马绍尔语
马绍尔语 | |
---|---|
Kajin M̧ajeļ | |
马绍尔群岛、 瑙鲁 | |
43,900 (1979) | |
马绍尔群岛( | |
ISO 639-1 | mh |
ISO 639-2 | mah |
ISO 639-3 | mah |
马绍尔语(
语音[编辑]
辅音[编辑]
马绍尔语
軟顎 |
軟顎 |
(軟顎) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
pʲ | pˠ | tʲ | tˠ | k | kʷ | ||
mʲ | mˠ | nʲ | nˠ | nʷ | ŋ | ŋʷ | |
rʲ | rˠ | rʷ | |||||
lʲ | lˠ | lʷ | |||||
j | (ɰ) | w |
元 音 [编辑]
马绍尔语
马绍尔语 |
Simple realisations | Main orthographies | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
height | phoneme | unrounded | rounded | unrounded | rounded | |||
front | back | front | back | |||||
High | (close) | /ɨ/ | [i] | [ɯ] | [u] | i | u | |
Upper Mid | (near-close) | /ɘ/ | [ɪ] | [ɤ] (long) |
[ʊ] | i (or ę) | o | ū (or ü) |
Lower Mid | (open-mid) | /ɜ/ | [e] | [ʌ] (short) |
[o] | e | o̧ (or o̠) | ō (or ü) |
Low | (open) | /ɐ/ | [ɛ] | [ɑ] | [ɔ] | a | ā (or ä) |
正 寫 法 [编辑]
读音 | 带变 |
读音 | 带长 |
读音 | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
a | A | /ɐ/ [ɛ] /ɐ/ [ɑ] |
ā (or ä) | Ā (or Ä) | /ɐ/ [ɔ] | |||||
b | B | /bˠ/ | ||||||||
d | D | /r̪ˠ/ | ||||||||
e | E | /ɜ/ [e] | ||||||||
i | I | /ɨ/ [i] /ɘ/ [ɪ] |
||||||||
j (or y)[ |
J (or Y)[ |
/j/ [ʒ] /j/ [j][ |
||||||||
k | K | /k/ | ||||||||
l | L | /l̪ʲ/ | ļ (or ł) | Ļ (or Ł) | /l̪ˠ/ | |||||
m | M | /mʲ/ | m̧ (or m̠) | M̧ (or M̠) | /mˠ/ | |||||
n | N | /n̪ʲ/ | ņ (or n̠) | Ņ (or N̠) | /n̪ˠ/ | n̄ (or ñ or ŋ) | N̄ (or Ñ or Ŋ) | /ŋ/ | ||
o | O | /ɘ/ [ɤ] (long) | o̧ (or o̠) | O̧ (or O̠) | /ɜ/ [ʌ] (short) | ō (or ö) | Ō (or Ö) | /ɜ/ [o] | ||
p | P | /pʲ/ | ||||||||
r | R | /r̪ʲ/ | ||||||||
t | T | /t̪ˠ/ | ||||||||
u | U | /ɨ/ [ɯ] /ɨ/ [u] |
ū (or ü) | Ū (or Ü) | /ɘ/ [ʊ] | |||||
w | W | /w/ /ʷ/ |
参考 资料[编辑]
- Bender, Byron W. (1968). Marshallese phonology. Oceanic Linguistics, 7, 16-35.
- Bender, Byron W. (1969). Spoken Marshallese: an intensive language course with grammatical notes and glossary. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press. ISBN 0870220705
- Bender, Byron W. (1969). Vowel dissimilation in Marshallese. In Working papers in linguistics (No. 11, pp. 88-96). University of Hawaii.
- Bender, Byron W. (1973). Parallelisms in the morphophonemics of several Micronesian languages. Oceanic Linguistics, 12, 455-477.
- Choi, John D. (1992). Phonetic underspecification and target interpolation: An acoustic study of Marshallese vowel allophony. UCLA Working Papers in Phonetics (No. 82). [1] (页面
存 档备份,存 于互联网档案 馆) - Hale, Mark. (2007) Chapter 5 of Historical Linguistics: Theory and Method. Blackwell
- Hale, Mark. (2000). Marshallese phonology, the phonetics-phonology interface and historical linguistics. The Linguistic Review, 17, 241-257.
- ^ Choi (1992:14
頁 )