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Python - 維基百科，自由嘅百科全書 跳とべ去ざ內容

Python

出自しゅつじ維基百科ひゃっか，自由じゆう嘅百科全書ひゃっかぜんしょ
  提示ていじ：呢篇文ぶん講こう嘅唔係がかり蟒蛇うわばみ。
Python
編へん程ほど範式はんしき多た範はん型がた：函數かんすう式しき、指令しれい式しき、反射はんしゃ式しき、結構けっこう化か、物件ぶっけん導しるべ向むこう
設計せっけい者しゃGuido van Rossum
編へん程ほど員いんPython軟件基金ききん會かい
第だい一いち次じ出現しゅつげん1991年ねん， 33年ねん之の前まえ (1991)[1]
穩定版本はんぽん
3.12.4[2] 喺維基數據度改 / 2024年ねん6月がつ6號ごう，44日にち之の前まえ
類型るいけい系統けいとう鴨かも子こ類型るいけい、動態どうたい、強つよ類型るいけい[3]、漸進ぜんしん（英文えいぶん：gradual typing）（自じ從したがえ3.5）[4]
操作そうさ系統けいとう跨またが平臺ひらだい：Windows、Linux/Unix、macOS等ひとし
軟件授權Python軟件基金ききん會かい許可きょか證しょう
副ふく檔名.py、.pyi、.pyc、.pyd、.pyo（3.5之の前まえ）[5]、Template:Notatypo、.pyz（自じ從したがえ3.5）[6]
網あみ站www.python.org 改維基數據
Major implementations
CPython、PyPy、IronPython、Jython、Stackless Python、MicroPython、CircuitPython（英文えいぶん：CircuitPython）、RustPython[7]
Dialects
Cython、RPython、Starlark（英文えいぶん：Bazel (software)）[8]
啟發けいはつ語ご言げん
ABC[9]、Ada[10]、ALGOL 68[11]、APL[12]、C[13]、C++[14]、CLU[15]、Dylan[16]、Haskell[17]、Icon[18]、Java[19]、Lisp[20]、Modula-3[14]、Perl、Standard ML[12]
影響えいきょう語ご言げん
Boo、Cobra（英文えいぶん：Cobra (programming language)）、CoffeeScript[21]、D、F#、Falcon、Genie[22]、Go、Groovy、JavaScript[23][24]、Julia[25]、Nim、Ring[26]、Ruby[27]、Swift[28]

Python（英國えいこく發音はつおん：/ˈpaɪθしーたən/ 美國びくに發音はつおん：/ˈpaɪθしーたɑːn/），係かかり一いち種しゅ直譯ちょくやく高階たかしな程ほど式しき語ご言げん，由ゆかり荷に蘭らん科か研けん機構きこう CWI（數學すうがく及電腦でんのう科學かがく中心ちゅうしん）嘅 Guido van Rossum 設計せっけい，1991年ねん首くび次じ推出[29][30]，特徵とくちょう係がかり啲編へん碼嘅可讀かどく性せい高だか、空そら格かく有ゆう語義ごぎ（所謂いわゆる越えつ位い法則ほうそく）、支援しえん多種たしゅ嘅編へん程ほど範式はんしき（包括ほうかつ結構けっこう化か編へん程ほど同どう物件ぶっけん導しるべ向むこう編へん程ほど）、而且有ゆう個こ全面ぜんめん嘅標準ひょうじゅん庫こ[31]。因よし為ため呢啲緣故えんこ，Python 喺廿一世紀初俾人廣泛採用嚟做好多種唔同嘅編へん程ほど作業さぎょう，例れい如係編へん寫うつし機械きかい學習がくしゅう程ほど式しき同どう電子でんし遊戲ゆうぎ程ほど式しき[32]。喺工程こうてい學がく同どう科學かがく界さかい常用じょうよう；喺財經ざいけい界さかい亦また都みやこ成しげる為ため咗考CFA牌ぱい可か以考嘅嘢[33]。

語法ごほう

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縮ちぢみ進すすむ

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Python 呢種程ほど式しき語ご言げん跟越えつ位い法則ほうそく（off-side rule），即そく係がかり話ばなし縮ちぢみ進しん會かい用よう嚟表示ひょうじ「邊あたり幾いく行ぎょう碼屬同どう一いち個こ碼塊」嘅資訊。

