强 纲领
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特 征
[编辑]因果 性 :需检验某种知识提出 时背后 的 条件 (心理 、社会 和文 化 )。公正 性 :无论成功 或 失 败的知 识主张,都 需进行 检验。- 对称
性 :对于成功 和 失 败知识的检验,其阐述 方式 应当相 同 。 反身 性 :同 样地,对于这项研究 本身 ,也应用 同 样的方式 进行研究 。
历史
[编辑]批评
[编辑]为了从
参考 文献
[编辑]- ^ David Bloor, "The strengths of the strong programme." Scientific rationality: The sociological turn (Springer Netherlands, 1984) pp. 75-94.
- ^ Donald MacKenzie, "Notes on the science and social relations debate." Capital & Class 5.2 (1981): 47-60.
- ^ David Bloor, Knowledge and Social Imagery (1976)
- ^ Harry M. Collins, "Introduction: Stages in the empirical programme of relativism." Social studies of science (1981): 3-10. in JSTOR (页面
存 档备份,存 于互联网档案 馆) - ^ Wiebe E. Bijker, et al. The social construction of technological systems: New directions in the sociology and history of technology (MIT press, 2012)
参 见
[编辑]扩展阅读
[编辑]- Barnes, B. (1977). Interests and the Growth of Knowledge. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul.
- Barnes, B. (1982). T. S. Kuhn and Social Science. London: Macmillan.
- Barnes, B. (1985). About Science. Oxford: Blackwell.
- Barnes, B. (1987). 'Concept Application as Social Activity', Critica 19: 19–44.
- Barnes, B. (1992). "Realism, relativism and finitism". Pp. 131–147 in Cognitive Relativism and Social Science, eds. D. Raven, L. van Vucht Tijssen, and J. de Wolf.
- Barnes, B., D. Bloor, and J. Henry. (1996), Scientific Knowledge: A Sociological Analysis. University of Chicago Press. [An introduction and summary of strong sociology]
- Bijker, Wiebe E., et al. The social construction of technological systems: New directions in the sociology and history of technology (MIT press, 2012)
- Bloor, D. (1991 [1976]), Knowledge and Social Imagery, 2nd ed. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. [outlines the strong programme]
- Bloor, D. (1997). Wittgenstein, Rules and Institutions. London: Routledge.
- Bloor, D. (1999). "Anti-Latour," Studies in the History and Philosophy of Science Part A 20#1 pp: 81–112.
- Collins, Harry, and Trevor Pinch. The Golem at large: What you should know about technology (Cambridge University Press, 2014)
- Latour, B. (1999). "For David Bloor and Beyond ... a reply to David Bloor's 'Anti-Latour'," Studies in History & Philosophy of Science Part A 30(1): 113–129.