1960 Japanese general election: Difference between revisions
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| turnout = 73.5% ({{decrease}} 3.5%) |
| turnout = 73.5% ({{decrease}} 3.5%) |
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| image1 = Hayato Ikeda.jpg |
| image1 = JFKWHP-KN-C18157 in Hayato Ikeda (cropped) restored Crop.jpg |
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| leader1 = [[Hayato Ikeda]] |
| leader1 = [[Hayato Ikeda]] |
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| party1 = Liberal Democratic Party (Japan) |
| party1 = Liberal Democratic Party (Japan) |
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| percentage1 = '''57.6%''' |
| percentage1 = '''57.6%''' |
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| swing1 = {{decrease}}0.2pp |
| swing1 = {{decrease}}0.2pp |
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| image2 = Saburo Eda.jpg |
| image2 = Saburo Eda 1963 Salvaged Crop.jpg |
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| leader2 = [[Saburō Eda]] |
| leader2 = [[Saburō Eda]] |
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| party2 = Japan Socialist Party |
| party2 = Japan Socialist Party |
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| percentage4 = 8.8% |
| percentage4 = 8.8% |
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| swing4 = ''New'' |
| swing4 = ''New'' |
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| image5 = |
| image5 = The-Zenei-1962-December-Special-1.png |
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| leader5 = [[Kenji Miyamoto (politician)|Kenji Miyamoto]] |
| leader5 = [[Kenji Miyamoto (politician)|Kenji Miyamoto]] |
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| party5 = Japanese Communist Party |
| party5 = Japanese Communist Party |
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As public antipathy was largely towards Kishi and his cabinet, rather than flagship LDP policies, the election was not a setback for the party. Kishi's successor, [[Hayato Ikeda]], was popular for his moderate attitude and public image as a practical finance minister, and LDP candidates focused heavily on issues such as maintaining [[Japanese economic miracle|already-strong economic growth]]. Ikeda made a splash with his promise to double the national income in ten years, known as the "[[Income Doubling Plan]]," which also promised economic benefits such as tax cuts to small businesses, farmers, and consumers. |
As public antipathy was largely towards Kishi and his cabinet, rather than flagship LDP policies, the election was not a setback for the party. Kishi's successor, [[Hayato Ikeda]], was popular for his moderate attitude and public image as a practical finance minister, and LDP candidates focused heavily on issues such as maintaining [[Japanese economic miracle|already-strong economic growth]]. Ikeda made a splash with his promise to double the national income in ten years, known as the "[[Income Doubling Plan]]," which also promised economic benefits such as tax cuts to small businesses, farmers, and consumers. |
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The LDP also benefitted from factionalism in the JSP, as the more moderate and [[Anti-communism|anti-communist]] [[Democratic Socialist Party (Japan)|Democratic Socialist Party]] seceded from the JSP at the beginning of the year, leading to a [[Vote splitting|spoiler effect]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|last=Douglas H. Mendel|first=Jr.|date=1961|title=Behind the 1960 Japanese Diet Election|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/3023661|journal=Asian Survey|volume=1|issue=1|pages=3–12|doi=10.2307/3023661|issn=0004-4687}}</ref> |
The LDP also benefitted from factionalism in the JSP, as the more moderate and [[Anti-communism|anti-communist]] [[Democratic Socialist Party (Japan)|Democratic Socialist Party]] seceded from the JSP at the beginning of the year, leading to a [[Vote splitting|spoiler effect]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|last=Douglas H. Mendel|first=Jr.|date=1961|title=Behind the 1960 Japanese Diet Election|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/3023661|journal=Asian Survey|volume=1|issue=1|pages=3–12|doi=10.2307/3023661|jstor=3023661 |issn=0004-4687}}</ref> |
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==Results== |
==Results== |
Latest revision as of 18:24, 24 February 2024
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All 467 seats in the House of Representatives of Japan 234 seats needed for a majority | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Turnout | 73.5% ( 3.5%) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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This article is part of a series on |
Politics of Japan |
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General elections were held in Japan on 20 November 1960.[1] The result was a victory for the Liberal Democratic Party, which won 296 of the 467 seats. Voter turnout was 73.5%, the lowest since the 1947 general elections.[2]
Background[edit]
The elections came near the end of a turbulent year marked by violent labour disputes at Mitsui Miike Coal Mine, the "May 19th Incident" in which Nobusuke Kishi and LDP lawmakers in the Diet forced the revised US-Japan Security Treaty through parliament (causing an upsurge in the Anpo protests), and the assassination of Japan Socialist Party (JSP) leader Inejirō Asanuma by wakizashi-wielding right-wing youth named Otoya Yamaguchi. Prior to the elections there were a number of left-wing street protests and right-wing vigilante actions.
