苧からむし

See also: 苎, 薴, and 柠

苧からむし

U+82E7, 苧

CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-82E7

← 苦く
[U+82E6]

CJK Unified Ideographs

苨 →
[U+82E8]

Translingual

Han character

苧からむし (Kangxi radical 140, 艸そうこう+5, 11 strokes, cangjie input 廿にじゅう十じゅう一いち弓ゆみ (TJMN) or 難なん廿にじゅう十じゅう一いち弓ゆみ (XTJMN), four-corner 4420₁, composition ⿱艹宁)

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 1024, character 1
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 30798
Dae Jaweon: page 1483, character 1
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3196, character 4
Unihan data for U+82E7

Chinese

Etymology 1

Glyph origin

Simplified from 薴 (寧やすし → 宁).

Definitions

For pronunciation and definitions of 苧からむし – see 薴 (“disorderly; messy; etc.”). (This character is the simplified form of 薴).
Notes: Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore. Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

Etymology 2

trad.		苧からむし
simp.		苎
alternative forms		紵／纻

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (宁) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
貯	*taʔ
詝	*taʔ
柠	*tʰaʔ
宁	da, daʔ
佇	*daʔ
竚	*daʔ
苧からむし	*daʔ
紵	*daʔ
羜	*daʔ
眝	*daʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲けいせい／形声けいせい, OC *daʔ) : semantic 艸そうこう (“grass”) + phonetic 宁 (OC *da, *daʔ).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): zhù (zhu⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄓㄨˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): cyu⁵

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: zhù
  - Zhuyin: ㄓㄨˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jhù
  - Wade–Giles: chu⁴
  - Yale: jù
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: juh
  - Palladius: чжу (čžu)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂu⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: cyu⁵
  - Yale: chyúh
  - Cantonese Pinyin: tsy⁵
  - Guangdong Romanization: qu⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰyː¹³/

Middle Chinese: drjoX

Rime
Character	苧からむし
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲こえ)	澄きよし (11)
Final (韻いん)	魚さかな (22)
Tone (調しらべ)	Rising (X)
Openness (開ひらき合あい)	Open
Division (等ひとし)	III
Fanqie	直じき吕切きり
Baxter	drjoX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɖɨʌ^X/
Pan Wuyun	/ɖiɔ^X/
Shao Rongfen	/ȡiɔ^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɖɨə̆^X/
Li Rong	/ȡiɔ^X/
Wang Li	/ȡĭo^X/
Bernard Karlgren	/ȡʱi̯wo^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhù
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zyu⁶

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*daʔ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	苧からむし
Reading #	1/1
No.	17635
Phonetic component	宁
Rime group	魚さかな
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime
Old Chinese	/*daʔ/
Notes	同どう芧又また爲ため紵後のち起おこり字じ

Definitions

苧からむし

ramie (Boehmeria nivea)

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 苧麻からむし (“ramie”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		苧麻からむし
Taxonomic name		苧麻からむし
Northeastern Mandarin	Taiwan	苧麻からむし
Northeastern Mandarin	Harbin	苧麻からむし
Central Plains Mandarin	Wanrong	麻あさ
	Xi'an	苧麻からむし
	Xining	苧麻からむし
	Xuzhou	苧麻からむし
Southwestern Mandarin	Liuzhou	青あお麻あさ, 元もと麻あさ
Jianghuai Mandarin	Nanjing	苧麻からむし
Jianghuai Mandarin	Yangzhou	剝皮麻あさ
Cantonese	Guangzhou	白はく麻あさ
	Dongguan	苧麻からむし
	Nanning	苧麻からむし
Gan	Lichuan	苧麻からむし
Gan	Pingxiang	苧麻からむし
Hakka	Meixian	苧麻からむし, 苧からむし仔こ
	Yudu	苧麻からむし
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	苧からむし仔こ
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	苧からむし仔こ
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	苧からむし仔こ
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	苧からむし, 苧麻からむし
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	苧からむし
Huizhou	Jixi	苧麻からむし
Jin	Taiyuan	苧麻からむし
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	苧からむし
Southern Min	Xiamen	苧からむし仔こ
	Zhao'an	苧からむし仔こ
	New Taipei (Tamsui)	苧からむし仔こ
	Kaohsiung (Cijin)	苧からむし仔こ
	Kaohsiung (Dalinpu, Siaogang)	苧からむし仔こ
	Yilan (Luodong)	苧からむし仔こ
	Yilan (Toucheng)	苧からむし仔こ
	Tainan (Anping)	苧からむし仔こ
	Pingtung (Baoli, Checheng)	苧からむし仔こ
	Shantou	麻苧あさお
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	苧麻からむし
Wu	Shanghai	苧麻からむし
	Danyang	大麻たいま
	Hangzhou	苧麻からむし
	Ningbo	苧麻からむし
	Wenzhou	苧からむし
	Jinhua	青あお麻あさ
Xiang	Loudi	苧麻からむし

