National central city

Beijing

Tianjin

Shanghai

Chongqing

Chengdu

Guangzhou

Wuhan

Zhengzhou

Xi'an

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Location of National central cities of China

National central city
Simplified Chinese	国家こっか中心ちゅうしん城市じょうし
Traditional Chinese	國家こっか中心ちゅうしん城市じょうし
Transcriptions Standard Mandarin Hanyu Pinyin Guójiā Zhōngxīn Chéngshì Bopomofo ㄍㄨㄛˊ   ㄐㄧㄚ   ㄓㄨㄥ   ㄒㄧㄣ   ㄔㄥˊ   ㄕˋ Wade–Giles Kuo2-chia1 Chung1-hsin1 Chʻeng2-shih4 Tongyong Pinyin Guó-jia Jhong-sin Chéng-shìh IPA [kwǒ.tɕjá ʈʂʊ́ŋ.ɕín ʈʂʰə̌ŋ.ʂɻ̩̂] Yue: Cantonese Yale Romanization Gwokgāa Jūngsām Sìhngsíh Jyutping gwok3 gaa1 zung1 sam1 sing4 si5 IPA [kʷɔk̚˧ ka˥ tsʊŋ˥ sɐm˥ sɪŋ˩ si˩˧]

In China, a national central city (国家こっか中心ちゅうしん城市じょうし) is a modern metropolis with regional, national, and international importance. There are nine national central cities: Beijing, Tianjin, Chongqing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Chengdu, Wuhan, Xi'an, and Zhengzhou.

General topographic map of East Central China as per 2024, including the National Central Cities (Click to enlarge)

As defined by the National Development and Reform Committee, national central cities are strategically located in the country, shoulder the national mission, lead regional development, participate in international competition, and represent the national image. This designation was formulated by the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development in 2005 as a first step in reforming urbanization in China. The national central cities' spheres of influence have great impact on surrounding cities in modernizing and integrating services in various fields, including infrastructure, finance, public education, social welfare, sanitation, business licensing, and urban planning.

List

Division	Native name	Total GDP (2017 USD)	Per capita (2017 USD)	Urban Population (2017)	Area (km2)	Density (/km2)	Municipal Population (2017)	Economic zone	Region	Subdivisions
Beijing	北京ぺきん; Běijīng	$443.8 billion	$20,446.58	18.76 million	16,411	1,323	21.70 million	Bohai Economic Rim	North	List
Tianjin	天津てんしん; Tiānjīn	$294.7 billion	$19,452	12.91 million	11,920	1,306	15.57 million			List
Shanghai	上海しゃんはい; Shànghǎi	$477.63 billion	$19,750.5	21.21 million	6,341	3,813.8	24.18 million	Yangtze River Delta Economic Zone	East	List
Chongqing	重じゅう庆; Chóngqìng	$309.1 billion	$9,433	19.71 million	82,400	373.2	30.75 million	West Triangle Economic Zone	Southwest	List
Chengdu	成都せいと; Chéngdū	$273.8 billion	$16,515	11.54 million	14,378	650	9.14 million			List
Xi'an	西安しーあん; Xī'ān	$118.4 billion	$12,055.41	5.9 million	10,135	893.6	9.06 million		Northwest
Guangzhou	广州; Guǎngzhōu	$341 billion	$22,317	12.49 million	7,434	1,950.2	14.50 million	Pearl River Delta Economic Zone	South	List
Wuhan	武たけ汉; Wǔhàn	$212.6 billion	$19,627.7	8.72 million	8,494	1,282	10.89 million	Yangtze River Midstream Economic Zone	Central
Zhengzhou	郑州; Zhèngzhōu	$144.7 billion	$14,276.13	7.14 million	7,446	1,327	9.88 million	Zhongyuan Economic Zone

Gallery

• 
  Beijing
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  Shanghai
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  Tianjin
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  Guangzhou
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  Chengdu
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  Zhengzhou
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  Xi'an

See also

• List of Chinese municipalities and prefecture-level cities by GDP
• List of Chinese municipalities and prefecture-level divisions by GDP per capita
• List of cities in the People's Republic of China by urban population
• List of province-level capitals and sub-provincial cities in the People's Republic of China

References

• "国家こっか中心ちゅうしん城市じょうし(guójiā zhōngxīn chéngshì): National central cities". China Daily. 2018-02-09. Retrieved 11 December 2022.