關せき鍵かぎ字じ

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Python 有ゆう35個こ關せき鍵かぎ字じ（又また叫さけべ保留ほりゅう字じ，即そく係がかり唔可以當識別しきべつ碼用よう）：

  • and
  • as
  • assert
  • async
  • await
  • break
  • class
  • continue
  • def
  • del
  • elif
  • else
  • except
  • False
  • finally
  • for
  • from
  • global
  • if
  • import
  • in
  • is
  • lambda
  • None
  • nonlocal
  • not
  • or
  • pass
  • raise
  • return
  • True
  • try
  • while
  • with
  • yield

數かず據よりどころ結構けっこう

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  • array[::]
  • zip(,)

控ひかえ制せい流りゅう程ほど

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Python 容よう許多きょた種しゅ控ひかえ制せい流りゅう程ほど功こう能のう，包括ほうかつ：

  • if... else
  • if...elif...else
  • for
  • while
  • try

I/O

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  • print(...)
  • input("")
  • with open("...", " ") as ...

子こ程ほど序じょ

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  • def func1(*args):

運算うんざん子こ

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  • + 相あい加か
  • - 相そう減げん
  • * 相乘そうじょう
  • / 除じょ
  • % 取と餘よ數すう

例れい子こ碼

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以下いか係かかり Python 嘅 Hello World 代だい碼，出で名めい在ざい非常ひじょう簡單かんたん： 

print("Hello, world!")

以下いか呢段 python 碼會攞一いち個こ正せい整數せいすう做 input，再さい俾嗰個數こすう嘅階かい乘じょう做 output： 

n = int(input('Type a number, and its factorial will be printed: '))

if n < 0:
    raise ValueError('You must enter a positive integer')

fact = 1
i = 2
while i <= n:
    fact *= i
    i += 1

print(fact)

