劳工骑士团
Knights of Labor | |
簡稱 | K of L |
---|---|
1869 | |
乌利亚· | |
撤销 | 1949 |
组织 | |
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劳工骑士团(
劳工骑士团由乌利亚·
起源
[编辑]1869
发展
[编辑]1882
劳工骑士团的
鲍德
种族关系
[编辑]劳工骑士团帮
劳工骑士团
历史
衰退
[编辑]1886
1886年 西南 铁路大 罢工
[编辑]1886
天主教 会
[编辑]劳工骑士团
1884
干草 市 场事件
[编辑]19
1886
遗产
[编辑]劳工骑士团为
领导
[编辑]劳工骑士团的领导职位
工 人 骑士团长
[编辑]- 1878
年 :乌利亚·史 密 斯·史 蒂芬斯[22] - 1879
年 :特 伦斯·V·鲍德利 [23] - 1893
年 :詹姆斯·索 维林[23] - 1897
年 :亨 利 ·A·希 克 斯[23] - 1898
年 :约翰·帕森斯[23] - 1900
年 :艾 萨克·D·张伯伦[23] - 1900
年 :西 蒙 ·伯 恩 斯[23] - 1901
年 :亨 利 ·A·希 克 斯[24] - 1902
年 :约翰·海 耶斯
大工 头
[编辑]- 1878
年 :拉 尔夫·博 蒙 特 [25] - 1879
年 :特 伦斯·V·鲍德利 [22] - 1879
年 :理 查德·格 里 菲思[22] - 1882
年 :拉 尔夫博 蒙 特 [25] - 1883
年 :亨 利 ·A·科 芬 - 1884
年 :理 查德·格 里 菲斯 - 1888
年 :莫里斯·L·惠 特 - 1890
年 :休 ·卡瓦诺[25] - 1893
年 :麦 克 ·J·毕晓普 [25] - 1896
年 :托 马斯·麦 奎尔 - 1897
年 :艾 萨克·D·张伯伦 - 1901
年 :阿 瑟·麦 康 奈尔 - 1902
年 :艾 萨克·A·桑 德森 - 1910
年代 :威 廉 A.丹 尼 森
参 见
[编辑]注 释
[编辑]- ^ Gregory S. Kealey and Bryan D. Palmer, Dreaming of What Might Be: The Knights of Labor in Ontario, 1880–1900 (1982); Douglas R. Kennedy, The Knights of Labor in Canada (1956).
- ^ Steven Parfitt, "The First-and-a-half International: The Knights of Labor and the History of International Labour Organization in the Nineteenth Century." Labour History Review 80.2 (2015): 135-167.
- ^ Roark, James L.; Johnson, Michael P.; Furstenburg, Francois; Cline Cohen, Patricia; Hartmann, Susan M.; Stage, Sarah; Igo, Sarah E. Chapter 19 The City and Its Workers: 1870–1900 (Kindle). Combined Volume Value Edition, 8th. Boston, MA: Bedford/St. Martin's. 2020. Kindle Locations 14511-14513. ISBN 978-1319208929. OCLC 1096495503.
- ^ Knights of Labor Facts, information, pictures. encyclopedia.com. [May 14, 2015]. (
原始 内容 存 档于2016-06-21). - ^ 5.0 5.1 Kaufman, Jason. Rise and Fall of a Nation of Joiners. The Knights of Labor Revisited. 2001, 31 (4): 553–579.
- ^ Kemmerer and Wickersham, (1950)
- ^ Voss, Kim. Labor Organization and Class Alliance: Industries, Communities, and the Knights of Labor. Theory and Society. 1988, 17 (3): 329–364 [2023-05-15]. ISSN 0304-2421. (
原始 内容 存 档于2023-03-27). - ^ Case, Theresa A. Blaming Martin Irons: Leadership and Popular Protest in the 1886 Southwest Strike. The Journal of the Gilded Age and Progressive Era. 2009, 8 (1): 51–81 [2023-05-15]. ISSN 1537-7814. (
原始 内容 存 档于2023-03-29). - ^ Whitman, American Reformers, 57.
- ^ Weir, Robert E. A Fragile Alliance: Henry George and the Knights of Labor. The American Journal of Economics and Sociology. October 1997, 56 (4). doi:10.1111/j.1536-7150.1997.tb02653.x.
- ^ Genovese, Frank C. Henry George and Organized Labor: The 19th Century Economist and Social Philosopher Championed Labor's Cause, but Used Its Candidacy for Propaganda. The American Journal of Economics and Sociology. 1991, 50 (1): 113–127 [2023-05-15]. ISSN 0002-9246. JSTOR 3487043. doi:10.1111/j.1536-7150.1991.tb02500.x. (
原始 内容 存 档于2021-11-07). - ^ Hallgrimsdottir, Helga; Benoit, Cecilia. From Wage Slaves to Wage Workers. Cultural Opportunity Structures and the Evolution of the Wage Demands of the Knights of Labor and the American Federation of Labor, 1880-1900. 2007, 85 (3): 1393–1411.