Campaign[edit]
As public antipathy was largely towards Kishi and his cabinet, rather than flagship LDP policies, the election was not a setback for the party. Kishi's successor, Hayato Ikeda, was popular for his moderate attitude and public image as a practical finance minister, and LDP candidates focused heavily on issues such as maintaining already-strong economic growth. Ikeda made a splash with his promise to double the national income in ten years, known as the "Income Doubling Plan," which also promised economic benefits such as tax cuts to small businesses, farmers, and consumers.
The LDP also benefitted from factionalism in the JSP, as the more moderate and anti-communist Democratic Socialist Party seceded from the JSP at the beginning of the year, leading to a spoiler effect.[2]
Results[edit]
Although the LDP saw a small reduction in its vote share compared to the 1958 elections and the JSP and DSP collectively received around 1.3 million more votes than the united JSP did in the 1958 elections, the LDP gained nine seats, while the JSP and DSP lost a net four seats.
Party | Votes | % | Seats | +/– | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Liberal Democratic Party | 22,740,272 | 57.56 | 296 | +9 | |
Japan Socialist Party | 10,887,134 | 27.56 | 145 | –21 | |
Democratic Socialist Party | 3,464,148 | 8.77 | 17 | New | |
Japanese Communist Party | 1,156,723 | 2.93 | 3 | +2 | |
Other parties | 141,941 | 0.36 | 1 | – | |
Independents | 1,118,905 | 2.83 | 5 | –7 | |
Total | 39,509,123 | 100.00 | 467 | 0 | |
Valid votes | 39,509,123 | 98.97 | |||
Invalid/blank votes | 410,996 | 1.03 | |||
Total votes | 39,920,119 | 100.00 | |||
Registered voters/turnout | 54,312,993 | 73.50 | |||
Source: Baerwald, Mackie |
By prefecture[edit]
Prefecture | Total seats |
Seats won | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
LDP | JSP | DSP | JCP | Others | Ind. | ||
Aichi | 19 | 12 | 6 | 1 | |||
Akita | 8 | 5 | 3 | ||||
Aomori | 7 | 6 | 1 | ||||
Chiba | 13 | 10 | 3 | ||||
Ehime | 9 | 7 | 2 | ||||
Fukui | 4 | 3 | 1 | ||||
Fukuoka | 19 | 10 | 7 | 2 | |||
Fukushima | 12 | 7 | 4 | 1 | |||
Gifu | 9 | 5 | 3 | 1 | |||
Gunma | 10 | 6 | 4 | ||||
Hiroshima | 12 | 8 | 3 | 1 | |||
Hokkaido | 22 | 12 | 10 | ||||
Hyōgo | 18 | 10 | 6 | 1 | 1 | ||
Ibaraki | 12 | 9 | 3 | ||||
Ishikawa | 6 | 5 | 1 | ||||
Iwate | 8 | 6 | 2 | ||||
Kagawa | 6 | 4 | 1 | 1 | |||
Kagoshima | 11 | 9 | 2 | ||||
Kanagawa | 13 | 8 | 3 | 2 | |||
Kōchi | 5 | 4 | 1 | ||||
Kumamoto | 10 | 7 | 3 | ||||
Kyoto | 10 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 | ||
Mie | 9 | 5 | 2 | 1 | 1 | ||
Miyagi | 9 | 6 | 3 | ||||
Miyazaki | 6 | 4 | 2 | ||||
Nagano | 13 | 8 | 5 | ||||
Nagasaki | 9 | 6 | 3 | ||||
Nara | 5 | 4 | 1 | ||||
Niigata | 15 | 8 | 7 | ||||
Ōita | 7 | 5 | 2 | ||||
Okayama | 10 | 7 | 3 | ||||
Osaka | 19 | 7 | 7 | 3 | 2 | ||
Saga | 5 | 3 | 1 | 1 | |||
Saitama | 13 | 8 | 4 | 1 | |||
Shiga | 5 | 2 | 2 | 1 | |||
Shimane | 5 | 4 | 1 | ||||
Shizuoka | 14 | 10 | 4 | ||||
Tochigi | 10 | 6 | 4 | ||||
Tokushima | 5 | 4 | 1 | ||||
Tokyo | 27 | 15 | 11 | 1 | |||
Tottori | 4 | 3 | 1 | ||||
Toyama | 6 | 4 | 2 | ||||
Wakayama | 6 | 4 | 2 | ||||
Yamagata | 8 | 6 | 2 | ||||
Yamaguchi | 9 | 6 | 2 | 1 | |||
Yamanashi | 5 | 4 | 1 | ||||
Total | 467 | 296 | 145 | 17 | 3 | 1 | 5 |
References[edit]
- ^ Dieter Nohlen, Florian Grotz & Christof Hartmann (2001) Elections in Asia: A data handbook, Volume II, p363 ISBN 0-19-924959-8
- ^ a b Douglas H. Mendel, Jr. (1961). "Behind the 1960 Japanese Diet Election". Asian Survey. 1 (1): 3–12. doi:10.2307/3023661. ISSN 0004-4687. JSTOR 3023661.