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皮埃尔·德利涅 - 维基百科，自由的百科全书 跳とべ转到内容ないよう

皮かわ埃ほこり尔·德利とっくり涅

维基百科ひゃっか，自由じゆう的てき百科ひゃっか全ぜん书
皮かわ埃ほこり尔·德利とっくり涅
皮かわ埃ほこり尔·德利とっくり涅，2005年ねん
出生しゅっしょう (1944-10-03) 1944年ねん10月がつ3日にち（80歲さい）
 比ひ利り时埃ほこり特とく贝克
母校ぼこう法語ほうご布ぬの魯塞爾しか自由じゆう大學だいがく
知名ちめい于证明韦伊猜想（英えい语：Weil conjectures）
反はん常つね层（英えい语：Perverse sheaf）
以德利とっくり涅命名めいめい的てき概念がいねん（英えい语：Concepts named after Deligne）
奖项阿おもね贝尔奖 (2013年ねん)
沃尔夫おっと数学すうがく奖 (2008年ねん)
巴ともえ尔赞奖 (2004年ねん)
克かつ拉ひしげ福德ふくとく奖 (1988年ねん)
菲尔兹奖 (1978年ねん)
科学かがく生涯しょうがい
研究けんきゅう领域数学すうがく家か
机つくえ构普ふ林りん斯顿高等こうとう研究けんきゅう院いん
法ほう國こく高等こうとう科學かがく研究所けんきゅうじょ
博士はかせ導師どうし亚历山大やまだい·格かく罗滕迪すすむ克かつ
博士はかせ生せい黎はじむ勇壮ゆうそう（英えい语：Lê Dũng Tráng）
迈尔斯·里さと德とく（英えい语：Miles Reid）
米べい夏なつ埃ほこり尔·拉ひしげ波なみ波は特とく（英えい语：Michael Rapoport）

皮かわ埃ほこり尔·德利とっくり涅（法語ほうご：Pierre Deligne，发音：[pjɛʁ dəliɲ]；1944年ねん10月がつ3日にち—），全ぜん称しょう德利とっくり涅子爵皮埃ほこり尔·勒内（法語ほうご：Pierre René, vicomte Deligne），比ひ利り时代数だいすう几何学者がくしゃ，20世せい纪中后きさき期き最知さいち名めい的てき数学すうがく家か之これ一いち。他た最さい重要じゅうよう的てき贡献之の一いち是ぜ20世せい纪70年代ねんだい关于韦伊猜想（英えい语：Weil conjectures）的てき工作こうさく。他た是ぜ大だい数学すうがく家か亚历山大やまだい·格かく罗滕迪すすむ克かつ的てき学生がくせい。

生平おいだいら

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德利とっくり涅生于布ぬの鲁塞尔，自じ幼よう数学すうがく天てん赋出众，初はつ中ちゅう时就在ざい老ろう师建议下开始阅读布ぬの尔巴基もと小しょう组写的てき专著《集合しゅうごう论》，高中たかなか时就已やめ经获得とく机つくえ会かい进入前ぜん沿数学がく家か的てき讨论班はん。他た就读于布ぬの鲁塞尔自由じゆう大学だいがく，曾受知名ちめい数学すうがく家か雅まさ克かつ·蒂茨栽培さいばい，后きさき来らい又また被ひ带到布ぬの尔巴基もと学派がくは的てき讨论班はん上じょう和わ亚历山大やまだい·格かく罗滕迪すすむ克かつ等とう其他重要じゅうよう数学すうがく家か见面。他た回かい忆第一次见到格罗腾迪克时，觉得对方高だか个子、大光たいこう头的形象けいしょう有ゆう点てん怪かい异[1]。已やめ是ぜ大だい数学すうがく家か的てき格かく罗滕迪すすむ克かつ对当时还是ぜ新人しんじん的てき德利とっくり涅所问的问题给与了りょう耐たい心的しんてき解かい释，这让德利とっくり涅觉得とく格かく罗滕迪すすむ克かつ非常ひじょう有ゆう亲和力りょく[2]。