- ^ Parfitt, Steven. Knights Across the Atlantic: The Knights of Labor in Britain and Ireland. Liverpool University Press. : 43.
- ^ Attacks on Chinese Workers, Knights of Labor. 历史频道. [2023-05-15]. (
原始 内容 存 档于2023-05-28) (英 语). - ^ A Radical History of Seattle's International District: A Walking Tour. 2015.
- ^ Craig Storti, Incident at Bitter Creek: The Story of the Rock Springs Chinese Massacre (1990),
- ^ Wheeler, Hoyt. The Future of the American Labor Movement. Cambridge University Press. 2002: 85.
- ^ Theresa A. Case, The Great Southwest Railroad Strike and Free Labor (Texas A&M University Press, 2010); online review
- ^ James Hennesey, American Catholics, Oxford University Press, 1981, page 188.
- ^ Faue, Elizabeth. Rethinking the American Labor Movement. New York: Routledge. 2017: 22-24. ISBN 9780415895835 (
美国 英 语). - ^ Halker, Clark D. For Democracy, Workers, and God. Labor Song-Poems and Labor Protest, 1865-95. Urbana: University of Illinois Press. 1991. ISBN 978-0252017476.
- ^ 22.0 22.1 22.2 McNeill, George E. The Labor Movement: The Problem of To-day (PDF). New York: M. W. Hazen. 1887: 621.
- ^ 23.0 23.1 23.2 23.3 23.4 23.5 Reports of the Industrial Commission on Labor Organizations, Labor Disputes, and Arbitration, and on Railway Labor. Washington DC: Government Printing Office. 1901.
- ^ Labor leader is deposed. New York Times. November 17, 1901.
- ^ 25.0 25.1 25.2 25.3 The Samuel Gompers Papers. University of Illinois Press. 1986. ISBN 9780252033896.
延伸 阅读
[编辑]学 术研究
[编辑]- Birdsall, William C. The Problem of Structure in the Knights of Labor. Industrial and Labor Relations Review. July 1953, 6 (4): 532–546. JSTOR 2518795. doi:10.2307/2518795.
- Blum, Edward J. " 'By the Sweat of Your Brow': The Knights of Labor, the Book of Genesis, and the Christian Spirit of the Gilded Age." Labor: Studies in Working-Class History of the Americas 11.2 (2014): 29–34.
- Browne, Henry J. The Catholic Church and the Knights of Labor. Washington: Catholic University of America Press, 1949.
- Case, Theresa A. The Great Southwest Railroad Strike and Free Labor (Texas A&M University Press, 2010); online review, on 1886
- Cassity, Michael J. Modernization and Social Crisis: The Knights of Labor and a Midwest Community, 1885-1886. Journal of American History. June 1979, 66 (1): 41–61. JSTOR 1894673. doi:10.2307/1894673.
- Commons, John R. et al., History of Labour in the United States: Volume 2, 1860-1896. (4 vol 1918). vol 2
- Conell, Carol, and Kim Voss. "Formal Organization and the Fate of Social Movements: Craft Association and Class Alliance in the Knights of Labor," American Sociological Review Vol. 55, No. 2 (Apr., 1990), pp. 255–269 in JSTOR (页面
存 档备份,存 于互联网档案 馆), focus on steel industry - de Leon, Cedric. "Black from white: How the rights of white and black workers became 'labor' and 'civil' rights after the US civil war." Labor Studies Journal 42.1 (2017): 10–26. online[
永久 失效 連結 ] - Fink, Leon. "The New Labor History and the Powers of Historical Pessimism: Consensus, Hegemony, and the Case of the Knights of Labor," Journal of American History Vol. 75, No. 1 (Jun., 1988), pp. 115–136 in JSTOR (页面
存 档备份,存 于互联网档案 馆), historiography - Fink, Leon. Workingmen's Democracy: The Knights of Labor and American Politics. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1983. online
- Grob, Gerald N. "The Knights of Labor and the Trade Unions, 1878-1886," Journal of Economic History Vol. 18, No. 2 (Jun., 1958), pp. 176–192 in JSTOR (页面
存 档备份,存 于互联网档案 馆) - Hild, Matthew. Greenbackers, Knights of Labor, and Populists: Farmer-Labor Insurgency in the Late-Nineteenth-Century South (U of Georgia Press, 2010).
- Hild, Matthew. "Building the Alabama Labor Movement: Nicholas Byrne Stack and the Knights of Labor." Alabama Review 73.2 (2020): 91–117.
