thorn
English
[edit]![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Latin_alphabet_%C3%9E%C3%BE.svg/220px-Latin_alphabet_%C3%9E%C3%BE.svg.png)
Etymology
[edit]From Middle English thorn, þorn, from Old English þorn, from Proto-West Germanic *þorn, from Proto-Germanic *þurnaz, from Proto-Indo-European *tr̥nós, from *(s)ter- (“stiff”).
Near cognates include West Frisian toarn, Low German Doorn, Dutch doorn, German Dorn, Danish and Norwegian torn, Swedish torn, törne, Gothic 𐌸𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌽𐌿𐍃 (þaurnus). Further cognates include Old Church Slavonic трънъ (trŭnŭ, “thorn”), Russian тёрн (tjorn), Polish cierń, Kamkata-viri taňi, tai (“thorn”), Sanskrit तृण (tṛ́ṇa, “grass”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]thorn (plural thorns)
- (botany) A sharp protective spine of a plant.
- 1895, J[ohn] W[esley] Powell, chapter I, in Canyons of the Colorado, Meadville, PA: Flood & Vincent; republished as The Exploration of the Colorado River and Its Canyons, New York: Dover, 1961, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 22:
- On the mountains a few junipers and piñons are found, and cactuses, agave, and yuccas, low, fleshy plants with bayonets and thorns.
- Any shrub or small tree that bears thorns, especially a hawthorn.
- the white thorn
- the cockspur thorn
- (figurative) That which pricks or annoys; anything troublesome.
- 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, 2 Corinthians 12:7:
- There was given to me a thorn in the flesh, the messenger of Satan to buffet me.
- 1692–1717, Robert South, Twelve Sermons Preached upon Several Occasions, volumes (please specify |volume=I to VI), London:
- The guilt of empire, all its thorns and cares, / Be only mine.
- A letter of Latin script (capital: Þ, small: þ), borrowed from the futhark; today used only in Icelandic to represent the voiceless dental fricative, but originally used in several early Germanic scripts, including Old English where it represented the dental fricatives that are today written th (Old English did not have phonemic voicing distinctions for fricatives).
- See also Etymology of ye (definite article).
Derived terms
[edit]- bastard umbrella thorn
- blackthorn
- boxthorn
- buckthorn
- buffalo thorn
- camelthorn
- Christ's thorn
- crucifixion thorn
- desert-thorn
- Egyptian thorn
- every rose has a thorn
- every rose has its thorn
- firethorn
- garland thorn
- Glastonbury thorn
- goat's thorn
- hookthorn
- Jerusalem thorn
- Karoo thorn
- knobthorn
- maythorn
- monkey thorn
- Mysore thorn
- no rose without a thorn
- sandthorn
- September thorn
- sweet thorn
- thorn apple
- thorn-apple crystal
- thornback
- thornbill
- thornbird
- thorn broom (Calicotome spp.)
- thornbush
- thorn cluster
- thorn devil (Moloch horridus)
- thornen
- thornery
- thornfish
- thorn forest
- thornhead
- thornhog
- thorn hopper (Centrotus cornutus)
- thorn in one's side
- thorn in someone's side
- thorn in the flesh
- thornless
- thornlet
- thornlike
- thornproof
- thorntail
- Thornton
- thorn tree
- thorn-tree
- thornveld
- thorny
- umbrella thorn
- whitethorn
- yellowthorn
Translations
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- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
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Verb
[edit]thorn (third-person singular simple present thorns, present participle thorning, simple past and past participle thorned)
- To pierce with, or as if with, a thorn (sharp pointed object).
- 1869, Harriet Beecher Stowe, Old Town Folks[1]:
- […] human nature is, above all things, lazy, and needs to be thorned and goaded up those heights where it ought to fly.
- 2003, Scott D. Zachary, Scorn This, page 175:
- Even Judge Bradley's callused sentiments were thorned by the narration of Jaclyn's journals.
Translations
[edit]See also
[edit]Further reading
[edit]thorn on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
Thorns, spines, and prickles on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
Thorn (letter) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
Anagrams
[edit]Middle English
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Old English þorn, from Proto-West Germanic *þorn, from Proto-Germanic *þurnaz, from Proto-Indo-European *tr̥nós.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]thorn (plural thornes)
- A thorn (spine on a plant with a sharp point)
- Thorn or eth (the letter þ and/or ð)
- A plant having thorns, especially the hawthorn or rosebush.
- (rare) Thorns pulled from the ground for burning.
- (rare) A dish incorporating hawthorn.
Derived terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]References
[edit]- “thorn, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2018-09-12.
Old Saxon
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-West Germanic *þornu (“thorn, sloe”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]thorn m
- thorn; thorny bush
Declension
[edit]singular | plural | |
---|---|---|
nominative | thorn | thornos |
accusative | thorn | thornos |
genitive | thornes | thornō |
dative | thorne | thornum |
instrumental | — | — |
Descendants
[edit]- English terms inherited from Middle English
- English terms derived from Middle English
- English terms inherited from Old English
- English terms derived from Old English
- English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic
- English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- English terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- English terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- English 1-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- English terms with audio links
- Rhymes:English/ɔː(ɹ)n
- Rhymes:English/ɔː(ɹ)n/1 syllable
- English lemmas
- English nouns
- English countable nouns
- en:Botany
- English terms with quotations
- English terms with usage examples
- English verbs
- en:Latin letter names
- en:Pome fruits
- en:Runic letter names
- en:Plant anatomy
- Middle English terms inherited from Old English
- Middle English terms derived from Old English
- Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic
- Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Middle English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Middle English terms with IPA pronunciation
- Middle English lemmas
- Middle English nouns
- Middle English terms with rare senses
- enm:Botany
- enm:Foods
- enm:Letter names
- enm:Plants
- enm:Shrubs
- enm:Trees
- enm:Woods
- Old Saxon terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Old Saxon terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Old Saxon terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Old Saxon terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Old Saxon terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic
- Old Saxon terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- Old Saxon terms with IPA pronunciation
- Old Saxon lemmas
- Old Saxon nouns
- Old Saxon masculine nouns
- Old Saxon a-stem nouns