Compounds

Etymology 3

For pronunciation and definitions of 苧からむし – see 芧. (This character is a variant form of 芧).

Japanese

Kanji

苧からむし

(Hyōgai kanji)

Readings

Go-on: じょ (jo)^{←ぢよ (dyo, historical)}
Kan-on: ちょ (cho)^{←ちよ (tyo, historical)}
Kan’yō-on: ま (ma)
Kun: お (o, 苧からむし)^{←を (wo, 苧からむし, historical)}; むし (mushi); からむし (karamushi, 苧からむし); からんし (karanshi, 苧からむし); こるむし (korumushi, 苧からむし)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
苧からむし
お Hyōgai
kun'yomi

Alternative spelling
麻あさ

/wo/ → /o/

From Old Japanese. Found in the Man'yōshū, completed some time after 759 CE.^[1]

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [o̞]

Noun

苧からむし(お) • (o) ^{←を (wo)^?}

hemp or ramie
- c. 918, Honzō Wamyō:
  苧からむし根ね山さん苧からむし_{相似そうじ、不ふ入用いりよう}和名わみょう乎乃祢
  (please add an English translation of this quotation)
thread made from the outer husk of the stems of hemp or ramie
a textile made from this thread

Synonyms

(hemp): 麻あさ(あさ) (asa)
(ramie): 苧からむし(からむし) (karamushi)
(thread, in general): 糸いと(いと) (ito)

Derived terms

苧からむし(お)の実み(み)油あぶら(あぶら) (onomiabura): oil from the hemp or ramie seed
苧からむし(お)引(ひ)き, 苧からむし(お)引(ひき) (ohiki): the process of pulling the hemp or ramie fibers from the husk
苧からむし(お)屋や(や) (oya): a shop or store selling ramie
桶おけ(おけ) (oke): a tub or basin
苧からむし(お)桶おけ(おけ) (ōke): a tub or basin in which the collected hemp or ramie fibers are placed

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
苧からむし
むし Hyōgai
kun'yomi

Alternative spellings
枲 (rare) 帔 (rare)

This section or entry lacks references or sources. Please help verify this information by adding appropriate citations. You can also discuss it at the Tea Room.
Particularly: “Where's the sources?”

From Old Japanese. Possibly the original name for the plant, or for the fiber from this plant.

Compare Korean 모시 (mosi, “ramie cloth; ramie plant”), Ainu モセ (mose), ムセ (muse, “nettle plant; bast fiber in general”). Alexander Vovin believes that the Old Japanese word was borrowed from Korean. (Can this⁽⁺⁾ etymology be sourced?)

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [mɯ̟ɕi]

Noun

苧からむし(むし) • (mushi)

(obsolete) old name for karamushi: the ramie plant, Boehmeria nivea var. nipononivea
short for 帔(むしのたれぎぬ), 枲(むし)の垂たれ(た)れ衣ころも(ぎぬ) (mushi no tareginu), a kind of veil made of ramie and worn from the brim of a hat by women from the Heian period through the Kamakura period

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
苧からむし
からむし Hyōgai
kun'yomi

Alternative spellings
苧麻からむし紵 (rare) 枲 (rare) 葈 (rare)

This section or entry lacks references or sources. Please help verify this information by adding appropriate citations. You can also discuss it at the Tea Room.
Particularly: “Where's the sources?”

Appears to be a compound of 殻から (kara, “husk”) +‎ 苧からむし (mushi, “ramie fiber”).

Some sources suggest that the mushi component derives from 蒸むし (mushi, “steaming”), from verb 蒸ふかす (musu, “to steam something; to be steamy or muggy”). However, ramie is not processed using steam, so these are more likely to be folk etymologies.