- Hild, Matthew. "The Knights of Labor and the Third-Party Movement in Texas, 1886–1896." Southwestern Historical Quarterly 119.1 (2015): 24–43. online
- Hoffman, Richard C. "Producer co-operatives of the Knights of Labor: seeking worker independence." Labor History (2022): 1–19.
- Kessler, Sidney H. The Organization of Negroes in the Knights of Labor. Journal of Negro History. July 1937, 37 (3): 248–276. JSTOR 2715493. S2CID 149648934. doi:10.2307/2715493.
- Kaufman, Jason. "Rise and Fall of a Nation of Joiners: The Knights of Labor Revisited," Journal of Interdisciplinary History Vol. 31, No. 4 (Spring, 2001), pp. 553–579 in JSTOR (页面
存 档备份,存 于互联网档案 馆) statistical study of competition with other unions and with fraternal societies for members - Kemmerer, Donald L.; Edward D. Wickersham. Reasons for the Growth of the Knights of Labor in 1885-1886. Industrial and Labor Relations Review. January 1950, 3 (2): 213–220. JSTOR 2518830. doi:10.2307/2518830.
- Keohane, Jennifer. " 'Labor is Noble and Holy': Ironic Inclusion and Exclusion in the Knights of Labor, 1885-1890." Rhetoric Review 38.3 (2019): 311–324. online (页面
存 档备份,存 于互联网档案 馆) - Levine, Susan. "Labor's True Woman: Domesticity and Equal Rights in the Knights of Labor," Journal of American History Vol. 70, No. 2 (Sep., 1983), pp. 323–339 in JSTOR (页面
存 档备份,存 于互联网档案 馆) - Levine, Susan. True Women: Carpet Weavers, Industrialization, and Labor Reform in the Gilded Age. Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1984.
- Licht, Walter; Kealey, Gregory; Palmer, Bryan; Fink, Leon. The Knights of Labor Commemorated and Reconsidered: : Dreaming of What Might Be: The Knights of Labor in Ontario, 1880-1900; Workingmen's Democracy: The Knights of Labor and American Politics. Journal of Interdisciplinary History. Summer 1985, 16 (1): 117–123. JSTOR 204327. doi:10.2307/204327.
- Miner, Claudia. The 1886 Convention of the Knights of Labor. Pylon. 1983, 44 (2): 147–159. JSTOR 275026. doi:10.2307/275026.
- McLaurin, Melton Alonza. The Knights of Labor in the South. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1978.
- Phelan, Craig. Grand Master Workman: Terence Powderly and the Knights of Labor (Greenwood, 2000), scholarly biography online edition (页面
存 档备份,存 于互联网档案 馆) - Taussig, Frank W. "The South-Western Strike of 1886." The Quarterly Journal of Economics 1.2 (1887): 184–222; detailed coverage by a leading scholar; online (页面
存 档备份,存 于互联网档案 馆) - Voss, Kim. The Making of American Exceptionalism: The Knights of Labor and Class Formation in the Nineteenth Century. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1994. Sociological study. online (页面
存 档备份,存 于互联网档案 馆) - Ware, Norman J. The Labor Movement in the United States, 1860 - 1895: A Study In Democracy. (1929).
- Weir, Robert E. Beyond Labor's Veil: The Culture of the Knights of Labor. (Pennsylvania State University Press, 1996) online edition (页面
存 档备份,存 于互联网档案 馆) - Weir, Robert E. (1997). A fragile alliance: Henry George and the Knights of Labor[
永久 失效 連結 ]. The American Journal of Economics and Sociology, 56, 421–439. - Weir, Robert E. Knights Unhorsed: Internal Conflict in Gilded Age Social Movement (Wayne State University Press, 2000)
- White, Richard. Railroaded: The Transcontinentals and the Making of Modern America. W. W. Norton & Company. 2011. ISBN 978-0-393-06126-0.
- Wright, Carroll D. "An Historical Sketch of the Knights of Labor," Quarterly Journal of Economics, vol. 1, no. 2 (January 1887), pp. 137–168. in JSTOR
美国 以外
[编辑]- Arvidsson, Stefan The style and mythology of socialism: socialist idealism, 1871-1914. Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge, 2017.
- Kealey, Gregory, and Brian Palmer, Dreaming of What Might Be: The Knights of Labor in Ontario, 1880-1900. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1982.
- Parfitt, Steven. Knights Across the Atlantic: The Knights of Labor in Britain and Ireland (2017) contents (页面
存 档备份,存 于互联网档案 馆) also see online review (页面存 档备份,存 于互联网档案 馆) - Parfitt, Steven. "A nexus between labour movement and labour movement: the Knights of Labor and the financial side of global labour history." Labor History 58.3 (2017): 288–302.
