (Hong Kong) Short for 沙すな田た (shātián, “Sha Tin”).
  11. a surname
Synonyms[edit]
  • (sand):
Dialectal synonyms of 沙子いさご (“sand”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 沙すな
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 沙すな粒つぶ, 沙すな礫つぶて
Mandarin Beijing 沙子いさご
Taiwan 沙子いさご
Xianxian (Xiaoying) 沙子いさご
Harbin 沙子いさご
Wuchang (Yingchengzi) 沙子いさご
Yantai (Muping) 沙すな
Jinan 沙子いさご
Wanrong 沙すな
Xi'an 沙子いさご
Dingbian 沙子いさご
Yinchuan 沙子いさご
Xining 沙子いさご
Ürümqi 沙子いさご
Wuhan 沙すな
Chengdu 沙子いさご, 沙すな, 河かわ沙すな
Guiyang 沙すな
Guilin 沙子いさご
Guilin (Lingui) 沙子いさご
Liuzhou 沙子いさご
Liuzhou (Luorong) 沙子いさご
Nanning (Wuming) 沙子いさご, 沙すな, 河かわ沙すな
Yizhou 沙子いさご
Luocheng (Dongmen) 沙子いさご
Tianlin (Langping) 沙子いさご
Xuzhou 沙子いさご
Yangzhou 沙子いさご
Nanjing 沙子いさご
Hefei 沙子いさご
Qimen (Anling Junhua) 沙子いさご
Dagudi (Maliba) 沙子いさご
Reshuitang (Longling) 沙子いさご
Mae Salong (Lancang) 沙子いさご
Mae Sai (Tengchong) 沙子いさご
Oudomxay 沙すな
Pematangsiantar 泥沙でいさ
Olginsky (Mikhaylovka) 沙子いさご
Cantonese Guangzhou 沙すな
Hong Kong 沙すな
Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) 沙すな, 泥沙でいさ
Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) 沙すな
Hong Kong (Ting Kok) 沙すな公こう
Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) 沙すな公こう
Macau 沙すな
Guangzhou (Panyu) 沙すな
Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) 沙すな
Guangzhou (Conghua) 沙すな
Guangzhou (Zengcheng) 沙すな
Foshan 沙すな
Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) 沙すな
Foshan (Shunde) 沙すな
Foshan (Sanshui) 沙すな
Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) 沙すな
Zhongshan (Shiqi) 沙すな
Zhuhai (Qianshan) 沙すな
Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka) 沙すな
Zhuhai (Doumen) 沙すな
Jiangmen (Baisha) 沙すな
Jiangmen (Xinhui) 沙すな
Taishan 沙すな
Taishan (Guanghai) 沙すな
Kaiping (Chikan) 沙すな
Enping (Niujiang) 沙すな
Heshan (Yayao) 沙すな
Dongguan 沙すな
Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) 沙すな
Yangjiang 沙すな
Nanning 沙すな
Yulin 沙すな
Guiping 沙すな
Guiping (Jintian) 沙すな
Guiping (Jiangkou) 沙すな
Guiping (Madong) 沙すな
Mengshan (Xihe) 沙すな
Guigang (Nanjiang) 沙すな
Beiliu (Tangliao) 沙すな
Baise 沙すな
Bobai 沙すな
Lingshan 沙すな
Pubei 沙すな
Qinzhou 沙すな
Qinzhou (Changtan) 沙子いさご
Qinzhou (Xiniujiao) 沙すな
Beihai 沙すな, 沙子いさご, 泥沙でいさ
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) 沙すな
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) 沙すな
Ningming 沙すな
Hengzhou 沙すな
Hezhou (Pumen) 沙すな
Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) 沙すな
Chongzuo (Laituan) 沙すな
Fusui (Qujiu) 沙すな
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 沙すな
Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) 沙すな
Móng Cái 沙すな
Mandalay (Taishan) 沙すな
Gan Nanchang 沙子いさご, 沙すな
Pengze 沙子いさご
Lichuan 沙子いさご, 沙すな
Pingxiang 沙子いさご
Hakka Meixian 沙すな仔こ, 沙すな
Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) 泥沙でいさ
Dongguan (Qingxi) 沙すな
Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 沙すな
Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 沙すな公こう
Conghua (Lütian) 沙すな
Yudu 沙子いさご
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 沙すな仔こ
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 沙すな仔こ
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 沙すな仔こ
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 沙すな
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 沙すな仔こ, 沙すな
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 沙すな
Hong Kong 沙すな公こう
Beiliu (Tang'an) 沙すな
Beiliu (Gonghe, Xilang) 沙すな, 沙すな公こう
Xingye (Gaofeng) 沙すな
Mashan (Pianlian) 沙すな
Guilin (Xiaojiang, Lingui) 沙子いさご
Lipu (Shuangduitun) 沙すな
Pingle (Tong'an) 沙すな公こう, 沙子いさご
Yangshuo (Jinbao) 沙子いさご
Senai (Huiyang) 沙すな
Huizhou Jixi 沙すな
Qimen (Anling Minhua) 沙すな
Jin Taiyuan 沙子いさご
Xinzhou 沙子いさご
Northern Min Jian'ou 沙すな
Pucheng (Shibei) 沙すな
Eastern Min Fuzhou 沙すな
Gutian 沙すな
Southern Min Xiamen 沙すな
Quanzhou 沙すな
Zhangzhou 沙すな
Manila (Hokkien) 沙すな
Pingnan (Shangdu) 沙すな
Pingnan (Pingtian) 沙すな
Guiping (Xiaowen) 沙すな
Guiping (Dongsheng) 沙すな
Guilin (Biyange) 沙すな塗ぬり
Chaozhou 沙すな
Jieyang 沙すな
Bangkok (Teochew) 沙すな
Haikou 沙すな, 塗ぬり沙すな
Central Min Yanping (Wangtai) 沙すな
Zhongshan Min Shaxi (Longdu) 塗ぬり沙すな, 沙すな
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 沙すな
Nanning (Shajing) 沙すな
Nanning (Gejiayuan) 沙すな
Nanning (Zhegulu) 沙すな
Nanning (Silian) 沙すな
Nanning (Xiuxiang) 沙子いさご
Binyang 沙子いさご
Chongzuo (Laituan) 沙すな
Northern Pinghua Guilin (Chaoyang) 沙子いさご
Guilin (Zhuyuan) 沙子いさご
Guilin (Wutong, Lingui) 沙すな, 沙子いさご
Guilin (Liutang, Lingui) 沙子いさご
Lingchuan (Sanjie) 沙すな哩まいる
Lingchuan (Tanxia) 沙すな
Lingchuan (Shuangzhou) 沙すな哩まいる
Guanyang (Guanyinge) 沙子いさご
Yangshuo (Jima) 沙子いさご
Liucheng (Yangmei) 沙すな
Luocheng (Niubi) 沙すな
Waxiang Guzhang (Gaofeng) 沙子いさご
Yuanling (Shaojiwan) 沙子いさご
Luxi (Liangjiatan) 沙子いさご
Chengbu (Xuntou) 沙子いさご
Wu Shanghai (Chongming) 沙すな
Suzhou 沙すな, 河かわ沙すな
Danyang 沙すな
Hangzhou 沙子いさご
Wenzhou 沙すな
Jinhua 沙すな
Xiang Changsha 沙子いさご, 沙すな婆ばば子こ, 沙すな婆ばば
Shuangfeng 沙子いさご
Quanzhou 沙子いさご
Guanyang (Wenshi) 沙子いさご
Compounds[edit]
Descendants[edit]
  • → Proto-Tai: *zwɯəjᴬ