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) からむし [kàráꜜmùshì] (Nakadaka – [2])^[2]^[3]
(Tokyo) からむし [kàrámúshí] (Heiban – [0])^[2]^[3]
IPA^(key): [ka̠ɾa̠mɯ̟ɕi]

Noun

苧からむし(からむし) • (karamushi)

the ramie plant, Boehmeria nivea (syn. Boehmeria nipononivea)
a thread made from the fibers of this plant
a textile made from this thread
- circa 800, Hiroshi Tsukishima, Kojisho Ongi Shūsei 2: Shibunritsu Ongi, Tōkyō: Kyūko Shoin, published 1979, →ISBN, page 47:
  蒭麻衣まい 加か良りょう牟斯衣ころも
  (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Derived terms

苧からむし(からむし)頭あたま(ず)巾はば(きん) (karamushi zukin): a 頭巾ずきん (zukin, “headcloth, bandana”) made from ramie

References

Boehmeria at The Plant List

Etymology 4

Kanji in this term
苧からむし
からんし Hyōgai
kun'yomi

/karamuɕi/ → /karanɕi/

Alteration from karamushi. Rare and obsolete reading.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ka̠ɾã̠ɰ̃ɕi]

Noun

苧からむし(からんし) • (karanshi)

(rare, obsolete) the ramie plant
(rare, obsolete) a thread made from the fibers of this plant
(rare, obsolete) a textile made from this thread

Etymology 5

Kanji in this term
苧からむし
こるむし Hyōgai
kun'yomi

/karamuɕi/ → /korumuɕi/

Alteration from karamushi. Rare and obsolete reading.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ko̞ɾɯ̟mɯ̟ɕi]

Noun

苧からむし(こるむし) • (korumushi)

(rare, obsolete) the ramie plant
(rare, obsolete) a thread made from the fibers of this plant
(rare, obsolete) a textile made from this thread
- circa 800, Hiroshi Tsukishima, Kojisho Ongi Shūsei 2: Shibunritsu Ongi, Tōkyō: Kyūko Shoin, published 1979, →ISBN, page 47:
  纎麻衣まい 古流こりゅう牟斯衣ころも
  (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Etymology 6

Kanji in this term
苧からむし
ま Hyōgai
kan'yōon

Alternative spelling
麻あさ

From Middle Chinese 薴 (MC nreang), but read with the on'yomi from 麻あさ (ma, “hemp”). Compare modern Mandarin 苧からむし (zhù), 麻あさ (má).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ma̠]

Affix

苧からむし(ま) • (ma)

the ramie or hemp plant or fiber

Derived terms

苧からむし(ま)物もの(もの) (mamono): a rope or line made of hemp or ramie fiber
苧からむし(ま)麻あさ(お) (mao): ramie; a kind of thread made from ramie; (slang) adultery

Etymology 7

Kanji in this term
苧からむし
ちょ Hyōgai
on'yomi

From Middle Chinese 薴 (MC nreang). Compare modern Mandarin 苧からむし (zhù).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [t͡ɕo̞]

Affix

苧からむし(ちょ) • (cho)

the ramie or hemp plant or fiber

Derived terms

苧からむし(ちょ)麻あさ(ま) (choma): hemp or ramie

References

^
c. 759, Man’yōshū, book 14, poem 3484:
, text here
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林だいじりん [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
↑ ^3.0 ^3.1 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語にほんご発音はつおんアクセント辞典じてん [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

Fukane no Sukehito (c. 901–923) Maruyama Yumiko, Wu Qian, editors, Honzō Wamyō: Eiin, Honkoku to Kenkyū) (in Japanese), Kyūko Shoin, published 2021, →ISBN.

Korean

Hanja

苧からむし • (jeo) (hangeul 저, revised jeo, McCune–Reischauer chŏ, Yale ce)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

苧からむし: Hán Nôm readings: trữ

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

[1] 
c. 759, Man’yōshū, book 14, poem 3484:
, text here

[DJR-2] 2.0 ^2.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林だいじりん [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[NHK-3] 3.0 ^3.1 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語にほんご発音はつおんアクセント辞典じてん [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

[1]

[2]

[3]