睇埋

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攷

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  1. ↑ Guttag, John V. (12 August 2016). Introduction to Computation and Programming Using Python: With Application to Understanding Data. MIT Press. ISBN 978-0-262-52962-4.
  2. ↑ "Python Insider: Python 3.12.4 released"; 出版しゅっぱん日び期き: 2024年ねん6月がつ6號ごう; 檢索けんさく日び期き: 2024年ねん6月がつ7號ごう.
  3. ↑ "Why is Python a dynamic language and also a strongly typed language - Python Wiki". wiki.python.org. 喺2021-01-27搵到.
  4. ↑ "PEP 483 -- The Theory of Type Hints". Python.org. 原はら先さき內容歸かえり檔喺2020-06-14. 喺2020-04-22搵到.
  5. ↑ File extension .pyo was removed in Python 3.5. See PEP 0488 互聯網もう檔案館かん嘅歸かえり檔，歸かえり檔日期き2020年ねん6月がつ1號ごう，.
  6. ↑ Holth, Moore (2014-03-30). "PEP 0441 -- Improving Python ZIP Application Support". 原はら先さき內容歸かえり檔喺2018-12-26. 喺2015-11-12搵到.
  7. ↑ "RustPython".
  8. ↑ "Starlark Language". 喺25 May 2019搵到.
  9. ↑ 引用いんよう錯誤さくご 無效むこう嘅<ref>標しめぎ籤くじ；無む文字もじ提供ていきょう畀叫做faq-created嘅參照さんしょう
  10. ↑ "Ada 83 Reference Manual (raise statement)".
  11. ↑ Kuchling, Andrew M. (22 December 2006). "Interview with Guido van Rossum (July 1998)". amk.ca. 原著げんちょ喺1 May 2007歸き檔. 喺12 March 2012搵到.
  12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 "itertools — Functions creating iterators for efficient looping — Python 3.7.1 documentation". docs.python.org.
  13. ↑ van Rossum, Guido (1993). 1&type=pdf "An Introduction to Python for UNIX/C Programmers". Proceedings of the NLUUG Najaarsconferentie (Dutch UNIX Users Group). even though the design of C is far from ideal, its influence on Python is considerable. {{cite journal}}: Check |url= value (help)
  14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 "Classes". The Python Tutorial. Python Software Foundation. 喺20 February 2012搵到. It is a mixture of the class mechanisms found in C++ and Modula-3
  15. ↑ Lundh, Fredrik. "Call By Object". effbot.org. 原著げんちょ喺2019年ねん11月23號ごう歸き檔. 喺21 November 2017搵到. replace "CLU" with "Python", "record" with "instance", and "procedure" with "function or method", and you get a pretty accurate description of Python's object model.
  16. ↑ Simionato, Michele. ses/2.3/mro/ "The Python 2.3 Method Resolution Order". Python Software Foundation. The C3 method itself has nothing to do with Python, since it was invented by people working on Dylan and it is described in a paper intended for lispers {{cite web}}: Check |url= value (help)CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  17. ↑ Kuchling, A. M. "Functional Programming HOWTO". Python v2.7.2 documentation. Python Software Foundation. 喺9 February 2012搵到.
  18. ↑ Schemenauer, Neil; Peters, Tim; Hetland, Magnus Lie (18 May 2001). "PEP 255 – Simple Generators". Python Enhancement Proposals. Python Software Foundation. 喺9 February 2012搵到.
  19. ↑ Smith, Kevin D.; Jewett, Jim J.; Montanaro, Skip; Baxter, Anthony (2 September 2004). 18/ "PEP 318 – Decorators for Functions and Methods". Python Enhancement Proposals. Python Software Foundation. 喺24 February 2012搵到. {{cite web}}: Check |url= value (help)
  20. ↑ "More Control Flow Tools". Python 3 documentation. Python Software Foundation. 喺24 July 2015搵到.
  21. ↑ "CoffeeScript". coffeescript.org.
  22. ↑ "The Genie Programming Language Tutorial". 喺28 February 2020搵到.
  23. ↑ "Perl and Python influences in JavaScript". www.2ality.com. 24 February 2013. 喺15 May 2015搵到.
  24. ↑ Rauschmayer, Axel. "Chapter 3: The Nature of JavaScript; Influences". O'Reilly, Speaking JavaScript. 原著げんちょ喺2018年ねん12月26號ごう歸き檔. 喺15 May 2015搵到.
  25. ↑ 引用いんよう錯誤さくご 無效むこう嘅<ref>標しめぎ籤くじ；無む文字もじ提供ていきょう畀叫做Julia嘅參照さんしょう
  26. ↑ Ring Team (4 December 2017). "Ring and other languages". ring-lang.net. ring-lang. 原著げんちょ喺2018年ねん12月25號ごう歸き檔. 喺2022年ねん4月がつ5號ごう搵到.
  27. ↑ Bini, Ola (2007). Practical JRuby on Rails Web 2.0 Projects: bringing Ruby on Rails to the Java platform. Berkeley: APress. p. 3. ISBN 978-1-59059-881-8.
  28. ↑ Lattner, Chris (3 June 2014). "Chris Lattner's Homepage". Chris Lattner. 喺3 June 2014搵到. The Swift la nguage is the product of tireless effort from a team of language experts, documentation gurus, compiler optimization ninjas, and an incredibly important internal dogfooding group who provided feedback to help refine and battle-test ideas. Of course, it also greatly benefited from the experiences hard-won by many other languages in the field, drawing ideas from Objective-C, Rust, Haskell, Ruby, Python, C#, CLU, and far too many others to list.
  29. ↑ "History and License — Python 3.11.2 documentation" (英文えいぶん). Python Software Foundation. 喺2023年ねん2月がつ20號ごう搵到.
  30. ↑ "The History of Python: A Brief Timeline of Python". Blogger. 2009-01-20. 喺2016-03-20搵到.
  31. ↑ "About Python". Python Software Foundation. Retrieved 24 April 2012., second section "Fans of Python use the phrase "batteries included" to describe the standard library, which covers everything from asynchronous processing to zip files."
  32. ↑ Kuhlman, Dave. "A Python Book: Beginning Python, Advanced Python, and Python Exercises". Section 1.1.
  33. ↑ 世よ澤さわ (2023年ねん3月がつ19號ごう). 《瑞みず士し政府せいふ嘗試迫はさまUBS同どうCredit Suisse合併がっぺい 投資とうし銀行ぎんこう部分ぶぶん爛ただれ到いた無む朋友ほうゆう邊べ個こ會かい接せっ手しゅ 大だい行ぎょう黃金おうごん時代じだい已やめ經けい過去かこ 古こ怪かい事情じじょう將しょう會かい陸續りくぞく有ゆう嚟》. 《黃き世よ澤さわ幾いく分ぶん鐘かね評ひょう論ろん》. 時間じかん 22:37. 喺2023年ねん3月がつ19號ごう搵到.

參考さんこう

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