- Parfitt, Steven. "Transnational Borrowings: Scottish Sons of Labour and American Knights of Labor, 1887–1890." Labour History Review 85.2 (2020): 127–157.
- Parfitt, Steven. "The First-and-a-half International: The Knights of Labor and the History of International Labour Organization in the Nineteenth Century." Labour History Review 80.2 (2015): 135–167.
- Parfitt, Steven. "Completing the Order’s History Down Under: The Knights of Labor in Australia." Labour History: A Journal of Labour and Social History 110 (2016): 1–18.
- Parfitt, Steven. "Constructing the Global History of the Knights of Labor." Labor 14.1 (2017): 13–37.
- Pelling, Henry. The Knights of Labor in Britain, 1880-1901. Economic History Review. 1956,. 9 (new series) (2): 313–331. JSTOR 2591749. doi:10.2307/2591749., shows that American workers in the window glass industry set up an English chapter in 1884 to watch the business in Europe; it remained small
- Toth, Gyorgy. "Knights across the Atlantic: The Knights of Labor in Britain and Ireland." (2019): 151–156.
- Watillon, Leon. and Frederic Meyers, The Knights of Labor in Belgium. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1978. Also in partial translation by Frederic Meyers, Institute of Industrial Relations, Los Angeles, 1959: http://www.oac.cdlib.org/ark:/28722/bk0003t812j/?brand=oac4 (页面
存 档备份,存 于互联网档案 馆)
主要 来 源
[编辑]由 骑士团自身 出版
[编辑]- Knights of Labor. Proceedings of the General Assembly, 10th - 30th (microfilm). Library of American civilization. 1887–1913 [2023-05-15]. LAC 23217-20. (
原始 内容 存 档于2017-05-10). - Knights of Labor. Record of the proceedings of the General Assembly, 1st - 9th (microfilm). Library of American civilization. 1878–1886 [2023-05-15]. LAC 23214-16. (
原始 内容 存 档于2017-05-10). - Powderly, Terence Vincent. Thirty Years of Labor. 1859-1889. Excelsior publishing house. 1889: 693.
Terence Vincent Powderly.
- Powderly, Terence Vincent. Thirty Years of Labor. 1859-1889. Excelsior publishing house. 1889: 693.
Terence Vincent Powderly.
- Powderly, Terence Vincent; Edmund Janes James. The Labor Movement: The Problem of To-day. The M. W. Hazen Company. 1891: 628.
Terence Vincent Powderly.
- Powderly, Terence Vincent. The Labor Movement: The Problem of To-day; Chapter XV: The History of the Knights of Labor. 1891: 397–428.
Terence Vincent Powderly.
- Powderly, Terence Vincent. The Labor Movement: The Problem of To-day; Chapter XV: The History of the Knights of Labor. 1891: 397–428.
- Powderly, Terence Vincent; John Williams Hayes. John A. Turcheneske Jr , 编. Terence Vincent Powderly Papers 1864-1937 and John Williams Hayes Papers 1880-1921, The Knights of Labor. 1891: 109 reels.
- William Baillie Baird papers (页面
存 档备份,存 于互联网档案 馆), at the University of Maryland libraries. Baird was a commissioned organizer of the Knights of Labor.
由 他人 出版
[编辑]- A.C. Dunham, "The Knights of Labor," New Englander and Yale Review, vol. 45, no. 195 (June 1886), pp. 490–498.
- John Stephens Durham, "The Labor Unions and the Negro," Atlantic Monthly, vol. 81, no. 484 (February 1898), pp. 222–231.
- Henry George, "The New Party," North American Review, vol. 145, no. 368 (July 1887), pp. 1–8.
- Rufus Hatch, "The Labor Crisis," North American Review, vol. 142, no. 355 (June 1886), pp. 602–607.
- Richard J. Hinton, "American Labor Organizations," North American Review, vol. 140, no. 338 (January 1885), pp. 48–63.
- M.E.J. Kelley, "Women and the Labor Movement, North American Review, vol. 166, no. 497 (April 1898), pp. 408–418.
- George Frederic Parsons, "The Labor Question," Atlantic Monthly, vol. 58, no. 345 (July 1886), pp. 97–113.
- Carroll D. Wright, "An Historical Sketch of the Knights of Labor," Quarterly Journal of Economics, vol. 1, no. 2 (January 1887), pp. 137–168.
外部 链接
[编辑]- 1878
年 劳工骑士团大会 记录(英文 ) - Select Bibliography of Terence V. Powderly and the Knights of Labor,
存 档于互联网档案 馆(存 檔日期 February 13, 2009)(英文 ) - Knights of Labor.
新国 际百科 全 书. 1905.(英文 )
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