1968年ねん他た在ざい亚历山大やまだい·格かく罗滕迪すすむ克かつ指ゆび导下完成かんせい博士はかせ论文。1970年ねん26岁的德利とっくり涅成为法ほう國こく高等こうとう科學かがく研究所けんきゅうじょ教授きょうじゅ。他た在ざい那な里さと完成かんせい了りょう关于霍奇理り论和わ韦伊猜想（英えい语：Weil conjectures）的てき工作こうさく。格かく罗滕迪すすむ克かつ很有信心しんじん按照自己じこ提供ていきょう的てき一套思路框架来逐步解决韦伊猜想，并借此证明あかり其数学がく思想しそう的てき威力いりょく，但ただし是ぜ德利とっくり涅却另辟蹊径搞定了りょう韦伊猜想。德利とっくり涅虽凭もたれ借か这一成绩获得了菲尔兹奖，但ただし是ぜ他た也承认老师格罗滕迪すすむ克かつ对此事ごと并不满意[3]。格かく罗滕迪すすむ克かつ的てき老ろう搭档让-皮かわ埃ほこり尔·塞ふさが尔则觉得とく韦伊猜想被ひ解かい决是一件值得开心的事情[4]。

1984年ねん，德利とっくり涅移居きょ美国びくに，进入普ふ林りん斯顿高等こうとう研究けんきゅう院いん。在ざい普ふ林りん斯顿的てき生活せいかつ同どう样充满挑战，这里的てき讨论会かい经常是ぜ数学すうがく家か和物あえもの理学りがく家か共同きょうどう参加さんか的てき，他た也在这里遇ぐう见了爱德华·威い滕这样的てき提ひさげ问既有意ゆうい思おもえ、又また能のう把わ自己じこ难倒的てき顶尖物理ぶつり学がく家か[5]。普ふ林りん斯顿开展的てき学科がっか研究けんきゅう和会かずえ议也更さら为广泛，他た也会忙せわし里さと抽闲去听中国ちゅうごく古代こだい历史之の类的人文じんぶん及社会かい类学科か的てき报告会かい[6]。

2013年ねん，德利とっくり涅在阿おもね贝尔奖得とく奖采访中表示ひょうじ自己じこ觉得导师的てき动机理り论（英えい语：Motive (algebraic geometry)）在ざい今こん后きさき10年ねん内ない看み不ふ到いた有明ありあけ显进展てん的てき迹象，但ただし自己じこ也做好こう了りょう被ひ打だ脸的准じゅん备[7]。

数学すうがく观

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德利とっくり涅认为研究けんきゅう数学すうがく应该更さら关注新しん工具こうぐ的てき创造和わ对学科か大だい图景的てき理解りかい。他た的てき导师格かく罗滕迪すすむ克かつ曾对他た说过数学すうがく绝不是ぜ一种竞赛式的活动。[8]

个人生活せいかつ

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逸いっ闻

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他た笑わらい称しょう物理ぶつり学がく家か经常喜き欢套用よう一些原理说不清、道みち不明ふめい的てき数学すうがく技巧ぎこう，但ただし是ぜ不ふ得とく不承ぶしょう认其做法确实很管用よう，得とく到いた的てき计算结果有ゆう不ふ少しょう还都是ぜ对的[9]。物理ぶつり学がく家か爱德华·威い滕能のう看み穿ほじ复杂数学すうがく公式こうしき和わ证明背せ后きさき的てき直ちょく观图像ぞう的てき本ほん领也令れい他た不ふ得とく不服ふふく[10]。

荣誉

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德利とっくり涅1978年ねん获得菲尔兹奖，1988年ねん获得克かつ拉ひしげ福德ふくとく奖，2008年ねん获得沃尔夫おっと奖，2013年ねん获得阿おもね贝尔奖。

