不足
Chinese
editnot; no | foot; to be sufficient | ||
---|---|---|---|
simp. and trad. ( |
Pronunciation
edit- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): bat1 zuk1
- Hakka
- Southern Min
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄅㄨˋ ㄗㄨˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: bùzú
- Wade–Giles: pu4-tsu2
- Yale: bù-dzú
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: butzwu
- Palladius: буцзу (buczu)
- Sinological IPA (key): /pu⁵¹ t͡su³⁵/
- Homophones:
[Show/Hide] 不足 步卒 部族
- (Standard Chinese)
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: bat1 zuk1
- Yale: bāt jūk
- Cantonese Pinyin: bat7 dzuk7
- Guangdong Romanization: bed1 zug1
- Sinological IPA (key): /pɐt̚⁵ t͡sʊk̚⁵/
- Homophones:
不足 筆觸 /笔触
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: put-chiuk
- Hakka Romanization System: bud` jiug`
- Hagfa Pinyim: bud5 jiug5
- Sinological IPA: /put̚² t͡si̯uk̚²/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Southern Min
Adjective
editSynonyms
editNoun
edit- inadequacy; deficiency; dearth; shortage; want; lack; not enough
Synonyms
edit- (figurative)
缺 口 (quēkǒu)
Verb
edit- to be inadequate; to be deficient; to have a shortage
- to be less than
- (literary) not worth ... ; no need to ...
- (literary) cannot
Synonyms
edit- (to be inadequate):
不 夠/不 够 (bùgòu)不 敷 (bùfū) (literary)不滿 /不 满 (bùmǎn)乏 達 /乏 达 (Quanzhou Hokkien)- 匱乏/匮乏 (kuìfá)
欠 (qiàn)欠 缺 (qiànquē)短 少 (duǎnshǎo)短 缺 (duǎnquē)絕 乏 /绝乏 (juéfá) (literary)缺乏 (quēfá)缺如 (quērú) (literary)缺 少 (quēshǎo)缺 欠 (quēqiàn)缺 缺 (Xiamen Hokkien)- 虧/亏 (kuī)
貧 /贫 (pín) (literary, or in compounds)- 闕乏/阙乏 (quēfá) (literary)
闕如 /阙如 (quērú) (literary)
Derived terms
edit不足 之 處 /不足 之 处 (bùzúzhīchù)不 足掛 齒 /不足 挂齿 (bùzúguàchǐ)不足 為 奇 /不足 为奇 (bùzúwéiqí)不足 為 怪 /不足 为怪 (bùzúwéiguài)不足 為 訓 /不足 为训 (bùzúwéixùn)不足 輕重 /不足 轻重 (bùzúqīngzhòng)不足 道 (bùzúdào)心 有餘 而力不足 /心 有余 而力不足 (xīn yǒuyú ér lì bùzú)成 事 不足 ,敗 事 有餘 /成 事 不足 ,败事有余 (chéngshì bùzú, bàishì yǒuyú)注意 力不足 過 動 症 /注意 力不足 过动症 (zhùyìlì bùzú guòdòngzhèng)睡眠 不足 (shuìmián bùzú)美 中 不足 (měizhōngbùzú)
Japanese
editKanji in this term | |
---|---|
ふ Grade: 4 |
そく Grade: 1 |
on'yomi |
Etymology
editFrom Middle Chinese
Pronunciation
editAdjective
editInflection
editInflection of 不足
Stem forms | |||
---|---|---|---|
Imperfective ( |
ふそくだろ | fusoku daro | |
Continuative ( |
ふそくで | fusoku de | |
Terminal ( |
ふそくだ | fusoku da | |
Attributive ( |
ふそくな | fusoku na | |
Hypothetical ( |
ふそくなら | fusoku nara | |
Imperative ( |
ふそくであれ | fusoku de are | |
Key constructions | |||
Informal negative | ふそくではない ふそくじゃない |
fusoku de wa nai fusoku ja nai | |
Informal past | ふそくだった | fusoku datta | |
Informal negative past | ふそくではなかった ふそくじゃなかった |
fusoku de wa nakatta fusoku ja nakatta | |
Formal | ふそくです | fusoku desu | |
Formal negative | ふそくではありません ふそくじゃありません |
fusoku de wa arimasen fusoku ja arimasen | |
Formal past | ふそくでした | fusoku deshita | |
Formal negative past | ふそくではありませんでした ふそくじゃありませんでした |
fusoku de wa arimasen deshita fusoku ja arimasen deshita | |
Conjunctive | ふそくで | fusoku de | |
Conditional | ふそくなら(ば) | fusoku nara (ba) | |
Provisional | ふそくだったら | fusoku dattara | |
Volitional | ふそくだろう | fusoku darō | |
Adverbial | ふそくに | fusoku ni | |
Degree | ふそくさ | fusokusa |
Noun
edit- insufficiency, shortage, deficiency, lack
睡眠 不足 - suiminbusoku
- lack of sleep, insufficient sleep, sleep deprivation
- dissatisfaction
Antonyms
edit満足 (manzoku)
Verb
editConjugation
editConjugation of "不足 する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Mizenkei ("imperfective") | ふそくし | fusoku shi | ||
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | ふそくし | fusoku shi | ||
Shūshikei ("terminal") | ふそくする | fusoku suru | ||
Rentaikei ("attributive") | ふそくする | fusoku suru | ||
Kateikei ("hypothetical") | ふそくすれ | fusoku sure | ||
Meireikei ("imperative") | ふそくせよ¹ ふそくしろ² |
fusoku seyo¹ fusoku shiro² | ||
Key constructions | ||||
Passive | ふそくされる | fusoku sareru | ||
Causative | ふそくさせる ふそくさす |
fusoku saseru fusoku sasu | ||
Potential | ふそくできる | fusoku dekiru | ||
Volitional | ふそくしよう | fusoku shiyō | ||
Negative | ふそくしない | fusoku shinai | ||
Negative continuative | ふそくせず | fusoku sezu | ||
Formal | ふそくします | fusoku shimasu | ||
Perfective | ふそくした | fusoku shita | ||
Conjunctive | ふそくして | fusoku shite | ||
Hypothetical conditional | ふそくすれば | fusoku sureba | ||
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative |
References
edit- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006),
大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN - ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK
日本語 発音 アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN - ^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997),
新 明解 国語 辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- Shōgaku Tosho (1988)
国語 大 辞典 (新装 版 ) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN - 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.
- Kitahara, Yasuo, editor (2002),
明鏡 国語 辞典 [Meikyō Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), First edition, Tokyo: Taishūkan Shoten, →ISBN
- Shōgaku Tosho (1988)
Korean
editHanja in this term | |
---|---|
Noun
edit- hanja form? of 부족 (“insufficiency”)
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