남
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나낙낚낛난낝낞 낟날낡낢낣낤낥 낦낧남납낪낫났 낭낮낯낰낱낲낳 | |
끼 ← | → 내 |
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Korean
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]First attested in the Yongbi eocheon'ga (
Pronunciation
[edit]- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [na̠m]
Audio: (file)
- Phonetic hangul: [남]
Romanizations | |
---|---|
Revised Romanization? | nam |
Revised Romanization (translit.)? | nam |
McCune–Reischauer? | nam |
Yale Romanization? | nam |
- South Gyeongsang (Busan) pitch accent: 남의 / 남에 / 남까지
Syllables in red take high pitch. This word always takes high pitch and also heightens the next suffixed syllable, unless it is 에.
Noun
[edit]남 • (nam)
- other person, other people; someone other than the self
- Antonym: 나 (na, “I; me”)
- stranger, someone one does not know
Derived terms
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]Sino-Korean word from
Pronunciation
[edit]- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [na̠m]
Audio: (file)
- Phonetic hangul: [남]
Romanizations | |
---|---|
Revised Romanization? | nam |
Revised Romanization (translit.)? | nam |
McCune–Reischauer? | nam |
Yale Romanization? | nam |
Noun
[edit]- (formal) man, male
- Coordinate term: 여(
女 ) (yeo, “woman; female”)
- Coordinate term: 여(
- Short for 남작(
男爵 ) (namjak, “baron”). - son; used only when counting the number of children
Usage notes
[edit]Korean has a number of words equivalent to English "man" and "woman".
- Sino-Korean 남자 (
男子 , namja, “boy; guy; man”) and 여자 (女子 , yeoja, “girl; woman”) are the most common words, but can have a somewhat informal connotation. - Sino-Korean 남성 (
男性 , namseong, “male; men”) and 여성 (女性 , yeoseong, “female; women”) refer to men and women as groups—though pluralized 남자들 (namja-deul, “the boys; the guys; the men”) and 여자들 (yeoja-deul, “the girls; the women”) is informally more common for this purpose—or to individual adult men and women in formal or polite contexts. - Sino-Korean 여인 (
女人 , yeoin, “woman”) is literary. There is no male counterpart. - The bare Sino-Korean morphemes 남 (
男 , nam, “male”) and 여 (女 , yeo, “female”) is generally used in formal contexts, especially when referring to each gender as a collective but also for male or female individuals in more legalistic contexts. They are commonly written in hanja even when the rest of the text is in pure Hangul script. - Native 사내 (sanae, “man”) and 계집 (gyejip, “woman”) are not as commonly used. 사내 (sanae) often has a connotation of machismo or manliness, while 계집 (gyejip) has become offensive and derogatory.
Note that in Early Modern Korean (1600—c. 1900) and in contemporary Standard North Korean, Sino-Korean 여 (
See also
[edit]Prefix
[edit]Suffix
[edit]- man (who is characterized by this)
Derived terms
[edit]- See the hanja entry at
男 for Sino-Korean compounds of 남 (男 , nam).
Etymology 3
[edit]Sino-Korean word from
Pronunciation
[edit]- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [na̠m]
Audio: (file)
- Phonetic hangul: [남]
Romanizations | |
---|---|
Revised Romanization? | nam |
Revised Romanization (translit.)? | nam |
McCune–Reischauer? | nam |
Yale Romanization? | nam |
Noun
[edit]Coordinate terms
[edit](compass points)
서북( 북서( |
북( |
동북( 북동( |
서( |
![]() |
동( |
서남( 남서( |
남( |
동남( 남동( |
Derived terms
[edit]- See the hanja entry at
南 for Sino-Korean compounds of 남 (南 , nam).
Proper noun
[edit]Usage notes
[edit]In news headlines, this is usually written solely in the hanja form, even in contemporary Korean text otherwise devoid of any Hanja.
Etymology 4
[edit]Modern Korean reading of various Chinese characters, from the Middle Korean reading 남 (Yale: nam).
Syllable
[edit]남 (nam)
Etymology 5
[edit]Modern South Korean reading of various Chinese characters in isolation or as the first element of a compound, which was also true of most dialects (both North and South) in 1945. From Middle Korean 람 (Yale: lam); when preceded by another character in a compound, they retain the original 람 (ram) form.
In the North Korean standard, they are always read as 람 (ram), but this is an artificial imposition intended to standardize Sino-Korean readings, which did not reflect any major dialect's pronunciation in 1945.
Syllable
[edit]남 (nam)
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