Pronunciation 2[edit]

Definitions[edit]

沙すな

  1. (dialectal) to shake in order to gather impurities to be removed

Pronunciation 3[edit]

Definitions[edit]

沙すな

  1. (alt. form 娑しゃば) to twirl; to whirl
  2. (alt. form 挲) to fondle; to caress
Compounds[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

For pronunciation and definitions of 沙すな – see 砂すな.
(This character is the second-round simplified form of 砂すな).
Notes:

References[edit]

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

沙すな

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

Readings[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

Noun[edit]

沙すな(すな) • (suna) 

  1. sand

Etymology 2[edit]

Noun[edit]

沙すな(いさご) • (isago) 

  1. small rock
  2. sand

Etymology 3[edit]

Noun[edit]

沙すな(さ) or 沙すな(しゃ) • (sa or sha) 

  1. Number of units, 1 of 100 million parts.

Korean[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Middle Chinese 沙すな (MC srae|sraeH). Recorded as Middle Korean 사 (sa) (Yale: sa) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙くんもう字じ會かい / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja[edit]

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

沙すな (eumhun 모래 사 (morae sa))

  1. Hanja form? of 사 (“sand”).
    Synonym: 砂すな (사 (sa))

Compounds[edit]

Compounds

References[edit]

  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際こくさい退すさ溪けい學會がっかい 大邱たいきゅう慶けい北きた支部しぶ) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子でんし字典じてん. [2]

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

沙すな: Hán Nôm readings: sa

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References[edit]

  • Nom Foundation
  • Thiều Chửu : Hán Việt Tự Điển Hà Nội 1942
  • Trần Văn Chánh: Từ Điển Hán Việt NXB Trẻ, Ho Chi Minh Ville, 1999
  • Vũ Văn Kính: Đại Tự Điển Chữ Nôm, NXB Văn Nghệ, Ho Chi Minh Ville
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