2006年ねん比ひ利り时国王おう封ふう德利とっくり涅为子爵ししゃく。[11]

参考さんこう来らい源げん

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  1. ^ 见Raussen 2013，第だい17-19頁ぺーじ，摘录如下：“He was a little strange, with his shaved head, a very tall man.”
  2. ^ 见Raussen 2013，第だい17-19頁ぺーじ，摘录如下：“I think that many other mathematicians would have thought that if you didn't know the answer, there wouldn’t be any point to speak to you. This was not his reaction at all. Very patiently he told me that... He was very open to people who were ignorant. I think that you should not ask him the same stupid question three times, but twice was all right.”
  3. ^ 见Raussen 2013，第だい17-19頁ぺーじ，摘录如下：“I used a completely different idea. It is inspired by the work of Rankin and his work on automorphic forms. It still has a number of applications, but it did not realize the dream of Grothendieck. ... It would have been much nicer if his program had been realized. He did not think that there would be another way to do it. When he heard I had proved it, he felt I must have done this and that, which I hadn't. I think that’s the reason for the disappointment.”
  4. ^ 见Raussen 2013，第だい17-19頁ぺーじ。
  5. ^ 见Raussen 2013，第だい20-22頁ぺーじ，摘录如下：“In both places there are physicists, but I think the contact with them was more fruitful for me in Princeton than it was in Bures. In Princeton, there have been common seminars. One year was very intense, with both mathematicians and physicists participating. This was due mainly to the presence of Edward Witten. He has received the Fields Medal even though he is a physicist. When Witten asks me questions, it's always very interesting to try to answer them, but it can be frustrating as well.”
  6. ^ 见Raussen 2013，第だい20-22頁ぺーじ，摘录如下：“Princeton is also bigger in the sense that it has not only maths and physics, but also the School of Historical Studies and the School of Social Sciences. There is no real scientific interaction with these Schools but it is pleasant to be able to go and hear a lecture about, for instance, ancient China.”
  7. ^ 见Raussen 2013，第だい22頁ぺーじ，摘录如下：“Whether or not it's within reach in ten years, I have absolutely no idea; as it should be… but I would very much like to see progress in our understanding of motives. Which path to take and what are the correct questions, is very much in the air. Grothendieck's program relied on proving the existence of algebraic cycles with some properties. To me this looks hopeless, but I may be wrong.”
  8. ^ 见Raussen 2013，第だい21頁ぺーじ，摘录如下：“For Grothendieck it was very clear: he once told me that mathematics is not a competition sport. Mathematicians are different and some will want to be the first, especially if they are working on very specific and difficult questions. For me it's more important to create tools and to understand the general picture.”
  9. ^ 见Raussen 2013，第だい22頁ぺーじ，摘录如下：“In yet another direction, physicists regularly come up with unexpected conjectures, most often using completely illegal tools. But so far, whenever they have made a prediction, for instance a numerical prediction on the number of curves with certain properties on some surface - and these are big numbers, in the millions perhaps - they were right! Sometimes previous computations by mathematicians were not in accordance with what the physicists were predicting, but the physicists were right.”
  10. ^ 见Raussen 2013，第だい22頁ぺーじ，摘录如下：“They have put their fingers on something really interesting, but we are, so far, unable to capture their intuition. Sometimes they make a prediction and we work out a very clumsy proof without real understanding. That is not how it should be. In one of the seminar programs that we had with the physicists at IAS, my wish was not to have to rely on Ed Witten but instead to be able to make conjectures myself. I failed! I did not understand enough of their picture to be able to do that, so I still have to rely on Witten to tell me what should be interesting.”
  11. ^ Official announcement ennoblement [官かん方かた宣布せんぷ入にゅう选贵族ぞく]. Belgian Federal Public Service. 2006-07-18. （原始げんし内容ないよう存そん档于30 October 2007） （英えい语）. 

补充来らい源げん

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外部がいぶ链接

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